查询词典 nominal

The main innovations of this dissertation are as follows:(1) When the previous researches tested the McCallum Rule in the form of nominal income target, the constant term in the rule expression, namely the logarithm of the growth rate of nominal income was determined subjectively and casually because the potential economic growth rate is difficult to estimate.

本文的主要创新点有：(1)以往研究在检验名义收入目标形式的麦克勒姆规则时，规则表达式中的常数项即名义收入增长率对数值的确定具有一定的主观性和随意性，原因在于潜在经济增长率难以估计。

Based on the accurate nonlinear flight dynamics of RLV, the flight manager was established, featuring the flight corridor and effectors health status, which meets the requirement of nominal flight management, guidance/control reconfiguration under off-nominal conditions, and transitioning to an abort mode in response to a more serious situation.

在精确的RLV非线性飞行动力学模型的基础上，综合考虑任务限制条件和舵面完好状况，建立飞行管理模块，实现了标称条件下飞行任务的管理、非标称条件下对制导／控制律的重构以及严重事故时任务中断策略的实施。

Firstly, applying spectral factorization to minimize an integral square performance criterion containing tracking error and control energy, an optimal control law for the nominal model is derived on condition of control energy constraint. Then, for model uncertainty, using spectral factorization to minimize the variance of the actual system performance from the nominal performance over all frequency range, a robust controller design method is abtained, which has optimal robustness of the system nominal performance to model errors.

首先针对控制对象的标称模型应用谱分解最小化一个包含跟踪误差和控制能量在内的积分平方性能指标，导出一个控制能量约束条件下的最优控制律；然后再针对模型不确定性应用谱分解最小化实际系统性能和标称性能在整个频段上的方差，得到一个鲁棒控制器的设计方法，可使系统的标称性能对模型误差具有最优的鲁棒性。

This thesis mainly discuss following issues, Theory and simple expressions for array covariance matrixes are derived when angular spread functions are symmetric distribution functions, i. e. the Uniform distribution, the Gauss distribution, the Laplace distribution and the Von Mises distribution, and a non-symmetric distribution function, i. e. the Gamma distribution. And the relation between the effective signal subspace and the array number, or and the nominal angle of the distributed source, the angular spread, the distributed functions, and the Signal-to-Noise Ratio is gained. The dimension of the effective signal subspace increases with increment of the array number. And it is more obvious to the non-symmetric distribution. The dimension of the effective signal subspace decreases with increment of the nominal angle. And the distributed source is equal to a point source as θ=π/2. The dimension of the effective signal subspace increases with increment of the angular spread.

本论文针对阵列信号处理中广泛存在的分布源现象，主要讨论了以下问题：推导了角度分布函数分别为对称的均匀分布、高斯分布、拉普拉斯分布、Von Mises分布和非对称的伽马分布时，分布源阵列接收信号协方差阵的严格模型和简化模型，得到了单个分布源的有效信号子空间随阵元数、分布源中心角、分布角、角度分布函数和信噪比的变化规律：随着阵元数的增加，对所有角度分布函数的有效信号子空间维数也随着增加，且非对称分布函数的有效信号子空间充满整个空间的可能性更大；随着分布源中心角逐步增加，有效信号子空间维数逐步减小，当θ=π/2时，等价于点源情形；随着分布源分布角逐渐加大，有效信号子空间维数也随之增加，直到有效信号子空间充满整个空间；随着信噪比的增加，有效信号子空间维数有一定程度的减少。

Since 1993 nominal money supply M2 has exceeded nominal GDP in both absolute amount and growth rate.

1993年以来名义货币供给量M2在绝对量和增长率两方面均远远超过名义GDP。

Under the Fisher hypothesis, an increase in nominal money growth — which is reflected one for one in an increase in inflation — has no effect on the real interest rate in the long run and increases the nominal interest rate by an amount equal to increase in money growth.

在 FISHER 假说下，名义货币的增长与通货膨胀的增长是一一对应的，在长期内对实际利率没有影响，并通过等量于货币增长的增加使名义利率也增加。

The nominal amount of the aggregate number of Shares over which the Committee may grant Options on any date, when aggregated with the nominal amount of the number of Shares issued and issuable in respect all Options granted under the Scheme and any ot

我的理解是：委员会在任何时期授予的期权的股票总额的正常金额，当把在公司本计划和任何其他股票期权计划下所授予的所有期权的正常股票数量合计起来时，在相关授予之前的日期将不得超过公司已发行股本的15%。

III. Nominal clausesIII. Nominal clauses

这就是问题的症结所在。

Fourth, Based on sample data collected in Shenzhen city in 2003, the paper, from various perspectives, calculates nominal VAT rate for goods sold domestically or internationally. By the means of the calculation of the extent of indirect nominal tax burden shifting, we can get the economy tax burden from evaluating some trades'tax burden shifting range of Shenzhen VAT taxpayer. This paper also analyses the problems and the reasons of it and proved that the result of the separate calculation of domestic sales nominal tax burden and export sales tax burden can more realistically reflects the enterprises'nominal tax burden.. Enterprises with higher nominal tax burden can transfer their most parts of their nominal tax burden to the consumers, but the enterprises with lower nominal tax burden have to bear all nominal tax burden. Thus, when measuring the properness of tax burden from the VAT taxpayer, a comparison between economic tax burden and optimum tax burden should be considered.

第四，本文以2003年度深圳市数据为例，从不同的口径分别用经典名义税负测算法和内外销分别测算法测算了深圳市增值税纳税人的名义税负，运用间接税税负转嫁程度测算模型，测算了深圳市增值税纳税人部分行业税负转嫁的程度，进而得出其经济税负，并分析了深圳市增值税纳税人税负存在的问题以及成因，验证了内外销分别测算法得出的结果更能真实地反映企业的名义税负，得出以下结论：名义税负较高的行业，其经济税负不一定高，而名义税负较低的行业，其经济税负并不一定低，在衡量增值税纳税人的税收负担是否适度的问题上，不能简单的将名义税负与最优税负比较，而应将经济税负与最优税负比较。

Independent-samples t-test is used to compare means of the experimental and control groups.The statistical results reveal that collocational competence with the sub-technical terms of the experimental group is significantly higher than that of the control group. However, the CBSTT model's effect on the simple nominal phrase collocational competence is more significant than the effect on the complex nominal phrase collocational competence. From the perspective of production competence, the overall results of the experimental groups are significantly higher than the overall results of the control group. The complex nominal phrase production competence is not significantly developed at the beginning of the experiment. With the progress of the experiment, the differences from the two groups become salient.

在短语搭配能力方面，实验组学生的总成绩明显高于对照组学生，其中实验组简单短语的搭配组合能力与对照组学生存在显著差异，但复杂短语的组合能力上两组差异不大；在产出能力方面，实验组学生的总成绩也明显高于对照组学生，实验组简单短语的产出能力与对照组学生存在显著差异，复杂短语的产出能力开始没有显著差异，随着实验的进行差异越来越显著；在通过词汇重复手段以构成语篇衔接方面，实验组学生的成绩和对照组的学生无显著差异。

Finally, according to market conditions and market products this article paper analyzes the trends in the development of camera technology, and designs a color night vision camera.

最后根据市场情况和市面上产品的情况分析了摄像机技术的发展趋势，并设计了一款彩色夜视摄像机。

Only person height weeds and the fierce looks stone idles were there.

只有半人深的荒草和龇牙咧嘴的神像。