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The abnormal expression of mutant IGF IR, bcl 2 and PCNA may be an important etiopathogenesis factor for cardial carcinogenesis.

（1）IGF IR蛋白、癌基因bcl 2和PCNA的异常表达在贲门癌变过程中具有重要作用。

Knockdown of the gene blocked neural differentiation and the effect was rescued by the wild-type human gene, and not by a catalytically inactive mutant.

研究还发现，KDM7A表达抑制所引起的干细胞神经分化受阻现象可被FGF4的过表达所逆转，表明FGF4作为被KDM7A调控的基因介导了KDM7A在胚胎干细胞神经分化中的功能。

Methods and Results— We generated a gene-targeted mouse in which the active CathA was replaced with a mutant enzyme carrying a Ser190Ala substitution in the active site.

方法和结果——我们用在活性部位Ser190Ala替代的突变酶取代有活性的CathA，培养了基因定向小鼠。

The biological polymorphism of Cercospora zeae-maydis was studied systematically in the levels of histology, protein and DNA. The major characters in polymorphism of pathogen were listed as follows:(1) The great differences were seen in shapes and sizes of conidiophores, the growth velocity of mycelium and pigment-productivity of colony among pathogen strains. In addition, an albino strain, a kind of mutant, was casually discovered during isolation of pathogen from diseased plants, which supported strongly our previous prediction that there should be some potential genetic variation in Cercospora zeae-maydis.

本研究在组织学、蛋白质和DNA水平上，系统研究了玉米灰斑病菌的生物学多态性，这种多态性主要表现在以下几个方面：①病菌形态学和培养性状多态性：菌株间存在分生孢子形态、菌丝生长速度、菌落产色素能力等方面的差异，该病菌在自然界存在另一种变异类型——白化菌株，说明灰斑病菌的确存在遗传变异的潜能。

Based on this information, offspring from 10 crosses where parents were known were genotyped by the 6 microsatellite loci and used for parentage analysis. The result showed that assignment success of the progeny to their 'true' mother and father was 88% and 78% respectively, which were lower than predicted by the Cervus simulations. This could be explained by the existence of null or mutant alleles and by Taq DNA Polymerase slippage in the microsatellite loci.

在家系混养的模拟实验中使用这6个高多态性的微卫星基因座从20个候选雌虾中找到真正母亲的概率为88%，从30个候选雄虾中找到真正父亲的概率为78%，低于理论预测值，分析可能与微卫星基因座中的无效等位基因，等位基因的突变以及PCR过程中 Taq 酶发生链滑移等因素有关。

A wild strain Rhodococcus rhodochrous was mutated by using UV light and Lithium chlorinate,and a mutant named tg1-A6 with high nitirlase activity was obtained.

采用紫外线和氯化锂诱变得到一株名为Rhodococcus rhodochroustg1-A6的菌种，该菌经过培养基和培养条件的优化能够产生高酶活的腈水解酶。

High-resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, followed by computer-assisted analysis was used to screen the proteins pattern between normal and Ng mutant colleterial gland to find quantitative and qualitative difference in proteins expression.

分别对家蚕的正常及Ng突变体雌蛾性附腺分泌部组织的蛋白质进行提取，并采用双向凝胶电泳和计算机辅助分析方法，对提取的蛋白质混合物进行分离和比较分析，并对主要差异表达的蛋白质用质谱鉴定。

High-resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, followed by computer-assisted analysis was used to screen the proteins pattern between normal and Ng mutant colleterial gland to find quantitative and qualitative difference in proteins expression.

分别对家蚕的正常及Ng突变体雌蛾性附腺分泌部组织的蛋白质进行提取，并采用双向凝胶电泳和电脑辅助分析方法，对提取的蛋白质混合物进行分离和比较分析，并对主要差异表达的蛋白质用质谱鉴定。

A mutant CopR, which lacks the N-terminal signal receiver domain and is constitutively active, was found to have an attenuating effect on bacterial virulence when expressed in TSS.

本实验还筛选到一个CopR的突变体C104，该突变体因缺失N端的信号接受域而成为一个具有组成性活性的调控蛋白，C104在TSS中表达时导致菌株的毒力降低。

A sustained increase in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism caused by the reduced expression of DmDG accounted for the cryophilic phenotype of the atu mutant.

他们认为，生物体内利用基因调节温度适应性的机制普遍存在，这可以使生物适应很大的温度变化。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。