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Comparing with Galaxy, M31 has much lower gas and SFR profiles, but their total dynamic: mass are comparable. That means M31 needs faster star formation rate and infall rate (namely shorter infall time scale) in order to consume more gas . However, the low nietallicity and flat abundance gradient require lower star formation efficiency, and few metal poor stars means the infall time scale can not be very short.

与银河系相比，M31有着较低的气体轮廓及SFR轮廓，但其动力学总质量与银河系相当，这便要求有较大的SFR及较快的下落速度来消耗更多的气体；然而，较低的金属丰度及丰度梯度意味着SFE不能过高，贫金属星很少又暗示着下落时标不能很短。

Some were inspired by Tibet and Inner Mongolia (areas that, coincidentally, have also been infamously oppressed by the Communist Chinese government); others told narratives of various characters being rewarded for their embodiment of Traditional Chinese Values, namely, piety and faith in the "divine path."

有些节目受到西藏和内蒙古地区风格的影响（这些地区也被认为受到中国政府压迫的），有些台词褒扬所谓中国传统文化的精髓，如忠诚，信仰"神圣之路"等。

A kind of nowadays is popular view, namely of Chinese market economic system establish a procedure, it is a course that cent authority changes, it is the course that governmental function changes infirmly, ought to build.

时下流行着一种看法，即中国市场经济体制的建立过程，是个分权化的过程，是政府功能弱化的过程，应当建。。。

Affixes are limited in number in a language, and are generally classified into three subtypes, namely, prefix, suffix, and infix, depending on their position with reference to the root or stem of the word.

语言中词缀的数量总是有限的，根据它们跟词根或词干的相对位置，一般可以把词缀分外三小类：前缀，后缀和中缀。

By contrasting the consumption concept of planned economy period and market economy period, which analyzes the changes of consumption concept and concludes the behaviors of inharmonious phenomena, namely, inharmoniousness between consumption and nature, consumption and society, physical consumption psychic consumption.

通过对计划经济时期和市场经济时期消费观的比较，深入剖析了社会转型时期我国消费观。。。更多的变化，归纳了社会转型期不和谐消费观的表现，即消费与自然承受能力不和谐、消费与社会发展水平不和谐、物质消费与精神消费不和谐。

The unification of inherency and externalism of labor, namely the two-dimensional structure of labor, showing the contradiction of labor itself, that is the basic connotation of labor category in Marx philosophy.

劳动内在性与外在性的统一，即劳动二维结构，显示了劳动自身的矛盾性，是马克思哲学劳动范畴的基本内涵。

In Marx philosophy, on the one hand, from the viewpoint of difference between man and nature, category of labor is the essence of human being or free conscious activities, consequently ,labor of people are inherency ;On the other hand ,from the viewpoint of the relation between human and nature, labor has the characteristic of externalism, namely individual takes labor as the method which makes a living, and does not regards the labor itself as the goal or the essence of him, thus labor is also external in individual ,this is the meaning of labor externalism .It has manifested human's natural attribute .

马克思哲学的劳动范畴，一方面从人与自然的区别中，认为劳动是人的类本质或自由的有意识的活动，因而，劳动对人来说具有内在性；另一方面从人与自然的联系中，揭示了劳动的外在性，即个人以劳动为谋生的手段，并不把劳动活动本身视为自己的目的或本质，因而劳动又外在于个人，这就是外化劳动的含义，体现了人的自然属性。

It has manifested human\'s natural attribute .The unification of inherency and externalism of labor, namely the two-dimensional structure of labor, showing the contradiction of labor itself, that is the basic connotation of labor category in Marx philosophy.The category of labor which is in the central position in Marx philosophy, is the framework of historical materialism founded by Marx.

马克思哲学的劳动范畴，一方面从人与自然的区别中，认为劳动是人的类本质或自由的有意识的活动，因而，劳动对人来说具有内在性；另一方面从人与自然的联系中，揭示了劳动的外在性，即个人以劳动为谋生的手段，并不把劳动活动本身视为自己的目的或本质，因而劳动又外在于个人，这就是外化劳动的含义，体现了人的自然属性。

In Marx philosophy, on the one hand, from the viewpoint of difference between man and nature, category of labor is the essence of human being or free conscious activities, consequently ,labor of people are inherency ;On the other hand ,from the viewpoint of the relation between human and nature, labor has the characteristic of externalism, namely individual takes labor as the method which makes a living, and does not regards the labor itself as the goal or the essence of him, thus labor is also external in individual ,this is the meaning of labor externalism .

劳动作为最基本的感性活动，内蕴人的存在结构中自然和精神两个要素。

In rare cases this is not possible, namely when a choice point happens to be the initial state.

有极少见的情形下可能不行，即当选择点恰好是初始状态时。

Fancy gold-plated dangling earrings with facetted White Opal crystals.

花式镀金悬垂耳环与facetted白欧泊水晶。

This essay chooses the study aim from biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang which tells us that most of the middle school biology teachers in Shi Jiazhuang have the"burnout", lower successfulness, individualize.

本文选取石家庄市初中生物教师作为研究对象，运用问卷调查的方法对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状进行调查，调查结果发现，石家庄市初中生物教师这一群体普遍存在职业倦怠，情感枯竭程度偏高，成就感偏低，去个性化程度最为严重。