查询词典 neuron

Background: The neuron death resulting from traumatic brain injury can be classified into 3 types:(1)neuron death due to primary injury;(2)neuron necrosis due to secondary injury such as hemorrhage, compression, anoxemia and ischemia;(3)neuron apoptosis due to inflammatory factor, cytokine,, excitatory transmitter, Ca~(2+) overload and oxygen radical et al.

引言创伤性脑损伤所致的神经元死亡主要有三种：①原发性损伤所致的神经元直接死亡；②外伤后出血、压迫、缺血缺氧等继发性损伤因素所引起的神经元坏死；③炎性介质、细胞因子、兴奋性递质、Ca~(2+)超载、氧自由基等因素所诱发的神经元凋亡。

Pathological study revealed compression mainly caused neuron atrophy and anterior column damage in the white matter, on the other hand, excessive cervical flexion combined with compression resulted in neuron atrophy, neuron edema, chromatolysis、vacuolization and it also caused demyelination、axon degeneration、axon necrosis in all the columns of the white matter.

病理结果显示，单纯压迫时，神经元的变化以萎缩为主，白质损害主要在前索。而在过度屈曲活动组，神经元除萎缩外，肿胀、尼氏体溶解和空泡变性等病理变化也比较常见，白质各索均可有损害。

Based on extended Linsker's network developed by Wimbauer et al.,we build a model for the receptive field of toad's R3 ganglion cell and a model for the receptive field of the nLM neuron of pigeon. Computer simulations on the 'head/tail preference' property,the configurational selectivity of the R3 neuron,and the selectivity for contrast,direction,orientation and the length of the moving edges of the nLM neuron,have been made. The simulation results are consistent with the physiological experiments qualitatively.

为揭示这类神经元的信息加工原理，以Wimbauer等人提出的时延Linsker网络为基础，通过将不同的时空动态感受野线性组合，建立了蟾蜍视神经节R3类神经元和家鸽扁豆核神经元的感受野模型，并模拟了R3神经元对蠕虫样刺激物的"头/尾偏爱"特征，细胞对刺激物的构型选择性以及nLM神经元对运动边缘的反差、方向、边缘朝向和长度的选择性。

The computational power of the quantum neuron is explored. Numerical and graphical results show that this single quantum neuron can perform XOR function unrealizable with a classical neuron and has the same computational power as the two-layer NN, it can be used to realize nonlinear mapping.

应用量子计算方法分析了该量子神经元模型的量子逻辑运算功能，分析和实验证明单个量子神经元能实现经典神经元无法实现的XOR函数，并具有与两层前向神经网络相当的非线性映射能力。

RESULTS: The mild traction group showed angulus anterior individual neuron slightly engorged, neuron and nerve fiber morphous was normal essentially; individual substantia alba demyelinates in fragmentis; medullary sheath and auxiliary fibers of nerve root were hydropsia slightly without conspicuous myelinolysis. The moderate traction group demonstrated myelinolysis change in the spinal cord, and neurofibras lined up chaos, auxiliary fibers disaggregated, neuron dropsy, tigroid body disappeared with karyopycnosis and anachromasis in neurons; nerve root showed myelinolysis. The severe traction group displayed a great demyelination region; anterior motor neurons with karyopycnosis and anachromasis; myelinated nerve fiber of nerve root shrinked, decreased in number, with severe demyelination changes.

结果：轻度牵拉组牵拉侧前角个别神经元稍肿胀，神经元及神经纤维形态基本上正常，个别白质小片状脱髓鞘样改变，神经根髓鞘和轴索轻度水肿，脱髓鞘不明显；中度牵拉组白质有脱髓鞘改变，神经纤维排列紊乱，轴索崩解、断裂；灰质神经元水肿明显加重，前角运动神经原细胞尼氏体消失，核固缩、深染，神经根髓鞘和轴索水肿，局部轻度脱髓鞘改变；重度牵拉组牵拉侧白质为不规则的大片脱髓鞘区，前角运动神经元胞体固缩、变形、核深染，神经根有髓神经纤维萎缩、数目减少，重度脱髓鞘改变。

In this paper, we introduced the method and set of cat perceptual learning and research the character of orientation discrimination and contrast detection of cat, and we also research the effect of visual perceptual learning on the response of the Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus neuron with the method of single-neuron in vivo recording techniques, by which to the ends of knowing the mechanism of neuron in the perceptual learning. Perceptual learning in orientation discrimination and contrast detection was first observed by psychophysics method in cat in the following two experiments.

本研究介绍猫的视觉学习实验装置和训练方法，观察了方位辨别和对比度检测两种知觉学习的特点，并结合在体细胞外单细胞记录技术研究了视知觉学习对外膝体神经元反应特性的影响，初步探讨猫视知觉学习的神经机制。1、运用心理物理学方法进行了两个知觉学习实验，分别观察了猫对正弦光栅方位辨别和对比度检测的知觉学习。

Methods: Dorsal root ganglions were derived from the chick embryo and dispersed into single neuron cell,The rhCNTF was added to neuron cells and incubated for 64 hours,The activity of acid phosphatase in neuron cells was determined and the biological activity of rhCNTF was analyzed quantificationally.

