查询词典 metonymy

The collapse of the case system, cognitive factors and language contact motivated these changes, while reanalysis or metonymy and subjectification are the deep mechanisms.

本文中所涉及到的汉语被动结构包括以&被&、&教&、&叫&、&让&和&给&为标志词构成的被动结构。

This chapter starts with the determination of primary sense of under. Then it focuses on how its spatial senses are extended from the central image schema to its transformations by metonymy. Next, this part also focuses on how its metaphorical senses are extended in terms of the central image schema and transformations by metaphor. In these analyses, this thesis summarizes four kinds of relations: the relation of UP-DOWN, the relation of HIGH-LOW, COVERING relation or the relation of IN-OUT and the relation of SOURCE-PATH-GOAL. Lots of metaphorical senses of under are derived from these basic spatial relations. In this thesis, the relations between the senses derived from central image schema and those derived from its transformations are explored at length. The relations between the spatial senses derived from central image schema and transformations and the metaphorical senses derived from them are also explored at length. The above analyses demonstrate that the sense extension of the spatial preposition is motivated by image schema, which also provides the root for metonymic and metaphorical extension. The semantic network of under is diagramed finally.

论文首先确定了under的首要意义；然后集中探讨了它的空间意义如何从中心意象图式，通过转喻形成许多变体，从而得以延伸；接着分析了它的隐喻意义如何从中心意象图式及其变体通过隐喻而得以延伸，在此分析中，本论文总结了四种关系：上—下关系﹑高—低关系﹑覆盖关系或里—外关系和起点—路径—目标关系，under的很多隐喻意义源于这些基本的空间关系；本论文还对源于中心意象图式的空间意义与源于其变体的空间意义的关系进行了详细的剖析；对源于中心意象图式与其变体的空间意义及其延伸的隐喻意义之间的关系，也同样进行了详细的剖析；通过分析论证了，意象图式是空间介词义项扩展的源泉，同时也为转喻和隐喻提供了基础；最后得出under的语义网络。

At the phonological level, foregrounding is fulfilled through the reoccurrence of the identical sound. Nonce-formations, abbreviations, blends and sense-shift attain lexical foregrounding, and the frequent use of the shorts words and numbers also functions. At the syntactic level, foregrounded features are embodied in the frequent use of active voice and quotations, and also the peculiar use of the tenses. Foregrounding at the semantic level principally turns up in the news headlines. It is the use of metaphor, synecdoche, metonymy and pun that helps to bring the potential of the linguistic elements into full play.

从语相层来看，体育新闻报道通过对标点符号的特殊使用、拼写的变异以及排版方式来实现前景化；从音位层来看，前景化靠对同一音素的复现来实现；从词汇层来看，新词的创造、词汇的缩略、混成及旧词新义等实现了对常规语言的偏离，此外，频繁使用短小词和数字也将报道推向前景；句法层上，体育新闻报道则通过对主动语态、引语等的频繁使用和时态的特殊用法来实现前景化；语义层的前景化主要集中在新闻标题中暗喻、提喻、转喻及双关等的使用。

Different from traditional linguistics, the cognitive linguistics says the metaphor and the metonymy are important way of cognition and thought. They are not only vivified our expression but also enriched our vocabulary.

与传统语言学不同，认知语言学认为隐喻和转喻是人类认知方式和思维方式发展的重要因素，它不仅使我们的语言表达更加传神而且极大地丰富了我们的词汇。

In addition, metonymy is taken as the crucial bases for metaphors, and relative metonymies are also taken as crucial bases for cognitive transfer to serve as metaphors, such as EMOTION IS PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT and EMOTION IS BEHAVIORAL REACTION.

除此之外，本文将转喻和隐喻同样视为认知转换的重要来源，因此，由转喻机制而来的认知转换又包含：情绪是生理反应以及情绪是行为反应，也纳入隐喻的表现来讨论。

Considerable attention has been assigned to such positive functions of metonymy, yet relatively little study has been made on the negative effects caused by the use of metonymies whenever selection, politeness, culture, value and other s...

然而，本文注意到，如果借代语用过程中，忽略诸如选择、礼貌、文化、价值观等社会需要因素，势必会造成交际负面影响，此类现象也应得到应有的重视和研究。

In addition, there are entrenched uses of referential metonymies observed in our corpus data, which reveals how our recurrent interaction with outer environment gives rise to the saliency of particular concepts and how these concepts, universal or culture-specific alike, further lead to language routinization.

除此之外，本篇研究观察到固定化指涉转喻(entrenched referential metonymy)的现象，我们认为这种固定化的转喻起因於人类与外在环境或文化社群的不断互动，当某些概念在互动过程中一再地被突显，这些概念将会频繁地被使用作转喻的来源范畴，并且进一步固定成惯例化的语言形式。

Metaphor is closely linked to other "tropes" like metonymy and personification coming up in this dissertation.

情感领域最能体现隐喻受制于人类的身体经验的观点。

The mechanism in such process is ' interrelating ', which embodies the relationship of metonymy between two components in this framework.

这个过程中的机理为&拈连&手段，它体现该框架中自主依存的转喻关系。

Based on prototype theory and following the principle of family resemblance, cognitive process of lexical polysemy is established through prototype shift and prototype split and by the cognitive mechanisms such as image schema, metonymy and metaphor.

词义多义化的认知过程是以原型理论为基础，家族相似性为原则，通过原型转换和原型裂变这两大基本途径，在意象图式、转喻和隐喻等认知机制作用下形成的。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新