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Material and Methods:From March,2008 to January,2009,250 patients(146 Males and 104 Females,ranged from 18 to 82 years old,mean age was 48 years old) enrolled in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College were performed dual energy scan(Group A,200 patients) and Neuro-DSA scan(Group B,50 patients) using DSCT.The patients were randomly divided into Group A and Group B.Regarding to the justification of scan protocol,100 patients in Group A were selected as sub-group to explore the scan protocol.The image quality Was analyzed both in four categories(4.0/60、4.5/60、4.0/70、4.5/70) of flow rate and total amount of contrast-enhanced material and in three categories(100—150HU、150—200HU、200-250HU) of CT value of left common carotid artery.The comparison of two scan approach was based on image quality,radiation does, postprocessing methods,time of scanning and subtraction and data storage amount.To validate the diagnostic capability of DE-CTA virtual unenhanced images,100 patients in Group A were undergoing head scan both in routine non-contrast program and DE-CTA virtual unenhanced program.Mean CT values,signal-to-noise ratio,image quality,sensitivity of lesion identification,and radiation does were applied to comparison.According to diagnostic results of dual energy of cerebral arterial angiography,62 patients out of 200 patients in Group A were confirmed with cerebral vessel lesions,the results were complied with DSA findings(the time between the two methods were within 1 week).

材料与方法收集2008年3月到2009年1月间在昆明医学院第一附属医院行DSCT CTA检查者250例(男性146例，女性104例，年龄范围18-82岁，平均48岁)，随机分为A、B两组，A组200例行双能量头颅CTA扫描；B组50例行Neuro-DSA扫描。A组前100例按对比剂不同流率和总量分为4组(4.0/60、4.5/60、4.0/70、4.5/70)对图像质量比较；按触发时左颈总动脉内平均CT位分3组(100—150HU、150—200HU、200-250HU)，比较图像质量的差异；对A、B两组血管图像质量、辐射剂量、后处理的方法、扫描和后处理时间及数据的容量进行比较分析；A组中前100例行常规与DE-CTA虚拟平扫的平均CT值、信号噪声比、图像质量、病灶显示情况、辐射剂量的比较分析；A组中行DSA检查62例(两种方法间隔时间均1周内)，比较两种检查方法诊断结果是否符合，并对其中24例动脉瘤行动脉瘤部位、数目、形态、瘤颈显示程度、瘤颈大小及瘤体长径和短径的比较研究。

Due to its good effect in the reservation of information of signal abrupt change, mathematical morphology is often applied in the detection and location of short-term power quality disturbance, however, there is still a defect of invalid detection existing in partial detection methods based on mathematical morphology while some zero-crossing disturbances are detected. In this paper three mathematical morphology based disturbance detection and location methods, i.e., the method based on first-order derivation and morphological gradient, the method based on morphological gradient and soft threshold processing and the method based on dq decomposition and top-hat transform, are analyzed, that is, by means of simulation the adaptability of these methods in the analysis on the signals of voltage sag, voltage swell and electromagnetic transient oscillation is compared.

数学形态学因其在保留信号突变点信息方面有很好的效果，因此常用于短时电能质量扰动的检测和定位，但基于数学形态学的部分方法仍存在对某些过零点扰动检测失效的缺点，文章分析了3种基于数学形态学的扰动检测和定位方法，即基于1阶求导和形态梯度的方法、基于形态梯度和软阈值处理的方法、基于dq分解和高帽变换的方法，通过仿真比较了3种方法在分析电压暂降、电压暂升、电磁暂态振荡等信号方面的适应性，结果发现基于dq分解和高帽变换的方法在检测过零点扰动时具有很好的效果，因此选取这种方法对实测扰动数据进行了检测和定位分析。

The second part for 2-5, carried on the detailed treatise to each step of the article frame. Among them, chapter 2 mainly introduces the theories of total value management and real estate, paves the way to analyze the next substances; chapter 3 introduces the basic theories on value engineering and the significance of value engineering application in project decision-making, and finally indicates the processes and methods of value engineering application in project decision-making with particular analysis of a case; Chapter 4 describes the management of customer value, this part use the factorization methods and factorize the factor of customer value, establishes the step analysis evaluation model, use the SPSS software to analysis the data, scooping out the "latitude degree" that concealed, which customers pay attention to. According to these, this part puts forward the factor classification and improvement; Chapter 5 describes the society responsibilities that the real estate enterprises should afford, constructs a system of target about society value management and poses the specific methods of society value management.

