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The effect of tribology factors on bearing vibration is studied experimentally. AR model and WPT are used to processing the normal arid abnormal signals. The results are as follows:1. The vibration of ball bearings is caused by the tribology action of contact pairs of ball and ring races and has the essential of tribo-dynamics. Any factors affecting the tribology characteristics of contact pairs will affect vibration and noise of bearings consequently.2. Vibration characteristics of bearing keep almostly unchanged with the increasing of axial load expecting the increasing of nature frequencies. When radial load increasing with axial load unchanged, nature frequencies keep unchanged but some new vibration peaks appears in the spectrum.3. Vibration amplitudes are damped and nature frequency are enhanced with sufficient lubrication. Vibration and noise of bearings increase obviously and roar can happen and the contact surfaces scratch slightly under insufficient and unclean lubrication state. Bearing will be disabled in a few minutes without any lubrication.4. Bearing vibration is unstable under low speed. With the speed increasing, the vibration become stable and natural frequencies increase slightly but the amplitudes increase apparently.5. Bearing vibration can be excited only by some harmonics ofwaviness without lubrication and by all harmonics with lubrication based on the theoretical analysis.6. The nature frequencies of ball bearings decrease with the increasing sizes. When international clearance increasing, nature frequencies decrease in radial and increase in axial and angular and the amplitudes increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular. When the number of balls increasing, nature frequencies increase and amplitudes decrease. When the pitch diameter increasing, axial nature frequency increase and others nearly keep no change. When outer race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular and amplitudes keep no change in radial and increase in axial and angular. When inner race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies decrease and amplitudes increase.7. The distortion in amplitude and frequency components of bearing vibration signals picked up by the present probe measurement method is founded and right conclusions cannot be achieved by the signals. When accelerometer is rigidly screwed with steel stud onto a flat outer surface of a ball bearing, vibration signal can be got without distortion and the reliability of research on bearing vibration is assured.8. AR model is suitable for large samples of bearing vibration signals, square root of length of samples can be used as the upper limitation of order determination and the FPE order selection criterion is effective. Many advantages of AR spectrum are founded over the classical based on FFT.9. Time-Frequency analysis is necessary for abnormal noise of ball bearings. WPT overcomes the principle shortcomings of STFT and proved to be a best tool to process the abnormal signals.

