查询词典 molecules

The separation between the two types of molecules is crucial to the photoconductivity if the donor and acceptor molecules are close together they form charge-transfer assemblies where photochemically generated charge carriers become trapped and recombine.

将TNF 与HBC分子隔开是纳米管光电导的关键。因为如果施主分子与受主分子彼此太接近，会产生电荷转移聚集的现象，如此一来，由光化学反应所产生的电荷将被限俘并复合，无法导电。

Femtosecond time-resolved studies using fluorescence depletion spectroscopy were performed on the vibrational relaxation; orientational relaxation and the intermolecular energy transfer of dye molecules in solutions under different conditions. The correlation of such ultrafast process with the system temperature and property of solvents is analyzed, which is useful for the further study about the ultrafast process of DNA, protein and other biological molecules, such as intra- and intermolecular electron, proton and energy transfer and photoisomerization.

本文的主要内容是利用飞秒时间分辨荧光亏蚀光谱探测技术对液相体系中的染料大分子在不同条件下的激发态振动弛豫、取向弛豫和分子间碰撞传能等超快动力学过程进行了研究，分析得到了这些超快过程与体系温度和溶剂性质之间的关系，同时为进一步研究DNA、蛋白质等生物分子体系的电子转移、质子转移、能量传递以及光致异构化等反应过程打下了基础。

The impacted air molecules temporarily lose electrons, and when oxygen molecules among them reacquire these electrons, they emit green light.

大气，让被撞击的空气分子短暂失去电子，如果是氧分子重新得回这些电子，就会发出绿光。

Resultant energetic particles such as electrons and protons rain down near the Earth's poles and impact the air. The impacted air molecules temporarily lose electrons, and when oxygen molecules among them reacquire these electrons, they emit green light.

极光是由来自太阳的高能粒子冲撞地球的磁场所触发的；其结果是高能量的电子和质子在地球的极区附近撞击大气，让被撞击的空气分子短暂失去电子，如果是氧分子重新得回这些电子，就会发出绿光。

A completely reductionistic approach would look only at the behaviour of the individual molecules, perhaps in an environment that is a frozen representation of the molecules' environment in the living organism.

作为一种完整的还原方法，应该只观察单个分子的行为，这或许是在这样一种环境中进行的，即，生物机体中分子环境的冻结呈现。

Heteroduplex molecules have been made by mixing pJSA1175 and pJSAl175ADRV4, pJSA1175ADRV4 and pJSAl175RRV4 DNA molecules which have been linearized by Pst Ⅰ and Bgl Ⅱ respectively, denaturing them in alkaline or high temperature, allowing them to renature and then spreading in the presence of formamide.

以痘苗病毒表达载体pJSA1175及重组质粒pJSA1175ADRV4(含ADRV VP4基因)、pJSA1175RRV4(含猴轮状病毒VP4基因)为材料，用碱变性方法或热变性方法制备了载体质粒与重组质粒DNA之间的异源双链，电镜下成功观察到载体序列部分经变性、复性后配对呈双链状态，而外源基因区域突出呈单链环状结构，测量长度为2.3kb。

Now here is an important note: Runkle and Wilke found that above 170 degrees, the volatiles gases would combined with other shorter chain molecules forming longer chain molecules with higher dew points that would condense inside the pore structures.

现在要注意一点：Runkle and Wilke发现在高于170度，挥发气体将与其它短链

For further understanding the effect of the strain on K-bearing silicate mineral, an experiment with KO2 strain cultured in nitrogen-containing and nitrogen-free medium was conducted. By putting mineral powders into the medium and measuring the concentration of capsular polysaccharides, we concluded that the strain can accelerate the weathering rate of silicate minerals. The results showed that the polysaccharides secreted by the strain in the growth process could help the bacterial to adhere to the mineral surface effectively, and created the bacterium-mineral complex, which formed a mircro-enviorment avail the release of potassium. Another result was that there was higher level of Carbonic Anhydrase activity, which revealed that some exo-protein or enzyme produced by the bacterial had postive impact on the process of releasing potassium ion. We carried out the bacterial fermentation for larger scale production of the bacterial secretion, which was used to sperate, and identify the small molecules related to the mineral-bacterial interaction. After the analysis, it was found that the strain can produce many kinds of small molecules, such as 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid, methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, etc.

分别将菌株接入含有不同矿粉的培养基中培养，检测其在有氮、无氮培养基中荚膜多糖含量的变化，并在以钾长石和黑云母为矿源的情况下，比较研究了菌株在有氮、无氮培养基中对矿物的风化能力，通过一系列的实验，证实胶质芽孢杆菌在生长过程中所分泌的粘稠胞外聚糖可帮助细菌有效黏附在矿物表面，形成细菌-矿物复合体，并改变及维持该复合体内部的微环境，有助于该菌的解钾作用，而且细菌分泌的胞外蛋白质在该菌对含钾硅酸盐矿物的解钾作用过程中发挥重要作用；将胶质芽孢杆菌接入以钾长石和黑云母为矿源的有氮、无氮培养基中培养，检测到该菌碳酸酐酶活性的变化，并进行批量发酵后小分子酸性分泌产物的提取、分离、纯化与鉴定等方面的研究，结果表明，该菌可产生2-羟基苯甲酸，4-羟基苯乙酸，4-羟基苯甲酸甲酯等小分子物质。

Through cyclic hydrogen bonding with motif formed by coordinated water molecules and coordinated hydroxyl groups of dhbd from adjacent tetranuclear units, these adjacent neighbors are connected to afford a 1D supramolecular chain along axis a, which is further extended via aromatic intercalations and other crystallization water molecules into a 3D structure with channels.

毗邻的四核单元通过配位H2O分子和配位羟基O原子形成的 R 22(8)型环形氢键桥的连接，沿a轴方向构建了四核单元交替相连的一维超分子链；链间籍苯环的π-π堆积作用和晶格水分子氢键链的连接进一步扩展为具有隧道的三维结构。

By mean of dehydration and adsorption of water experiments, it is found thatn it is porous ion crystal, and is able to adsorb small molecules such as water molecules selectively.

用X-粉末衍射对晶体进行脱水和吸水实验，其结果表明该化合物为一透气型离子结晶，能够在干燥条件下失去水分子，在潮湿条件下吸附水分子，而本身分子结构不发生变化。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。