查询词典 natural language

It can be concluded from the above analysis that at the beginning of language, simple linguistic signs, coming from sound imitation, natural exclamation and morphological stimulation, took a strong feature of iconicity, while arbitrariness still existed to a little extent. With time going by, the primitives had to create more linguistic signs to meet their needs of survival and development, so that they arbitrarily related the sound patterns and concepts to conventionalize them as linguistic signs adopted in the whole society. During this period of time, arbitrariness played a more important role, while iconicity still worked as phenomena of phonaesthesia designate. With society developing, human beings found that it was not enough to create new signs at will, so they began to make use of some principles like compound, derivation, etc. to form new linguistic signs, either simple or complex. The linguistic signs formed during this period of time always took a better disguise to be iconic, while no one until now could defuse the contributions of arbitrariness of their formation. From the above investigations, it can be seen that arbitrariness and iconicity interact in the whole process of language development at the level of lexicon. If there were no arbitrariness, human language could not expand at the very beginning.

因此可做如下推论：在语言产生之初，简单语言符号的产生常常都是有理据的、象似的，但是仍不排除任意性的作用；后来有理据的词无法满足人们生存和发展的要求，人们开始任意地连接声音形象和概念，并约定俗成获得语言符号，此时任意性起主导作用，但是象似性在音义关系中对语言符号的产生起着不可否认的作用；随着社会的发展，人们发现这些词已经不再能满足需要，而创造更多的词也不是很可能，所以人们开始采用一些构词法来创造新的语言符号，此时产生的语言符号往往更具象似性，但其核心仍然是任意的。

So it does, the natural teaching field should transcend the identicalness, limitation, thinking and utility, the relationship between teachers and students in natural teaching should turn from subjectivity (including inter-subjectivity) to otherness, the art of natural teaching should transcend the aesthetic, useful, creative and explosive characters, and the language of natural teaching should transfer from the instrumental language in the sense of epistemology to the poetical language in the sense of existential-ontology.

正因为如此，德性教学场域就要超切同一、超切有限、超切思维、超切功利，德性教学中的师生关系就要由主体性转变为他者性，德性教学艺术就要超切审美、超切有用、超切创造、超切消解，德性教学语言就要由认识论意义上的工具性语言转变为生存论意义上的诗性语言。

So long as your life keeps changing, your language, as a rendering tool, will constantly undergo representational redescription, which makes your language expressive level higher and higher. It's natural that you'll attain high degree of professional proficiency and enjoy more and more fun in your language learning.

有一点必须指出，有些英文作品对我们如果显得太困难、繁杂或者微妙，除了语言本身的障碍之外，更重要的在于我们没有经历过类似的事情，我们的生命层次太低，思想太肤浅，自然无法领悟文章的奥妙。

This "importation" of the individual consciousness of the creator must however remain controlled. This is of the utmost importance, without constraints or measures we would fall either into the aesthetics of popular taste or into an escalation of elitist vocabulary that would weaken the language. If I myself no longer dare to use oil paints, to revisit or augment, it is due to its intrinsic overabundance of culture; having barely touched the palate, there is an immediate return to the domain of noble art. I would be too scared of creating some useless work while loosing the intensity afforded to a more direct language. Fluctuations in our cultural structure have resulted in vernacular embodying the new norm while I, in the domain of artistic language, have opted for the mode and techniques of traditional embroidery. A long while ago, during the time of the Yuan Ming Yuan artist village, I was convinced that I would run into problems if I applied myself to oil paint. I had produced next to nothing up until the day when, by coincidence, I noticed the many works of embroidery being sold at the entrance to the Summer Palace. I felt like I had finally found my mode of expression, my own personal artistic language. Due to the fact that embroidery belongs to the pre-industrial age, there is a "folkie" quality to it, rural and natural. This ill-defined modern world in which we live must also respond to the demands of "common people", the "lowly" and the "nouveau riche". In some sense, the re-appropriation of this folkloric technique was a necessity, much as it was during the time of the shift from "prose to spoken language" [1], an unavoidable consequence of social upheaval. It was not limited to a mere question of the stylistic signification of the semantic form. What embroidery embodies is a structural modification of society at its most basic level.

