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This paper introduces eight methods of tlme-frequency analysis, such as Hilbert transform, Hilbert-Huang transform, sine curve fitting, Ricker wavelet matching, short time Fourier transform, wavelet transform, S transform and Cohen methods, This paper explains the merits and defects of those methods from the time resolution, frequency resolution and the adaptive ability of multi-frequency signals.

本文介绍了Hilbert变换、Hilbert—Huang变换、正弦曲线拟合、雷克子波匹配、短时傅立叶变换、小波变换、S变换以及Cohen娄这八种方法，并从时间分辨率、频率分辨率，以及对多频率成份信号适应能力等各方面阐述了各种方法的优缺点，对其中的一些方法结合了理论记录进行了试算，进一步阐述了这些方法的长处和不足之处。

Educational and learning environment simulate learning methods, thoughts methods, sensorial behaviors and control methods base on virtual reality.

基于虚拟现实技术的教育、学习环境是实现对现实教学方法、思维方式、感知行为和控制手段等的模拟。

Four aspects of research achievements include:(1)several imaging correction methods and strained estimation methods for biological tissues elasticity imaging were investigated as well as elasticity reconstruction and phantom, in vitro and in vivo elasticity imaging experiments;(2)in the fields of biological microsystem and perfusion evaluation for microvascular system, three kinds of microbubbles whose shell are albumin, sugar ester and surfactant respectively were designed and produced, then the methods to estimate the thickness of their shells were presented, moreover, the interacting mechanism of ultrasound contrast agents and tissues, as well as protein drug delivery under the condition of ultrasound sonification were studied in the molecular level;(3) At the aspect of high intensity focused ultrasound therapy system, we designed and constructed the 256-element HIFU transducers using 1-3 composite materials. And furthermore we developed the integrated HIFU system with 256-element HIFU transducers. And we made preliminary and important progresses in the research of HIFU bioeffect, lesion estimation, techniques of monitoring and imaging and characterizing of structure of HIFU transducer;(4)The real-time method of voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation of physiological parameters was investigated in the field of medical rehabilitation. We addressed the physiology and biophysics of vocalization, modeled voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation mechanism, and put forward an integrated evaluation about the speech rehabilitation and the regenerated voice source; Sixty-one archived journal papers were published, as well as ten in international journals, and eighteen publications were embodied by SCI.

成果包括：（1）在生物组织弹性成像方面，研究了多种图像校正方法和应变估计方法，进行了弹性重构和仿体、离体及在体超声弹性成像实验研究；（2）在生物微系统和微血管血流灌注成像方面，制备了三种不同包膜超声造影微泡，研究了纳米包膜厚度检测与估计方法以及不同纳米包膜造影微泡断裂与药物释放机制，并在分子层次上开展了超声与生物组织相互作用机制以及蛋白质药物超声乳化微囊包裹的研究；（3）在阵列式高强聚焦超声治疗与监控成像技术方面，设计制作了新的HIFU换能器，解决了256阵元单焦点和多焦点合成HIFU治疗系统关键技术问题，并在HIFU生物效应与创伤性评价方法、HIFU过程监控成像技术和薄层复合结构与HIFU 换能器界面特性评价等方面的研究取得了初步而重要的进展，具有重要应用前景；（4）在语音听觉系统特别是嗓音康复方面，研究了基于发声系统补偿调节机制的实时多模式嗓音源再生方法和发声生理，建立基于神经、肌肉和空气动力系统的综合补偿调节模型，提出了相应的评价系统。

Four aspects of research achievements include:(1)several imaging correction methods and strained estimation methods for biological tissues elasticity imaging were investigated as well as elasticity reconstruction and phantom, in vitro and in vivo elasticity imaging experiments;(2)in the fields of biological microsystem and perfusion evaluation for microvascular system, three kinds of microbubbles whose shell are albumin, sugar ester and surfactant respectively were designed and produced, then the methods to estimate the thickness of their shells were presented, moreover, the interacting mechanism of ultrasound contrast agents and tissues, as well as protein drug delivery under the condition of ultrasound sonification were studied in the molecular level;(3) At the aspect of high intensity focused ultrasound therapy system, we designed and constructed the 256-element HIFU transducers using 1-3 composite materials. And furthermore we developed the integrated HIFU system with 256-element HIFU transducers. And we made preliminary and important progresses in the research of HIFU bioeffect, lesion estimation, techniques of monitoring and imaging and characterizing of structure of HIFU transducer;(4)The real-time method of voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation of physiological parameters was investigated in the field of medical rehabilitation. We addressed the physiology and biophysics of vocalization, modeled voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation mechanism, and put forward an integrated evaluation about the speech rehabilitation and the regenerated voice source; Sixty-one archived journal papers were published, as well as ten in international journals, and eighteen publications were embodied by SCI.