从鸡胚中分离出背根神经节并制成神经细胞，将重组人睫状神经营养因子加入到细胞中继续培养64h后，用酸性磷酸酶法检测活细胞内酸性磷酸酶的活性，从而定量测定重组人睫状神经营养因子的生物活性。

Gelatin microsphere is firstly made by encapsulating bFGF into gelatin by special manufacture process, then this microsphere was combinated into PLGA conduit or PLGA film.when used, we need only pack the injury peripheral nerve, injury spinal cord, wounded pars encephalic with the PLGA conduit. The conduit or film can slowly release buff which would be absorbed by around tissues.bFGF was already proved to be nutritious to the regeneration and alive of neuron and protect injury neuron.bFGF can also promote morphogenesia and division of nerve cell which would raise the survival rate of neuron, guide the generation of axon etc.bFGF is one of the important factors of sustaining the normal survival of cholinergic nerve.

使用时，只需将此材料贴敷外周损伤神经伤患处，脊髓伤口，或在脑部开颅手术后填充于术后创面，可有效地在伤口局部缓慢地释放并由机体组织吸收bFGF等神经营养因子。bFGF等已被证明具有神经营养作用，可促进神经元的再生与存活，保护受损的神经元。bFGF等对神经细胞兼有促进形态发生与分裂作用，具有提高神经元的成活率、诱导轴突向外生长等功能，是维持前脑基底部胆碱能神经元正常生存的重要因素。

In the light of cost index and pollution degree, the characteristics of kinds of pulp are analyzed in detail, and the GP pulp which is low cost, high-yield, no-pollution is chosen as the material of tableware. Based on material element analyzed, shaping technology is designed, the to and for single plane shaping equipment which is high shaping quality, high production efficiency and is easy to automatize is chosen. All kinds of measure are taken to solve the problems which are inequality in the shaping process of GP pulp, and dosage which matches with GP pulp is chosen. Some ways of fixing shape and heat up are analyzed, the technology of saving energy of heat pressing to fix shape being composed of oil heat and only one fixed shape in the mold is applied, with which it is high production efficiency, low cost to fix shape effectively, which saves energy 30 percent. In order to make the production line meet with material of GP pulp, measure are taken to solve the problem of pulp adhered to netlike molding which can lead to carry material difficult, the structure of fully automatic equipment is renovated, the loaded beam is optimizationally designed to make equipment structure compactand improve location precision and products quality. According to technologic flow and actual characteristic, Omron PLC is chosen as the core of the control system, proximity switch as detect unit take the place of touch switch, software is designed reasonably according to time order figure, hardware is simplified, the reliability of system is advanced, the stability of system is assured to make production order. Intelligence neuron PID system is studied theoretically which is made up of both neuron with self-organizing and self-learning function and ordinary PID with the characteristic of the simple structure and high stability, which can automatically tune the parameter with the change of system parameter, remain perfect performance.

按成本指标和污染程度分析各浆料的特点，选择低成本、高得率、无污染的磨石机械浆为原料，在原料组分分析的基础上，设计成型工艺，选择成型质量好、生产率高、易实现自动化的往复式单板成型机，采取各种措施解决GP浆成型不均匀的问题及选择与机械浆相匹配的助剂；分析几种定型方式和加热方式，采用定型效果好、生产率高、成本低的油加热与模内一次性定型相结合的热压定型节能技术，节能30％；为了使生产线适应磨石机械浆原料，采取相应措施解决由于粘网造成物料转移困难，对全自动设备结构进行改进设计，着重对物料传送系统的关键部件——承载梁的进行优化设计，使设备更加紧凑合理，提高设备的定位精度和产品质量；根据生产线工艺流程和现场特点，选用OMRON CPM1A型PLC为主核心，接近开关作为检测元件，替代有触点开关，选用可编程终端代替常规面板按扭，并按照时序图科学合理地设计软件，有效地简化系统硬件构成，提高系统的可靠性，保证系统的稳定性，从而使生产更加通畅有序；从理论上探索将神经元应具有的自组织、自学习要求与PID控制结构简单、稳定性好的全自动纸浆模塑餐具生产线的研究特点结合起来，构成神经元自适应PID控制器，当参数的变化时，系统能自行参数整定，保持优良的工作性能指标，满足实际需求。

First, each neuron associated with its inputs is analyzed and a Boolean function, describing the activation rule from its inputs to the neuron, is derived.

首先，分析各个神经元和它的输入，以建立一条描述因它的输入激发出该神经元输出间的的布林函数。

Diabetes is a social disease that affects several million people worldwide.

糖尿病是一个社会性疾病，全世界有数百万人罹患此病。

I'll call you on Friday to see if we can reschedule our luncheon meeting at your convenience.

我星期五会给您打电话在您方便的时候我们重新安排我们的午餐约会。