虽然它注入了艺术家的个人意识，但关键就是分寸感的把握，不然，或者伦为真的大众趣味，或者切入过多的经英语词汇，而使语言虚弱，就我而言，我不敢重操油画，或是改造扩充，就是由于它本身太文化了，一出手就高雅了，怕弄个不伦不类而失掉语言直接性的强度，文化结构的改变，艺术的俗语是一种趋势，从艺术语言上，我是用传统刺绣方式和手法的，早在圆明园画家村时，我几乎没有画出什么东西，油画肯定觉得使用起来有问题，在当时偶然在颐和园门前，看到很多刺绣的艺术品，一下子感到找到了方法，因为刺绣这种手段属于工业文明之前的东西，它有种土色和平民的感觉，这种也对应了时下的&平常人&、&小人物&、&暴发户&对现代化的消费趣味的追求，那种不伦不类的现代性，正好我的家乡唐山有一个很有名的刺绣厂，找师傅做作品可能更方便，有了这个想法之后，也得到朋友的鼓励，刺绣这一传统民间资源的再利用，在某种意义上说就像&白话文&始于当时社会巨大的转型出现的必然，它不单单是语言风格样式上的意义，它体现的是深层的社会文化结构改变的宣示。

The main courses are political theory and foreign language, engineering mathematics, elasto-plastic mechanics, computer applications, fluid mechanics, seepage mechanics, numerical simulation of petroleum deposits, petroleum chemistry, recovery ratio theory, petroleum and natural gas exploration techniques, petroleum and natural gas well engineering, shaft engineering, natural gas engineering, petroleum deposit engineering, pipe engineering for petroleum transport, pipe engineering for gas transport, petroleum and gas transport, simulation of petroleum and gas pipes, natural gas liquefaction technique, management theory and energy economics.

研修的主要课程有：政治理论课、外语课、工程数学、弹塑性力学、计算机应用技术、高等流体力学、高等渗流力学、油藏数值模拟、油田化学、采收率原理、现代油气勘探技术、现代油气井工程、现代凿井工程、天然气工程、高等油藏工程、高等采油工程、高等输油管道工程、高等输气管工程、油气田采输系统、油气管道运行模拟、天然气液化技术、高等管理学基础、能源经济等。

But for most thinkers in mid-eighteenth century, languages as a function of the mind was a problem for philosophical speculation. Although the natural and inherently biological basis of language has been mentioned, it played no role in the heated argument about the origin of language. The quarrel of whether man had invented language by application of his reason or whether it was God's revelation could assume immense proportions without taking into consideration the biological basis of language.

但是，对大部分18世纪中的思想家而言，把语言作为是人类心智的运作是对哲学性的思考带来纷扰，虽然有提到语言是与生俱来的生物基础，但是对於论辩语言起源的问题上仍是徒劳无功，且无论争论语言是人类理性所产生的或是语言是神授的说，都没有把语言是生物的基础的观点列入考量。

The statistical learning methods are applicable to broad areas such as data mining, artificial intelligence and natural language processing.

在数据挖掘、人工智能、自然语言处理有着广泛的应用。

Areas of emphasis include: artificial intelligence, natural language processing, pattern voice recognition.

公司将着重开发以下领域：人工智能，自然语言处理，模式和语音识别。

Words may be false and full of arts ,sighs are the natural language of the heart---Thomas Shadwell, British dramatist

言语可以是谎言并带有技巧；叹息才是心灵的自然流露。---英国剧作家沙德韦尔。T。

Words may be false and full of arts ,sighs are the natural language of the heart.---Thomas Shadwell, British dramatist

当我忧愁时，希望能吃到一颗奶糖，但是，我始终找不到我想吃的那种口味的奶糖！

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。