理论分析和试验研究表明： 1球轴承振动是钢球—滚道接触副中的各种摩擦学作用引起的，具有摩擦动力学的本质，任何对接触副的摩擦学特性有影响的因素都将对球轴承的振动和噪声特性产生影响； 2中心轴向载荷作用下，载荷增大使球轴承的固有振动频率升高，载荷越大同样的载荷增幅引起的频率升幅减小，足够大的中心轴向载荷作用下载荷的变化对球轴承振动的频率特性不会产生明显的影响； 3轴向和径向联合载荷作用下，径向载荷不大时球轴承振动的固有频率基本不变，但是可能引起变刚度激励的非线性振动，出现新的频峰，过大的径向载荷将使部分钢球脱离接触，使球轴承的振动和噪声呈现不稳定状态； 4润滑对球轴承的振动和噪声特性有重要的影响，良好的润滑对振动有明显的抑制作用，润滑不充分时，振动和噪声的水平会有明显增高，一定条件下还会激发接触副中的谐振，发出啸声，造成接触表面的伤害，无润滑干接触时，短时的运转就会损伤接触副表面，使振动和噪声迅速增大，并随时可能引发严重的磨损和卡滞失效；接触副润滑良好时，油膜的"刚化效应"使球轴承振动的固有频率有所提高，润滑剂中含有弥散性污浊时，振动的幅度总体升高，但弥散性污浊不会改变球轴承振动的频率特性；浙江大学博士学位论文：球轴承振动的研究 5低速时，球轴承振动的基本特征呈现不稳定状态，随着转速的提高，球轴承振动的频率特性趋于稳定，固有频率频峰升高； 6理论分析表明，干接触时钢球和滚道表面波纹度的某些谐波分量能激励球轴承的振动，振动的幅值与谐波幅值成正比，实际球轴承中钢球的分布不可能完全均匀，波纹度的激励作用会随时发生；润滑接触的分析表明，波纹度的任意谐波分量均能激励球轴承的振动； 7球轴承的几何和结构参数分析表明，球轴承尺寸越大，径向、轴向和角振动的固有频率越低；钢球中心圆直径增大，球轴承的径向和轴向振动的固有频率基本不变，角振动的固有频率有所上升，振动的幅频特性基本不变；径向游隙加大使球轴承的径向振动固有频率降低，轴向和角振动的固有频率有所升高，径向振动幅频特性的幅值升高，而轴向和角向降低；钢球的数量增多使球轴承振动的固有频率上升，幅频特性的幅值下降，径向振动的幅值下降最为明显；外圈沟曲率半径系数增大使球轴承径向振动的固有频率升高，轴向和角振动的固有频率降低，径向幅频特性基本不变，轴向和角向幅频特性幅值升高；内圈沟曲率半径系数增大使径向、轴向和角振动固有频率均下降，振动幅频特性的幅值均有升高； 8试验对比表明，传感器采用探针式安装时，由于探针接触副接触特性的影响，钡(量得到的球轴承振动信号有失真，采用专门设计和制作的试验球轴承，以固定式安装加速度计，首次测量得到了球轴承振动的真实信号，通过对振动信号的分析，验证了球轴承振动的理论模型； 9)基于时间序列分析的AR模型适用于大样本球轴承振动信号的分析，以样本长度的均方根值作定阶上界，FPE做判阶准则，给出的AR谱光滑，频率分辨率高，是球轴承振动分析的简便而可靠的手段； 10以时频域分析的小波包变换分析球轴承异音信号能够比较好地定位和聚焦异音发生的时间，时间间隔，频率范围，同样是球轴承振动分析的可靠的手段，可用作球轴承故障诊断技术。

M15 (methanol 15%, diesel 85%) and M30 (methanol 30%, diesel 70%) methanol/diesel fuel blends are tested in ZS1100 DI diesel engine. The study contents include load character, NO emission and smoke emission test. In addition, the solidifying point of the fuel blends is tested and the cost is estimated.

在ZS1100直喷式柴油机上，用自行配制的M15、M30甲醇－柴油混合燃料与纯柴油做了对比试验研究，进行了负荷特性、NO和碳烟的排放对比试验，还进行了混合燃料的浊点测试和成本估算。

The results show that after lone- term load swimming training, the CEC was increased, the plasma ET content was increased and serum NO content was desreased; endothelium ultrastructure was damaged; tragacanth makes the CEC was decreased After large load exercise, the plasma ET content was decreased and serum NO was content was insreased; endothelium ultrastructure was improved.

结果表明：①大运动量运动训练后，大鼠CEC增多，血桨ET含量上升，血清NO含量下降；内皮细胞结构受损。②黄芪使大鼠大运动量训练后CEC减少，血浆ET下降，血清NO含量升高；内皮细胞超微结构改善。

Numerical experimental results showed that the perimeter air deflectable deposited burner could ensure the flame stability to satisfy combustion requirements under low load and can prevent spout fire carrying, low concentration of particle matters around the water-wall ensures the water-wall to be in oxidation atmosphere to solve problems of high temperature erosion and slagging, and particle matters separated from main spray caused by deflectable deposited perimeter air plays a significant role in low NO combustion control.

数值试验结果表明，偏置周界风燃烧器在保证煤粉气流着火稳定性以满足低负荷燃烧要求的同时，具备较强的防止喷口带火能力；炉内水冷壁附近颗粒物质量分数相对较小，从而能保证较高的氧化性氛围以解决水冷壁高温腐蚀、结渣等问题；偏置周界风所引起的炉内气固两相偏析在低NO燃烧控制方面具有重要意义。

polygonatum sibiricum red could influence the no-nos system's change of skeleton muscle under the different load, improve movement ability.

