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There are eight main hypotheses about the selective factors on evolution of endothermy in animals, including Thermal Niche Expansion Model, Homeothermy and Metabolic Efficiency Model, Decreasing Body Size Model, Postural Change Model, Increasing Brain Size Model, Aerobic Capacity Model, Parental Care Model and Assimilation Capacity Model.

内温性起源的选择因子包括8个模型：热生态位扩展模型、恒温与代谢效率模型、降低个体大小模型、姿势改变模型、增加脑大小模型、有氧呼吸能力模型、双亲行为模型和同化能力模型。

Discussion topics include data analysis, probability concepts, point and interval estimation, statistical inference, hypothesis testing, simple regression model, inference in the simple regression model, general linear statistical model, dummy variables, collinearity, heteroscasticity, autocorrelation, error-related model, the Probit model, the Logit model and the Tobit model, simultaneous equations, and the time-series statistical model

讨论的主题包括实证资料的分析，机率，点估计与区间估计，统计推论，假设检定，简单回归分析，一般线性统计模型与推论，虚拟变数，共线性问题，异质变异数，自我相关， Probit模型， Logit与Tobit模型，联立方程式的估计与推论，时间数列统计模型。

Through hang together the simplex data model based on dissection and conventional GIS data model, we develop a integrated and polymorphic model, object oriented unified model of tessellated simplex and conventional GIS, which convenient to inherit and congregate. The model manage the abstracted data accord to 4 level factor, that is geometry object model, topologic geometry object view model and geography object model.

论文采用面向对象的方法把基于剖分的单纯形数据模型与传统的GIS数据模型结合在一起，提出并建立了一个便于继承、组合、多态的较完整的三维数据模型与结构一面向对象的单纯形剖分与GIS一体化三维数据模型。

Using Basket warrants transaction data on TSEC from September 4, 1997 to June 25, 2001, the combination of four volatility models classical history volatility,Parkinson's(1980 high, low history volatility model,Garman and Klass's(1980) high, low, opening, closing history volatility model,Trippi's(1977) equal weights implied volatility model with two pricing models Black and Sholes's(1973 option pricing model, henceforth BS pricing model,Chen and Cheng's(2000) basket option pricing model, henceforth CC pricing model are discussed on valuation performance to obtain superior basket warrant pricing model.

摘要本文利用1997年9月4日至2001年6月26日间在台湾证券交易所发行且已到期的组合型认购权证，使用四种波动性估计模型历史波动性模型，Parkinson(1980的最高，最低价历史波动性模型，Garman and Klass(1980)的最高，最低，开盘，收盘价历史波动性模型，Trippi(1977)的等加权平均隐含波动性模型与Black and Sholes(1973)选择权评价模式，陈松男与郑翔尹(2000)的组合型权证评价模式配对成八种评价模式，并比较其评价绩效，冀期能得到一较佳的组合型认购权证评价模式。

Modify the model by FreeForm software and dissecte the model of haunch bone; import the 3D visible model of haunch bone into Ansys8.0 software. Add mechanics parameter to the haunch bone model, construct 3D finite element model of acetabulum. 2、On the base of common fracture line of acetabular posterior wall fracture in clinical cases, split the acetabular 3D finite element model according to 1/3, 2/3, 3/3 areas fractures of posterior wall after simplify setting, obtain four types of acetabular posterior wall fracture model(including normal condition of acetabulum).

按髋臼骨折Letournel分类标准并根据临床髋臼后壁骨折病例常见骨折线位置，进行简化设定，依次按后壁1／3，2／3，3／3面积骨折将髋臼三维有限元模型后壁进行拆分，获得三种髋臼后壁骨折状态的有限元模型；再模拟双足直立位对髋骨约束设定，分别对后壁正常及不同面积骨折状态模型进行加载，获取各模型应力分布图并记录臼顶负重区、髋臼前壁和剩余后壁在不同后壁骨折状态下应力分布大小及改变。

UA of blood of group of model Ⅰ,Ⅱ is elevatory (P.01), and UA of serum of group of Ⅰ of model of; of above of tenability 48 H is in 6, 24, 36, 48 H all group of Ⅱ of prep above model, model Ⅱ group is in 24, 36, group of Ⅲ of model of 48 H prep above (value of UA of serum of group of Ⅲ of model of P.05,.01); is in after building a model 6, 12, 24, 36 H apparent prep above contrasts group (P.01), it is normal that 48 H restores to come.

