查询词典 normal surface

The main factors affecting the soil-structure interface behaviors were found experimentally and theoretically, including: 1 the thickness of the interface that is five to six times the average grain size of the soil; 2 the aeolotropy of interface, which is responsible for anisotropic response of the stress-strain response of the interface; 3 two physical states, including crashing and compression of the soil near the structure surface, which govern the stress-strain response of the interface strongly; 4 two shear deformation components due to sliding and constraint of the structure surface relative to the soil respectively, which forms the deformation of the interface; 5 the volumetric strain due to dilatancy, which is found to be composed of a reversible dilatancy component and an irreversible dilatancy component. 4. A unified constitutive model of the interface, based on new elasto-plasticity damage theory, was developed. It was confirmed to be effective for the conditions considering monotonic and cyclic shearing, coupling effect of shear and volumetric strains, evolution of physical state, micro-structure aeolotropy of the soil and the resulting aeolotropy of the interface as well as the three normal boundary conditions stated above. 5. 2D and 3D finite element formulations of the present model were derived and incorporated into the FEM codes. They were applied to the evaluation of practical engineering problems with different typical interfaces between soil and structure. The new model was shown to be reasonable and effective.

确定了粗粒土与结构接触面厚度约为5～6倍的平均粒径，首次揭示了接触面的细观结构异向性以及由此所引起的宏观剪切异向性，发现了在单调和往返剪切荷载作用下土颗粒破碎和剪切压密两种物态变化机制共同支配着接触面力学性质的变化，通过细观分析证实了接触面的变形可分解为一般同时发生的土与结构交界面上的滑移变形以及结构面位移约束范围之内土体本身的剪切变形两部分，观测到接触面受剪时表现出明显的相对法向位移，并可分解为可逆性和不可逆性两个分量；(4)建立了第一个能够统一地描述单调与往返剪切特性、剪应变与体应变耦合特性、细观结构和宏观剪切异向性以及土颗粒破碎等物态变化特性的土与结构接触面弹塑性损伤本构数学模型，并采用多种法向边界条件复杂加载路径的试验成果验证了新模型的合理性和有效性；(5)提出了新模型的二、三维有限元格式并结合实际边值问题进行了应用计算分析，比较了不同接触面本构模型对计算结果的影响，证实了新模型及其有限元格式不仅能够合理地描述土与结构接触面的主要力学特性，还能够较好地反映土体与结构物在接触面处的滑移、脱开等不连续现象。

PROJECT_ON_DRIE_SURFACE—Preseres the lead angle of the tool axis relatie to the surface normal for each explicit axis defined at locations on the surface.

投影在驱动曲面上–保留刀具轴相对于在曲面的多个位置处定义的每个显式轴的曲面法向的导引角。

Comparison of the surface spectrum and normal spectrum suggests that the dye molecules are chemically adsorbed on the surface of the GaP nanoparticles.

通过将吸附碱性品红与纯碱性品红晶体样品的拉曼光谱进行对比、分析可知，碱性品红在纳米GaP粉体表面发生了化学吸附。

In order to apply virtual reality technique into medical image processing, make convenient for surgeons to access virtual and mini invasive surgery, this paper, presents a full interactive virtual endoscopy system framework, analyzing and discussing system architecture and algorithm models. We explain some key procedures in virtual endoscopy system such as definition of world coordinate, virtual camera, surface detection, normal approximation, volume rendering and surface rendering, and also some interactive control method.

在综合利用各种计算机图形、图象技术的基础上，提出了完整的交互式虚拟内窥镜系统的框架，同时对系统结构和各种模型进行了分析和讨论，还针对系统的实时性和绘制结果的逼真性要求，提出了基于 Object Cache和扩展的区域增长方法，并将其应用到医学图象处理当中，得到了较好的效果。

This paper proposes a robust filter function, called trilateral filter function, to filter the noises in the domains of surface curvature, normal and position at each sample point while the local surface is fitted in a quadratic form. By optimizing the filtering result of curvature tensor, our approach is capable of preserving the feature on the target model.

通过在扫描模型每个采样点处拟合一个二次型曲面，设计了一个鲁棒的滤波函数--三边滤波函数；应用该函数分别对模型表面上每个点的法线、曲率和位置进行滤波；通过对曲率的滤波结果进行优化，可有效地保持三维模型表面上的特征。

Normal gravity equipotential surface is the ellipsoid, which is the standard surface.

正常的重力等位面是椭球面，也就是水准面。

By comparing and analyzing, we think that using normal hyperbola function in multi-surface model is better than using inverse hyperbola function in multi-surface model, as i...

将该方法与传统的Taylor多项式、Legendre多项式和曲面函数建模方法进行了比较，表明该方法具有较高的精度和可靠性。

BE led the vision to a surface by his question up, Li3 Lang2 Ye2 noticed pond water for the first time of strange appearance-in normal times in knit the Mian generally drifting green Ping, light the Qiao sweetly packs fallen petal of order water mirror and sees the glorious carp that the shadow of human figure would float to connect Die up the surface, why all be missing?

被他的疑问将目光牵引到了水面上，李琅琊第一次注意到了池水的异状--平日里织绵一般漂浮的绿萍、轻俏可爱地装点着水镜的落花、看到人影就会浮上水面接鲽的锦鲤，为什么都不见了？

According to the theoretical tooth surface model, the measuring grids schema is accomplished on the rotary projection of tooth surface, and coordinates and the normal of the grids are obtained.

根据建立的理论验面模型，在齿面的旋转投影面上进行测量网格规划，得到网格节点的坐标和法线方向。

The interpolate algorithms of three-order NURBS curve and double three-orders NURBS surface are presented. The expressions of partial derivative and normal curvature of NURBS surface are derived by the theory of differential geometry. The geometric characteristics of different curvature area of the free-form surfaces are analyzed in detail. All these work lays a theoretical foundation for constructing the cutter location calculating model of free-form surfaces NC machining. 2 On the basis of analyzing the methods of cutter path generation, the standard of evaluating the various methods of cutter path generation is presented. The method of generating cutter path with constant scallop height is presented for the first time.

本文以提高复杂曲面多坐标数控加工精度和加工效率为目的，在对国内外研究现状进行深入分析的基础上，对数控编程中各环节的关键技术问题进行了深入研究，主要内容包括以下几方面： 1 分析了复杂曲面各种造型方法的优缺点，给出了根据各种边界条件所确定自由曲面的NURBS表示方法以及三次NURBS曲线曲面反算算法；用微分几何理论推导了NURBS曲面的偏导矢及法曲率计算表达式；对曲面不同曲率特性区域的几何特征进行了深入分析，为建立复杂曲面的数控加工刀位计算模型奠定了理论基础。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。