查询词典 methods

The present studies on lie detection from the point of view of physiological psychology in our country focus on physiological polygraph methods and Event Related Potential methods, either of which has its advantages and disadvantages, and is easily influenced by many factors.

"测谎"技术是综合运用心理学(特别是心理学和心理生理学)、犯罪学、刑事侦查学、电子学及其他相关学科的成果，通过编制题目测量由情绪刺激引发的人体变化，来判断人们心理变化的一门科学技术。

Chapter one is "Introduction". On the basis of summarizing the history of the study of the pictophonetic characters, we suppose some theoretical principle, such as the principle of the correspondence between the form and the meaning of the individual graph of Chinese characters, the principle of the total graphs of Chinese characters being a character-formation system, and the principle of the optimum development of the character -formation system in the history, and som analytic methods, such as the methods of structrue-function analysis, form-position analysis and meaning factor analysis, in the study of the pictophonetic characters. Chapter two is titled"General knwledge of the pictophonetic character." We discuss their origins, nature and some standards of distingnishing them, introduce the knowledge about the editions of SHUO WEN JIE ZI, analyse the functions of the modules of pictophonetic characters in detail, discuss concretely the function of phonetic graphs showing origins and pronunciations, the function of meaning graphs showing meanings and analogies, and the function of distinguishment when the two kinds of graphs are conbined. Chapter three is"The system of meaning graphs of Xiao Zhuan system."After we describe the structure of the meaning graph system, the relations between meaning graphs, the distributions of the function of meaning graphs showing meanings, and the frequency of all this kind of graphs, we get a table of all meaning graphs, a table of the frequency. Chapter four is"The system of phonetic graphs of Xiao Zhuan system."We describe the structure of the phonetic graph system, the relations between phonetic graphs, and between their function showing origins and their function showing pronunciations, and their frequency, then we get ageneral table of phonetic graphs and table of their frequency. Chapter five is "conclusion". We think that systematical methodology is useful in describing and analysing the formation system of Chinese characters. The methodology is adaptable in describing the formation system of modern Chinese characters as well as the historical character systems, adaptable in describing horizontally as well as comparing vertically. Only when we finish the systematical vertical compare on the base of systematical horizontal decription, could we know the true history of the system of Chinese characters, recover the rule of the system's development, and supply the theoretical supports for the scientifical arrangement of modern Chinese characters.

第一部分—绪论，在总结形声字研究历史状况的基础上，提出了研究形声系统的理论原则和分析方法，即汉字个体字符形义统一的思想，汉字字符集合构形系统的思想，汉字构形系统历史演变系统优化的思想等三项理论原则和结构功能分析法，形位分析法，义素分析法等三种分析方法，还扼要地介绍了具体的工作程序和论文的主要内容；第二部分—形声字概述，论述了形声字的来源、性质和鉴别标准，介绍了对《说文解字》正篆形声字说解中的传抄讹误，版本异文，说解错误校勘和考证的经过，详细分析了形声字构件的功能，具体讨论了声符的示源功能与示音功能，义符的示意功能与类化功能以及声符与义符组合中的相互区别功能；第三部分—小篆字系的义符系统，从义符系统的构成、义符间的相互关系，义符示意功能的分布及义符的构字频度等不同侧面，对义符系统进行了全面的描写，产生了义符总表、义符间意义关系总表和义符构字频度总表；第四部分—小篆字系形声字的声符系统，从声符系统的构成、声符间的相互关系，声符的示源功能与示音功能的关系以及声符的构字频度等不同侧面，对声符系统进行了全面描写，产生了声符总表和声符构字频度总表；第五部分—结束语，在全面测查小篆字系形声字的基础上，对研究汉字的方法和现代汉字发展方向的问题提出了一些看法，认为系统论的方法是描写和分析汉字构形系统行之有效的方法，系统论方法，不仅适用于历史上文字系统的描写，也适用于现代汉字构形系统的描写，不仅适用了断代描写，也适用于历史比较，只有在对汉字断代系统描写的基础上进行系统的历史比较，才能认清汉字系统历史演变的真相，揭示汉字系统发展的客观规律，为科学地整理现代汉字提供理论上的依据。

Objective In order to explore the morphological evidence for the pathway for secretions of pineal body releasing directly into the cerebrospinal fluid. Methods Using the conventional and NaOH-macerational methods for preparing electron microscopic specimens,the pineal bodies and its capsules of adult Japanese monkeys were observed with scanning and transmission electron microscope.

目的 探讨松果体分泌物直接释放入脑脊液途径的形态学依据，方法采用常规及NaOH消蚀法电镜样品制备技术，对成年日本猴松果体及其被囊进行了扫描和透射电镜观察。

This paper presents the cumulative-sum is a new data processing methods, It is a similar effect with the least squares method, it is more than simple arithmetic, Based on photoelectric effect measured Planck constant example, Introduced the methods for solving a linear equation with cumulative-sum method.

本文介绍的累积法是一种新颖的数据处理方法，它是一种效果与最小二乘法相同，比它更简明的运算方法，本文以光电效应法测普朗克常数实验为例，介绍了用普通累积法解一元线性方程的方法。

By combining analysis center cutting plane methods which have developed fast in the last years, we get a analysis center cutting plane methods for convex semi-infinite programming, which has a good convergence under modest assumptions.

第二章结合近期发展起来的分析中央割平面算法，在一定的假设条件下，得到了一个凸半无限规划问题的分析中央割平面算法，并得到了很好的收敛性结果。

Basic knowledge and skills of engineering drawing, including "basic specifications of engineering drawing","plane graph drawing","use methods of drawing tools and proper drawing steps","methods of freehand sketching".

制图的基本知识和基本技能，重点是"制图基本规格"、"平面图形画法"、"工具仪器使用方法及正确的绘图方法步骤"、"画徒手草图的方法"。

The quantitative techniques mainly include plot methods and plotless methods, and the latter are based on neighbourhood/distance.

其中，无样地法是以邻体／距离为基础的定量空间分析方法。

Plot methods will be affected by quadrat size and plot shape, and plotless methods have boundary effects and statistical problems.

但样地法容易受到取样大小和样地形状的影响，而无样地法常存在边缘效应和统计上的困难。

As for the species composition and characteristics of a tropical forest community with many rare species, plot methods are better than plotless ones, while multiple neighbour methods better than single ones.

由于许多偶见种的存在，因此就反映热带森林群落的种类组成和真实特征而言，样方法优于无样地法，多邻体法优于单邻体法。

Methods 477 cases (954 sides) of temporal CT images were retrospectively analyzed by statistics methods, and pneumatolysis types of processus mastoideus and petrous apex and the incidences of high jugular bulb in each type were calculated.

回顾性分析477例(954侧)颞骨CT片，统计乳突和岩尖的气化分型及各型颈静脉球高位的发生率，并对其作统计学分析。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。