查询词典 models

Next, a few important friction models in common use are discussed, including six static and seven dynamic friction models. The forms, characteristics and applicability of these models are discussed in detail.

其次， 系统地介绍了几种较为重要的、常用的摩擦模型，包括6种静态摩擦模型和7种动态摩擦模型，并对每一种模型的构成，特点和适用范围等进行了较为详细地论述。

First of all, because the teaching the definition of Frequency and Equiprobability models are basic knowledge of Probability, and they lay a solid foundation for the subsequent studying probability, the method of computer imitation trials in the teaching of Frequency has obvious effect, so does the audio-visual models in the teaching of Equiprobability models.

首先，频率定义与古典概型是概率的基础知识，并且为概率的后续学习提供坚实基础，因此它们的教学尤为重要。

In advance of reviewing probability for Senior Three students, the author gave an exam of probability. On the basis of analyzing the results, the author carried out a group of teaching strategies, the author reviewed the definition of Frequency by computer imitation trials and Equiprobability models by various Probability models, and distinguished Exclusive Events and Independent Events by examples, and described Variable Distribution by means of various Probability models.

在高三概率复习前夕，进行一次概率测试，在测试分析的基础上，采取有针对性的教学策略，利用计算机模拟试验复习频率定义；用各种模型进行古典定义的教学；运用实例辨析互斥事件与相互独立事件；借助各种概率模型描述随机变量分布列。

The heat transfer models, flow models and the physical equations, which are of small calculating error and less limit for the parameters used, are also considered as the subsidiary models.

辅助模型包括考虑了各种流型及强迫循环与自然循环等各种因素的传热模型、流动模型以及精心挑选的参数覆盖范围大，误差小，计算方便的物性方程等。

There are totally five chapters in the paper. Chapter 1 is the introduc-tion,and extreme value theory and methods and modelling for returns fat tails are introduced systematically in Chapter 2.This chapter also presents mean excess function and de Haan's moment estimate to decide on the reasonable exceedance threshold. Chapter 3 describes in detail non-linear time series mod-els such as GARCH models and the corresponding statistical inferences,and it also gives modelling and statistical analysis methods for returns series. Chap-ter 4 uses the models in Chapter 2 to analyzes the daily returns for Shanghai complex index and Shenzhen complex index in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets. Chapter 5 applies the models in Chapter 3 to the volatility analysis of the two stock indices returns.

论文总共五章：第一章是引言部分；第二章系统介绍了极值理论方法和收益率厚尾的建模方法，给出了平均剩余函数法和de Haan矩估计相结合的方法确定合理的超越门限；第三章详细论述了非线性时间序列模型GARCH类模型及其统计推断，并且给出了收益率时间序列波动的建模和统计分析方法；第四章利用第二章的模型对国内沪深两市大盘指数上证综指和深证综指日收益率数据分布的厚尾进行了实证分析；第五章将第三章的模型应用到两个股指日收益率时间序列的波动分析。

Two kinds of models by estimating pool equations and panel estimation have been constructed. Based on the idea of Reduced Form Model, by adopting lags-adjustment or not, time-series dynamics models of the fluctuation of urban residential real estate market, in which the endogenetic and the exogenous sensitive variable include, have been estimated. In logarithmic form the models are applied in a case.

同时，借助缩约模型的基本思想，将住宅市场波动的外生和内生敏感性因素纳入到城市住宅市场的动态分析中，从纵向角度引入非时滞调整和时滞调整的两类模式，构筑了不同形式的住宅市场波动的时序动态模型，采用对数模型估算案例城市商品住宅市场的时序动态波动状况。

Exponential family nonlinear models, or generalized nonlinear models are generalized from generalized linear models and nonlinear regression.

指数族非线性模型或广义非线性模型是广义线性模型和正态回归模型的自然推广。

The early references include -[5], which are based on the linear models or generalized linear models; on the other hand, [6]-[10] are those based on the nonlinear models which are more practical. But they are all restricted in the exponential family of distributions. That will not practice in most of the trials. Although being the most flexible among them, the estimation methods in [1] has many disadvantages for requiring the model to be generalized linear. Based on [1], this paper extended the method to the generalized nonlinear model.

较早的如[1]-[5]，他们都是基于线性或广义线性模型进行分析研究；而基于更为实用的非线性模型的研究则有：[6]-[10]等，他们大多由于模型要求数据属于指数分布族或者模型假定为线性模型，这都限制了模型的实用性，其中以[1]所提的一系列广义线性估计方程实用范围较广，但其模型中要求的广义线性模型还是具有一定的局限性。

We definite and study the very extensive nonlinear random effect models, i. e. exponential family nonlinear models with random effect, then we employ the Laplace methods to deal with these models. Based on this method, the fixed effect parameter estimates and Gauss-Newton formula are obtained. Some asymptotic properties of estimate are proved under some mild assumptions.

首次定义并研究了一类非常广泛的非线性随机效应模型-指数族非线性随机效应模型，并应用Laplace展开方法，给出该模型中固定效应参数的估计以及Gauss Netown选代算法，同时讨论了参数估计的渐近性质。

For separable and continous exponential family models (such as normal, gamma, and inverse Gaussian models), this paper discusses the tests for departures from nominal dispersion in the framework of longitudinal nonlinear models with varying dispersion and/or random effects. The score test statistics are constructed and their asymptotic distributions and local powers are derived.

本文针对可分的连续型指数族回归模型（如正态模型，Γ模型，逆高斯模型），讨论广义非线性纵向数据模型中偏离名义离差的检验问题，得到了检验的score统计量，并推导了它们的渐近分布和局部近似功效。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了