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Depending on this, we concluded the difference of Zeitgeist between mid ages and pre-modern literature on merchant spirit: either the dominant idea of the mid ages poetry is "powerful commerce leads to underdeveloped farming", or the idea that focuses on "mutual benefits" based on court and local policy; but the beginning of pre-modern literature----- the agreement between scholar-bureaucrats and merchants comes from lightheartedness, joy, sentimental expression and lyrical description expressed by middle period of Ming merchant poetry that deeply reflected the citizenly cultural spirits. Contrast to the poetry on merchant of middle literature, this is the ultimate transformation, showed the mostly characteristic of pre-modern literature priorly .

以此为界说，可以归纳出中世、近世涉及商贾诗歌的不同的时代精神：中世时期的诗歌或以&贾雄则农伤&为其主导思想，或主要着眼于朝廷与地方政策的层面张扬&农商兼利&的思想；而近世文学的起点———明中叶涉及商贾的诗歌往往在自由自在、安享快乐及张扬情欲、舒展性灵等方面有士商心灵的契合，在深层次上反映了市民文化精神，相对于中世涉及商贾的诗歌有根本性的转变，较早地显示出近世文学的主要特征。

This paper analyzes the reasons why modern people are keen on modern sports in the light of demanders and providers. The reasons are predictable, civil and safe characteristics of modern society, educational characteristic of sport socialization, compellable characteristic of sport cultural standard and attractive characteristic of sport industrial charm.

从需求者和供给者两个角度分析了现代人热衷于体育的原因，即需求者角度的现代社会的可预测性、文明性和安全性三个原因，供给者角度的体育的社会化的教育性、文化规范的强迫性和产业魅力的诱惑性三个原因。

With the increasing limitations of monologue—teaching in the modern education, the dialogical teaching embodied time spirit and modern educational idea becomes a direction to modern teaching reformation.

随着独白式教学的缺陷在现代教育中的日益凸显，体现时代精神和现代教育理念的对话式教学便成为现代教学改革的方向。

In this article,"Yin Yang Tai Ji Tu"--the imaginal generality of "Zhou Yi Cen Tong Qi" is compared with the "heredity code" in modern biology and the "Complement principle" in modern physics, the author indicates that to some extent the research of Chinese Taoism philosophy will be helpful to the development of modern science.

本文将《周易参同契》的形象概括——&阴阳太极图&与现代生物学中的&遗传密码&和现代物理学中的&互补原理&作了比较，指出对中国道教哲学的研究在一定程度上有助于现代科学的发展。

Therefore, the existent condition of Industrial Design is modern society and the serving objects is modern human beings. Industrial Design has the indiscerptible close relation with the modern technology.

因此，工业设计的存在条件是现代社会，服务对象是现代的人类，它与现代技术有着不可分割的密切关系。

As a burgeoning industrial city, if we want to double the economic gross on the way of constructing an affluent society, and realize the modern strategy target, Pan Zhihua has to attach importance to the great influence that logistics has upon economic growth. We need to, on the basis of indraught, reference, and study the modern logistics theory, absorb some successful experience, find out a modern logistics development pattern that fits the characteristic of the local area, so that to accelerate the continual and rapid growth.

攀枝花市作为一个新兴的工业城市，在全面建设小康进程中，要实现经济总量翻番、在全省率先实现现代化的战略目标，应充分重视现代物流对经济增长的重要作用，需要在对现代物流的理论进行引入、借鉴、研究的基础上，注意吸收国内外的成功经验，探索出适应本地区特点的现代物流发展战略，这对于攀枝花市保持经济稳定、健康、可持续增长具有重要意义。

During a practical project Folk-custom Square of Enshi, the author analyzes the difficulty of connection between traditional building and modern architecture and discusses the method that could introject the national symbol and modern city, proceeding with traditional building and village and combining the reality In order to embody national characteristic, accelerate the development of modern city and suffice the request of modernization.

摘要该文论述了恩施清江风情园实际项目的设计过程中，从地区传统民居与聚落入手，结合当地的实际情况，深入分析在现阶段中小城市发展中，传统建筑与现代城市结合的难点，探讨在现阶段地区传统标志性建筑与现代城市的整合方式，以期达到即能体现地区特色又能促进城市发展，满足城市现代化进程的要求。

This article tries to analyze the depth and breadth of Chinese modern national character research in theoretical perspective; The theoretical visual angle it chosen is a kind of cultural comparing research macroscopic threshold;"The Chinese question" globalization goes through the historical perpetual flow; Standing on such dynamic platform, this article reveals multi-dimensionality meanings of cultural anthropology, sociology, psychology, politics and ethnology which the question refers to, and analyzes the thinking course of modern people seeking conscious liberation; It resets the national character question into the space which Chinese modern national politic salvation and culture enlightenment exist in to prove the national character's social value; Furthermore, it opens up and develops the profoundly influencing inertia, which is implicated in the generation's considering, inheriting, criticizing and innovating, thereby it gains some enlightenment of persons modernization through regressively examining.

文章力图对中国近代国民性问题研究的深度与广度进行理论透视，其选择的理论视角是一种文化比较研究的宏观界阈，站在&中国问题&逐步世界化这一贯通绵延历史长河的动态平台上，揭示中国近代国民性问题指涉的文化人类学、社会学、心理学、政治学、民族学的多维意蕴，透视近代国人寻求主体自觉解放的心路历程，将其还置于中国近代民族政治救亡和思想文化启蒙的生存空间中来求证其本寓的社会价值，并拓衍其代际省思、承继、批判以至创新所寓意的深远影响惯性，在逆向审视中获取人的现代化的某些启示。

This paper compares the traditional distanceeducational management systems with modern distance educational management systems and studies the distance educational management systems at home and abroad, on the basis of which a modern distance management system has been built to administer the modern distance education scient...

在对传统远程教育管理与现代远程教育管理的比较和对国内外远程教育管理系统的研究分析基础上，提出了一个现代远程教育管理模型，以期建立一个新型教育管理模式，对现代远程教育进行科学的管理

In modern music, the music elements mainly come from Jazz and there are closed connections between Jazz music and modern music development. This article will take it for index to discuss in correct orders, namely the fusion of music styles, the fusion of music and art, the fusion of music and technology and the fusion of music and social culture elements, to elaborate "fusion" is the main sourer of modern music development in this age, it's also the essential factor of boosting the development of musical variety.

现代音乐中音乐元素主要来源于爵士乐，而爵士乐与现代音乐的发展历程之间又有着紧密的联系，本文以此做为索引，依次探讨了音乐不同风格之间的融合、音乐与美术之间的融合、音乐与科技的融合和音乐与社会文化元素的融合来阐述&融合&是这个时代音乐发展的重要来源，也是推动音乐多元化发展的重要因素。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。