黄精提取物可以影响不同运动负荷状态下骨骼肌组织no-nos的变化，改善组织代谢状况，提高运动能力。

Results 1.After treated by:program freezing,the maximum load of the allografts has no evident decrease and the cell activity of allografts was preserved well,the frozen hurt after program freezing was more slight than －80℃ deepfrozen,2.No evident reject reaction can be seen during the healing process after deep frozen and the reject reaction declined as the time pass by.3.Three weeks afer the allografting,there was no significant difference between the two al lografting groups in maximum load(P＞0.05),Eight weeks later,the maximum load of the group that was preserved by liquid nitrogen after program freezing(76.60±4.67)N was better than the group that was preserved by －80℃ deepfrozen(75.99±4.20) and similar with the autografting group(76.72±2.55).4.The healing process and histological behavior of the two deepfrozen groups are similar with the autografting group,and the program freezing group is better.

结果 a经程序冷冻液氮保存方法处理后，髌腱的最大载荷无明显下降，细胞活性得到了较好的保存，组织学观察冷冻损伤较－80℃深低温保存方法轻微；b程序冷冻液氮保存处理的移植物在术后未表现明显的排斥反应，且免疫反应随时间的推移而下降；c移植后3周，各组移植物的最大载荷无显著差异(P＞0.05)，移植后8周，程序冷冻液氮保存组移植物的最大载荷(55.87±1.86)N优于－80℃深低温保存组(52.14±2.79)，而和自体移植组相近(57.70±2.76)N；d从组织学观察看，－80℃深低温保存组和程序冷冻液氮保存组移植后的愈合过程均和自体移植组相似，而程序冷冻液氮保存组的愈合过程和组织学行为更接近于自体移植组。

The effect of pole-arc coefficient、 air-gap、 damper winding and magnet circuit saturation for no-load property of harmonic winding by it . So, in this article, we bring forward a new idea and method to analyze no-load property of harmonic winding of synchronous generator by third harmonic excitation.

根据三段法，分析了极弧系数、气隙、阻尼绕组和磁路饱和等因素对谐波空载特性的影响，为分析谐波励磁同步发电机谐波绕组空载特性提供了一种新的思路和分析方法。

PLZT bimorph deflexed to the maxima under irradiation when there was no mechanical load, whereas bimorph did not do work; part of the incident energy was wasted, and the other converted into electrical and mechanical energy and stored in the bi- morph driver.

从材料力学角度推导出双晶片执行器在紫外光照射下产生的最大偏移量和最大驱动力，无机械负载时双晶片在光照下产生最大变形，此时双晶片执行器不对外做功，入射光能一部分损失掉，其余转化成电能和机械能，并存储在双晶片执行器中。

But it is for this rail that there is no peak load specified here.

但正是由于这条铁路是有没有高峰负荷指明这里。

For a constant impedance load or a constant current load, if regulating the secondary voltage by making the changer ratio higher, the primary voltage will get much lower while the load power is restoring, and the power will then lose balance. For a constant power load or a motor load, since the change of OLTC has no or little influence on the load power, the voltage of primary side almost has no change whether the tap operates or not. The influence on the voltage stability with respect to the dynamic restoring load which is sensitive to voltage is also discussed.

对于恒阻抗和恒电流型负荷，在变比上调恢复副边电压的情况下，负荷功率恢复，又使原边电压下降，可使系统功率失去平衡，而对于恒功率负荷和电动机负荷，OLTC的变化不会引起负荷功率的恢复，OLTC的变化对系统电压稳定有利；同时研究了对于一般电压敏感和具有动态恢复特性的负荷，反调分接头对电压稳定性的影响。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。