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The experiment results indicate that the training of context-independent phone models and of allophone models are reliable using this method.

实验结果表明，使用给出的方法，可以实现对与发音语境的无关音素模型，以及异音模型的可靠训练。

Before training distribution-shared allophone models for continuous speech recognition,it is context-independent phone models that have to be trained.

摘 要 在语音识别中，为了得到分布共享的异音模型，先要知道与发音语境无关的音素模型。

Paper studies the practical stability of electricity market models by tools, for example, the appropriate structure Lyapunov functions, Cauchy matrix, the matrix measure, constant variation. Judging practical stability sufficient conditions and estimating formula of ultimate convergence boundary are provided. Conditions are descriptive by coefficients of models. At the same time, paper studies the Lyapunov stability of the electricity market. As well as the sufficient conditions of judging electricity market Lyapunov stability are provided. Some of conclusions improved the results of Alvarado and others. The conclusion of Lyapunov stability has made a comparative with practical results.

首次将实用稳定性理论和方法应用于电力市场稳定性的研究中，借助于构造合适的Lyapunov函数、柯西矩阵、矩阵测度、常数变易法等工具，系统研究了所建电力市场模型的实用稳定性，得到了用模型的系数来描述其实用稳定性的一系列判定条件和最终收敛边界的估计公式；同时对电力市场的Lyapunov稳定性进行了研究，得到了电力市场稳定性的若干判据，部分结论改进了Alvarado等人的结果；随后将Lyapunov稳定的结果与实用稳定进行了比较。

METHODS: Adult male Wistar rats, 9 weeks of age, were injected intraperitoneally with STZ to create diabetes. At 2 week after the models were created, BDNF protein was administered into the vitreous cavities of rats. At 4 week after the models were created, the rats were killed and the retina was removed for Western blotting and Whole-mount immunohistochemistry for TH to observe the changes of TH and dopaminergic amacrine cells in retina.

9周龄Wistar大鼠，链脲佐菌素（streptozotocin，STZ）腹腔注射，制成糖尿病模型，于模型建立2wk后，大鼠眼玻璃体内注射BDNF溶液，于模型建立4wk后，处死大鼠，取出眼球，取视网膜组织进行Western blotting及视网膜铺片免疫组织化学染色检测，观察视网膜中TH水平的变化，从而反映糖尿病大鼠视网膜中多巴胺能无长突细胞水平的变化。

The force analysis models and the analytic solutions of the type transformation units of the geared linkage mechanism were given, the forceanalysis models were perfected.

给出了齿轮连杆机构型转化法力分析单元的模型及显式解，完善了齿轮连杆机构力分析的数学模型。

In the CAD system for progressive dies, the method is introduced to automatically generate geometric models of stampings through inputting the product drawings by AutoCAD and picking-up the entity information from DXF files and programming with ObjectARX and C＋＋ language, at the same time, generating algorithm of close contour lines and unidirectional chain-table structure are used to express the models of stampings, the class and direct judgment of contour lines are realized and the entity existing side is judged by analytical geometry, which efficiently solves the problem of automatic input of drawings of stamping and providing information of process planning and mold design.

在级进模CAD系统中，将产品的图形信息以AutoCAD直接绘图形式输入到计算机中，从AutoCAD的图形交换文件中提取信息，采用面向对象的二次开发工具ObjectARX和C＋＋语言编写接口程序，并通过封闭轮廓的生成算法自动生成冲裁零件的几何模型，且用单向链表的形式加以表达，同时对冲裁零件图形的轮廓进行分类与走向判定，采用简单的解析几何方法对实体存在侧进行判定，有效地实现了零件图形的自动输入，为级进模CAD系统的工艺计算和模具工作部分的设计等提供了必要的信息。

Firstly, mathematical models for describing the 3D structure of anthocaulus, receptacle, calyx, petal, androecium and pistil are proposed basing on observing and analyzing the 3D structure of apple flower and inflorescence. At the same time, parameters for controlling these models are extracted. Secondly, the reconstruction of 3D structure of apple flower and inflorescence is implemented by integrating its topological structure information.

通过对苹果花及花序形态结构的观测分析，分别提出了描述花柄、花托、花萼、花瓣、雄蕊和雌蕊三维形态结构的数学模型，并提取了模型的控制参数；进一步整合苹果花及花序的拓扑结构信息，实现了苹果花及花序的三维重建。

In comparison with existing models,the derived models possess higher accuracy,are applicable to high and low elevation angles and targets located in lower atmosphere and ionosphere,have no restriction of range,do not involve the problem of apparent elevation angle rate and are convenient in practice.

与现有模型比较，所得模型精度较高，适用于高低仰角，目标可在低层大气与电离层内，没有距离限制，不涉及视在仰角变化率问题，便于实际应用。

Models for the electromagnetic interaction between the target and trunks or between the trunks and trunks are developed, and these models are used to derive the coherent fields scattered by the target and fractal forest. Then, the polarization angular correlation function is calculated by using azimuthal angular averaging, and used to detection target buried in forest.

本文用L系统对森林环境进行了理论建模；研究了有限长分层介质圆柱的树干散射模型；分析了倾斜粗糙地面上树干及分形树的电磁散射特性；讨论了环境对确定目标电磁散射特性的影响；研究了环境与隐蔽目标复合电磁散射，用角相关函数、极化角相关函数对隐蔽目标进行了检测。

Based on these periodic models, this paper also creates aperiodic scheduling algorithm models of BS and DS which take account of the load distribution of high priority periodic tasks.

基于这些周期性调度模型，在不修改任务源码的条件下，通过在目标嵌入式系统中利用来自宿主桌面计算机的营养资源调节周期性任务的启动时延改善系统的整体实时性能。

Article 144 The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall maintain the policy previously practised in Hong Kong in respect of subventions for non-governmental organizations in fields such as education, medicine and health, culture, art, recreation, sports, social welfare and social

第一百四十四条香港特别行政区政府保持原在香港实行的对教育、医疗卫生、文化、艺术、康乐、体育、社会福利、社会工作等方面的民间团体机构的资助政策。原在香港各资助机构任职的人员均可根据原有制度继续受聘。

Small wonder, then, that the Chinese spend more in the shop than any other group of foreign visitors do .

这样的小惊喜，使中国顾客比任何国家的人消费得更多。