查询词典 monopoly

In this sense, it is another form of monopoly substituting the original monopoly of state-owned assets.

这实质上是原有的一股独大的国有产权的垄断变更为另一种的垄断。

This paper develops a dyn amic analysis that provides an intemallyconsistent micro-foundation framework where various effects of manufacture industry decline,such as firms'industrial choice and investment mechanism,entrance and exit,administrative monopoly and buyer monopoly,price expectation,etc.,can be deeply studied.

本文认为中国制造业衰退的原因，还应该从企业的产业选择和投资机制、进入和退出、行政垄断和用户垄断、价格预期等微观经济层面进行深入分析。

The anti-trust laws developed in the times of in-dustrial economy lack the specific rules respecting intellectual property monopoly. So that every country at-tempts to deal with the issue by extending legal interpretation and applying analogism so as to apply the currentanti-trust rules to intellectual property monopoly.

而产生并发展于工业经济时代的反垄断法，并无针对知识产权垄断的具体规则，世界各国普遍尝试通过延伸法律解释与类推适用的方法，将已有反垄断规则适用于知识产权垄断。

Where a trade association organizes the business operators in its own industry to reach a monopoly agreement in violation of this Law, the Anti-monopoly Law Enforcement Agency may impose a fine of less than 500,000 yuan; where the circumstances are serious, the social group registration authority may deregister the trade association.

行业协会违反本法规定，组织本行业的经营者达成垄断协议的，反垄断执法机构可以处五十万元以下的罚款；情节严重的，社会团体登记管理机关可以依法撤销登记。

This thesis stood at the circumstance of Anti-Monopoly Law, thro ugh the comparison of other countries law, pionting that we should put abusing of intellectual property into two circumstances, one is the trading contract of intellectual property , the other is the owner uses his rights to implete monopoly.

本文旨在立足于我国《反垄断法》立法的现状，通过对国际知识产权公约、美国、欧盟、日本规制知识产权滥用的反垄断法律的比较借鉴，为反垄断委员会在将来制定、发布反垄断指南时提供立法建议，文章主要就反垄断委员会在制定指南时应遵守的基本原则；知识产权经营者滥用市场支配地位；知识产权经营者滥用市场支配地位的不同表现形式；知识产权经营者达成垄断协议限制竞争的行为提供指南立法建议。

With regard to the control issue from the aspect of the political science, Chapter Seven takes the relationship between farmers of China's southwest region and the local government as the subject investigated, discussed the contradictions, conflicts and even intensification of interests occurred during the time of the tobacco monopoly control, and touches many incredible inharmonic phenomena occurred under the background of the monopoly control by the central government even in the undeveloped countryside. Such inharmonic phenomena made, of course, farmers who planted and/or sold tobacco be in hot water, which led to the economic rational resistance against the behaviours of the local government that made people work hard and wasted money for nothing.

第七章从管制的政治学角度以中国西南地区农民与当地政府的关系作为研究对象，探讨了发生在烟草专卖管制时期的利益和矛盾冲突甚至完全激化，触及了落后的农村地区同样是在中央政府的专卖管制下却产生了许多令人难以置信的不和谐现象，出现这种情形当然使种烟、卖烟的农民陷入了困境，进而采取了经济上理性的抵制方式来对抗当地政府的劳民伤财行为。

In the early period of the market economy, monopoly profits mainly embodies in monopoly conduct profits that impedes efficiency.

在市场经济发展的早期，垄断利润主要表现为有损效率的垄断行为利润。

The regulation reform of the Chinese natural monopoly industries has been brought into schedule even with the competition reform. In the reform several monopoly industries in China, the reform of the railway industry is the most sluggish and also the most difficult.

中国的自然垄断产业的规制改革也提上了日程，中央要求电力、铁路、民航、电信等垄断行业，通过政企分开和企业重组、打破垄断，引入竞争机制。

Third,international community has already proposed anti-monopoly law, we can make reference to European Anti-competition law,through case laws and mechanism,e.g.how to judge the monopoly behavious of corporations in the market,how to determine the corporation\'s leading position in the market,to monopolize the market through merger and acquisition of other corporations;besides,we can also make reference to law of other countries such as Fair Trading Act of the U.K.,the Competition Act of the U.K.,the Guidelines of merger in the U.S., Antitrust Act of the U.S.,the Guidelines of European Anti-trust laws, Guidelines on merger in European Union,and the Trade-Related Anti-Trust Measures,the Trade Related Investment Measures and etc.

第三，国际社会提出制定反垄断法的模式，我们可以参考欧盟垄断法，通过案例和机制，例如：怎样判定企业在市场的垄断行为、怎样界定市场支配地位、对公司通过合并与收购的行为来把市场垄断；再且，我们也会参考一些其它国家如英国公平贸易法、英国竞争法、美国的合并指引、美国垄断法、欧盟垄断法规指引、欧盟合并条例，还有《与贸易有关的及垄断措施协议》(Trade-Related Anti-Trust Measurers)、《与贸易有关的投资措施》(trade Related Investment Measures)等法规、条例来参考讨论。

Chinese sports professionization falls behind a lot contrast with the developed country Seeing that the condition of our country,most Chinese sports items haven't transformed through the original system to the profession system, the heavy responsibility of constructing the 21C sports project drops to the two kinds of systems Under the great environment of the sports developing, people has been considering the development of the Chinese sports, and expound various kinds of concepts The most projecting one among them is that the "whole national system "is the result of the planned economy, so it has to be reformed; The"whole national game system" does not accord with the developing demand of the market economy, and it should be banned, etc Furthermore, everything should be in accordance with the functioning means of the market economy Whatever country, they combat putting into practice of "admimstrational monopoly", as "monopoly" brings "looking for hireing" and "corruption", it nips the contest in marketplace.

我国由于受体制、经济条件等多方面因素的影响，竞技运动职业化相对于发达国家落后了很多。鉴于我国国情。我国大部分竞技项目还没有能从原有体制向职业化体制转换过来，这就使我国建设21世纪体育工程的重任落在两种制度上。在这样一个竞技体育发展的大环境背景下，人们对中国竞技体育的发展进行了思考，提出了各种各样的观点，其中，最为突出的是，认为中国的&举国体制&是计划经济的产物，必须进行改革：&全运会制度&不符合市场经济发展的要求，应该取缔等，一切都应该按照市场经济的方式来进行运作。任何一个国家，都反对实行&行政垄断&，因为&垄断&带来的是&寻租&、&腐败&，是对市场竞争的扼杀。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。