模型Ⅰ、Ⅱ组血UA升高(P.01)，且可维持48 h以上；模型Ⅰ组血清UA在6、24、36、48 h均高于模型Ⅱ组，模型Ⅱ组在24、36、48 h高于模型Ⅲ组(P.05、。01)；模型Ⅲ组血清UA值在造模后6、12、24、36 h明显高于对照组(P.01)，48 h恢复至正常。

After reviewed the process of Mitsubishi Corporation's business model change, this thesis analyze the trend and evolution of its business model from the view of value chain and business structure and then summarized three value chain model of total solution business model: core business expansion model, vertical and horizontal development model and research and development model.

本文在对三菱商事株式会社的商业模式的变革过程进行系统地回顾后，进而从价值链和业务结构的角度对其商业模式的演变和趋势进行了进一步分析。

The main function of the system is described, and data types of database and the operation modules of model-base are also discussed. The flight path marking model, protected-area auto-generating model, obstructer extracting model, obstructer threat evaluation model, flight conflict avoiding model and flight ordering model are used in flight procedure management. After sufficiently elucidating the system structure and function, the assistant decision-making process supported by the system for chief officers is analyzed finally.

首先描述了该系统的主要功能，讨论了系统数据库的数据类型和模型库的远行模块，指出通过航迹标称模型、保护区自动生成模型、障碍物提取模型、障碍物威胁程度评估模型、飞行冲突避让模型、飞机进场离场排序模型等对军机飞行程序进行合理管理，最后在对系统结构与功能充分阐释的基础上，分析了该系统为指挥员提供辅助决策的流程。

Among used machine learning methods, the gradient descent method is widely used to train various classifiers, such as Back-propagation neural network and linear text classifier. However, the gradient descent method is easily trapped into a local minimum and slowly converges. Thus, this study presents a gradient forecasting search method based on prediction methods to enhance the performance of the gradient descent method in order to develop a more efficient and precise machine learning method for Web mining.However, a prediction method with few sample data items and precise forecasting ability is a key issue to the gradient forecasting search method. Applying statistic-based prediction methods to implement GFSM is unsuitable because they require a large number of data items to model a prediction model. In the contrast with statistic-based prediction methods, GM(1,1) grey prediction model does not need a large number of data items to build a prediction model, and it has low computational load. However, the original GM(1,1) grey prediction model uses a mathematical hypothesis and approximation to transform a continuous differential equation into a discrete difference equation in order to model a forecasting model.

其中梯度法是一个最常被使用来实现机器学习的方法之一，然而梯度法具有学习速度慢以及容易陷入局部最佳解的缺点，因此，本研究提出一个梯度预测搜寻法则(gradient forecasting search method， GFSM)来改善传统梯度法的缺点，用来提升一些以梯度学习法则为基础的分类器在资讯探勘上的效率与正确性；而一个所需资料量少、计算复杂度低且精确的预测模型是梯度预测搜寻法能否有效进行最佳解搜寻之关键因素，传统统计为基础之预测方法的缺点是需要较大量的数据进行预测，因此计算复杂度高，灰色预测模型具有建模资料少且计算复杂度低等优点，然而灰色预测理论以连续之微分方程式为基础，并且透过一些数学上的假设与近似，将连续之微分方程式转换成离散之差分方程式来对离散型资料进行建模及预测，这样的作法不尽合理，且缺乏数学理论上的完备性，因为在转换过程中已经造成建模上的误差，且建模过程仅考虑相邻的两个资料点关系，无法正确反应数列未来的变化趋势。

Based on the energy sensing, there are cooperative spectrum detection algorithms such as AND model, OR model, counting model, double threshold model, likelihood ratio model, linear cooperation model, and Distributed Wireless Communications System model.

基于能量检测，协作频谱检测的算法主要有：与算法、或算法、计数算法、分区算法、似然比算法、线性加权算法和分布式无线通信系统算法。

Now she was hungry and angry.She began to smoulder.

现在她又饿又气，她开始流露难以抑制的怒火。

You have placed our iniquities before You, Our secret sins in the light of Your presence.

诗90：8 你将我们的罪孽摆在你面前、将我们的隐恶摆在你面光之中。