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The characteristic of fuel consumption at aero-engine afterburning condition was analyzed.Based on the fact that the efficiency of main combustor is higher than that of the afterburner,this article puts minimum fuel consumption mode into use at aero-engine afterburning condition.

分析了发动机加力状态燃油消耗的特点，利用主燃烧室燃烧效率远大于加力燃烧室燃烧效率的特点，将性能寻优控制中的最小油耗模式扩展至加力状态。

The characteristic of fuel consumption at aero-engine afterburning condition was analyzed. Based on the fact that the efficiency of main combustor is higher than that of the afterburner, this article puts minimum fuel consumption mode into use at aero-engine afterburning condition.

分析了发动机加力状態燃油消耗的特点，利用主燃烧室燃烧效率远大於加力燃烧室燃烧效率的特点，將性能寻优控制中的最小油耗模式扩展至加力状態。

Result］ The new buds and petals of I.germanica was proper to be used as explant of tissue culture, with lower browning rate compared with other positions. The well situated tissue block of explant (3 mm×3 mm×3 mm) might reduce browning rate. Adding 0.1%Vc or 0.3% active carbon in medium had obvious effect on preventing tissue browning. The exogenous hormone 2 mg/L 6-BA was easy to lead to brownness turning, and 2 mg/L Kt and 2 mg/L NAA brought less effect to tissue browning. When using disinfectants of alcohol, its dipping time of 5～10 s for explant was the best, with the minimum browning rate. The culture under full illumination condition was liable to induce brownness turning, compared with other cultured conditions, the brownness turning could be restrained effectively by using imitating artificial climate condition for culture.

结果］ 鸢尾的新生芽和花瓣较适宜作组织培养的外植体，与其他部位相比褐变率较低；外植体组织块适中（3 mm×3 mm×3 mm）可降低褐变率；在培养基中加入0.1%Vc或0.3%活性炭对防止组织褐化效果明显；外源激素2 mg/L 6-BA易引发褐变，2 mg/L Kt和2 mg/L NAA对组织褐变影响不大；使用乙醇消毒剂时，对外植体浸泡时间以5～10 s为佳，褐变率最低；全光照条件培养容易诱发褐变，采用仿人工气候条件培养较其他条件培养可有效抑制褐变的发生。

The following types of licensing practices have been found to be contrary to US antitrust law: Requiring a licensee to purchase separate unpatented products as a condition of obtaining the license for a patented product; Requiring mandatory package licensing; Forming a cartel through exclusive cross-licensing; Using a patent, trademark or trade secret as the basis for an agreement that restrains where, how or to whom a patented product is disposed of in the US after the licenser or licensee has sold the product to an independent purchaser; Agreeing in relation to a license that no further licenses will be granted to a third party without the licensee's consent; Requiring a licensee to adhere to any specified or minimum price for the licensee's sale of the licensed products; Insisting as a condition of the license that the licensee pay royalties in an amount not reasonably related to the licensee's sale of products covered by the licensed rights; Attempting to enforce a patent license or collect a royalty beyond the term of the patent (the same reasoning could apply to attempts to enforce or collect royalties on a license based on know-how that has entered the public domain); and Requiring a licensee to agree in advance to grant back to the licenser title or an exclusive license on any new patents or trade secrets related to the licensed technology rights that the licensee may obtain or develop.

下列许可行为被认为违反了美国反垄断法：●要求被许可方购买另外非专利产品作为获得某一专利产品许可的条件；以强制性一揽子方式提供许可；通过独占交叉许可组建一个企业联盟；利用一项专利，商标或商业秘密作为协议的基础，在许可方或被许可方将某一专利产品卖给一位独立买家后，限制该产品在美国的处理地点，方式和交易对象；规定某一许可在未获被许可方同意的情况下，不再向任何第三方发放许可；要求被许可方在销售其获得许可的产品时遵守特定的或最低价格；对于销售受许可权利保护的产品，要求被许可方支付不合理的特许权使用费，并以此作为获得许可的条件；试图超出专利范围强加一项专利许可或对其收取特许权使用费(同一理由可适用于试图根据已进入公共领域的技术秘密强加一项专利许可或对其收取特许权使用费)；以及对于被许可方可能获得或拥有的与被许可技术权利相关的任何新专利或商业秘密，要求被许可方事先同意向许可方回授有关权利或专属许可。

Windows Aero requires high system specifications in order to work, with the minimum requirements of at least 1 GHz 32-bit (x86) or 64-bit (x64) processor, 1 GB of system memory and a DirectX 9 compatible graphics accelerator processor card with a minimum of 128 MB of Video RAM, installed with Windows Display Driver Model driver.

Windows Aero的要求高，系统规格，为了工作，符合最低要求，至少1 GHz 32位（ x86 ）或64位（ x64 ）处理器，为1 GB的系统记忆体，以及支持DirectX 9兼容的图形加速器处理器卡与最小128 MB的视讯RAM ，安装与Windows显示驱动模型的驱动程序。

A computational formula of approximate value of minimum point and minimum value for some particular functions was infered by interpolation method of equidistant points.

利用等距节点的插值的方法，推导出某些特殊函数的最小点及最小值的近似值的计算公式。

At last, two ratio problems are discussed. The first is the minimum ratio spanning arborescence problem, and the second is the minimum ratio facility location problem on an undirected network.

4比值问题，即如何求网络中的最小比值树形图的问题和如何在无向网络中以最小比值为目标进行选址的问题。

17 Output smoothing Because a bleeder sets a minimum current drain, the regulation of the circuit, defined as percentage voltage change from minimum to maximum load, is improved.

由于分压器设置了最小漏电流，电路的调整定义成最小负载到最大负载电压变化的百分比。

It is obviously that a planar point set has innumerable circumscribled circles. To get a minimum circumscribled circle, a mathematical model is built to transform the problem of getting a minimum circumscribled circle to the problem of optimizing function and to solve the function optimization with genetic algorithm.

为求得最小的包容圆，建立了求平面点列包容圆的数学模型，将求最小包容圆问题转化为函数优化问题，并用遗传算法解决了这个函数最优解的求解问题。

It showed the correctness of the criteria of roundness error and relationship between the minimum zone circle, minimum circumscribed circle and maximum inscribed circle and the effectiveness of the methods for evaluation of roundness error.

也验证了圆度误差判别准则及最小区域圆、最小外接圆和最大内接圆特征点间的相互关系的准确性和误差评定方法的有效性。

Through comparing with the results by simulation to study the effects of theprojectile"s final velocity, the angle of rotation and the ballistic trajectory"s migration withdifferent projectile"s rotating speeds, different target"s moving speeds and differentpenetration angles.

通过比较数值模拟的结果来研究不同弹头转速、目标速度、侵彻角对侵彻过程中弹头最终速度、翻转角度和弹道偏移的影响。

I love stationery and all the accoutrement of writing.

我爱文具以及所有的书写的工具装备。