第二部分是本文的主体部分，为二到五章，第二章主要介绍了全面价值管理和房地产的基本理论，为下面的分析做好基础；第三章介绍了价值工程的基本原理以及应用价值工程的意义，并通过案例与理论的结合，论述了价值工程在项目决策应用中的程序和方法；第四章介绍了顾客价值的管理，这部分尝试用因子分析方法把顾客价值因素作为变量，建立顾客价值管理的层级评价模型，利用SPSS统计软件对调查数据进行分析，挖掘变量背后掩藏的"纬度"，即顾客关注的大的价值要素，并根据这些要素的重要性提出了价值要素分类以及改进的思想；第五章描述了房地产企业应承担的社会责任，构建了房地产企业社会价值管理指标体系，并指出了其进行社会价值管理的具体办法。

Such methods are generally decreasing method, such as, feasible direction methods, constrained variable metric methods, etc.

这种算法一般为下降算法，如可行方向法、约束变尺度法等。

In Chapter 4, the related mathematical knowledge, methods and principles are presented which include mathematical morphology, Fourier transform and discrete cosine transform, illposed problem and corresponding regularization methods, basic iteration methods and preconditioning technologies.

回顾并比较了传统线性和非线性滤波方法，详细综述了从变分到PDE在图像滤噪与模糊恢复上的应用和发展，模型基本形式为无约束极小化问题：〓（1）惩罚算子L扩散形式为〓（2）Κ为扩散项，是调整扩散程度的关键因子。

It is stated systematically in the thesis the methods theories and measuring principle of all kinds of geostress determination technology. In particular the four methods recommended in 1987 by the committee of test method of the International Society of Rock Mechanics, i.e. two over-coring methods of strain relief in boreholes, hydraulic fracturing method and stress furbish measurement which measures the surface stress.

本文较为系统地、全面地介绍了当前国内外通用的各种地应力测量方法的理论、测量原理；特别就国际岩石力学学会试验方法委员会于1987年推荐的4种地应力测定方法(钻孔孔径变形测量法、钻孔孔壁应变测量法、水压致裂法以及测量岩体表面应力的应力恢复测量法)作了较为详细的叙述。

Various methods are adopted to have a comprehensive research. They are the methods of literature survey and comparison in chapter two to expound the related theories, the methods of case analysis, induction, citation in chapter three, chapter four and chapter five to analyze the payment system in FWT corporation, find out the inhere problems and advance their solutions.

本文采用多种方法进行综合研究：在论文的第二部分采用文献研究法、比较研究法来对薪酬的相关理论进行阐述；论文的三、四、五部分采用案例分析法、归纳总结法、理论联系实际、引用分析等方法来对具体的FWT公司的薪酬体系相关资料进行分析，从中找出问题、原因及解决问题的措施；运用经济学、企业管理学、组织行为学等多学科相关知识来研究，拓展了研究视野。

It is perfectly sound to pass a circle to move: the subclass inherits the methods of the superclass because these methods only operate on that part of the subclass' representation that is identical to the superclass' representation for which the methods were originally written.

对圆使用move函数是完美的：子类继承了其父类的方法，因为这些方法只作用於子类的某一部分，该部分与其父类的表示完全相同，而函数本来就是为其父类所写，所以其可以完美的作用於子类上。

Under the inducing and application of current network design methods to CIM-CN design, author presents some algorithms and methods in accordance with the characters of CIM-CN, for example splitting a large CIM-CN into several subnetworks using traffic matrix, synthetical review target architecture and review methods for CIM-CN.

在归纳、整理运用现有网络设计方法于CIM-CN设计过程中，作者还针对CIM-CN的设计特点提出了用通信量矩阵运算划分CIM-CN子网的算法，优先级MAC存取算法以及CIM-CN综合评价指标体系结构及评价方法；作者还给出用专家系统进行CIM-CN设计的框架与思路并进行了初步探讨。

Examples include depreciation methods, inventory valuation methods, debt restructuring methods, and etc.

这些会计政策包括同一经济业务因为不同会计方法的选用而产生的纳税筹划，例如固定资产折旧方法、存货计价方法等，还包括同一经济业务因为具体操作方式的选择而产生的会计处理方式的差异，例如债务重组方式的选择等等。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。