中文摘要：成果包括：（1）在生物组织弹性成像方面，研究了多种图像校正方法和应变估计方法，进行了弹性重构和仿体、离体及在体超声弹性成像实验研究；（2）在生物微系统和微血管血流灌注成像方面，制备了三种不同包膜超声造影微泡，研究了纳米包膜厚度检测与估计方法以及不同纳米包膜造影微泡断裂与药物释放机制，并在分子层次上开展了超声与生物组织相互作用机制以及蛋白质药物超声乳化微囊包裹的研究；（3）在阵列式高强聚焦超声治疗与监控成像技术方面，设计制作了新的HIFU换能器，解决了256阵元单焦点和多焦点合成HIFU治疗系统关键技术问题，并在HIFU生物效应与创伤性评价方法、HIFU过程监控成像技术和薄层复合结构与HIFU 换能器界面特性评价等方面的研究取得了初步而重要的进展，具有重要应用前景；（4）在语音听觉系统特别是嗓音康复方面，研究了基于发声系统补偿调节机制的实时多模式嗓音源再生方法和发声生理，建立基于神经、肌肉和空气动力系统的综合补偿调节模型，提出了相应的评价系统。

Methods: in the light of the introduction of national standards "The analytical methods of zymolytic alcohol healthful standard" measured formaldehyde content of the food; and according as the national standard methods of measuring sulfur dioxide content of the food to determine food formaldehyde or sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate content.

参照采用国家标准《发酵酒卫生标准的分析方法》，测定食品中甲醛的含量；再按国家标准方法测定食品中二氧化硫的含量，以判断食品中甲醛或吊白块的含量。

METHODS: The breast cancer cell lines Bcap37 were treated with different concentrations of vinblatine dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide or caspase-3 inhibitor (DEVD-CHO, 100 μmol/L) for 3 h. The changes of the proliferation were detected by MTT methods. The apoptosis was determined by observing the internucleosomal DNA cleavage and PI staining, and the proteins of pro-caspase-3 and IκΒ-α were detected by Western blotting methods.

用二甲基亚砜对照、100μmol/L caspase-3抑制剂预处理乳腺癌Bcap37细胞3h后，加入不同浓度的长春碱，以MTT法检测肿瘤细胞增殖能力，以细胞DNA片段分析及PI染色法检测肿瘤细胞凋亡，以蛋白免疫印迹法检测pro-caspase-3和IκΒ-α蛋白的变化。

Specific details are as follows:(1) Analysing survey methodology of society survey systematically, determining the basic research methods and information access methods suitable for HRST in West Area through summering and contrasting the various research methods.

论文具体内容如下：(1)对社会调查常用的调查方法进行了分类和系统的分析对比，确定了适合我国西部科技人力资源流动状况研究的基本调查方法和信息获取方法等。

By study, majority of the research productions and theoretical papers are about how to control harmonic, and the harmonic analysis methods that were introduced are generally applied in large power system, these harmonic analysis methods usually use harmonic network's mathematic model (the conductance and susceptance matrix of the node). But because of the dissymmetry of some elements in power system, the mathematic model is very complex, so it is very complicated to calculate by these methods, we commonly combine with computer and use them to analyze large power system.

通过学习和了解，现有的研究成果和理论文章多数是介绍谐波的治理方法，而介绍谐波分析方法的论文一般是针对大型电力系统进行分析和研究的，这些谐波分析方法通常利用谐波网络的数学模型（谐波网络的节点导纳矩阵）进行分析，由于电力系统中的某些元件的不对称性，使得数学模型复杂，计算起来极为繁琐，因此，一般结合计算机用于分析大型电力系统。

The holistic design of the system and resolved the designs of software and hardware based on VXI bus are put forward according to the demand of test system. The hardware and software is designed, including the formation and design of hardware system, visual instrument software architecture, program design for instrument driver, high speed real-time data collection. In the dynamic test program, the idea of"software is instrument"was applied to meet the diverse test demands. Last, it is proposed that the VXI test system be developed to more totalization and networked. The basic theory of system identification was introduced briefly at first. The principle of spectrum analysis system identification based on Wiener-Hopf equation was expatiated. and the questions in applying Peusdo Random signal as spectrum analysis methods stimulate signal was studied, The generation principle of the peusdo random signal is researched, the characteristic of peusdo random are analyzed from time domain and frequency domain, the inverse repeat peusdo random signal is brought forward to make up the shortage of ordinary peusdo random signal. And a new chaos genetic algorithmis presented to solve the unprecise problem of the traditional method. In the servo valve dynamic characteristic test system, the spectrum analysis methods was applied successfully, the servo valve dynamic characteristic could be acquired rapidly and exactly, the test results were analyzed and the ameliorate methods were brought forward at last.

结合航天某集团液压测试中心测试系统的需求，提出了基于VXI总线的液压测试系统的整体设计方案，完成了测试系统的硬件设计与软件设计，包括硬件系统构成与设计、虚拟仪器软件结构、仪器驱动程序设计、高速同步实时数据采集等内容；以伺服阀动态特性测试为例设计了测试模块，该模块体现了VXI总线仪器软件开发所倡导的&虚拟仪器&的思想，以软件的灵活应用满足了不同的测试需求；结合自动测试系统的发展，研究了VXI测试系统与网络技术结合，实现各种软硬件资源共享，进一步提高设备及数据的利用率和系统的扩展性，使自动测试向综合化、网络化方向发展；研究了伪随机信号作为谱分析法辨识的激励信号时存在的问题，讨论了伪随机信号的产生机理，从频域和时域分析了伪随机信号的性质及其应用，提出了用逆重复伪随机信号弥补了普通伪随机信号的不足，并以混沌遗传算法对逆重复伪随机信号产生过程中的参数进行优化，可以更合理而不是凭经验产生需要的逆重复伪随机信号。

Objective To discuss the assay methods and clinical value of IgG antibody to Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Methods To detect the antibody levels of tuberculoprotein 16KDa, 38KDa and LAM by Protein Chip and ELISA together, the sensitivity, specificity and total coincidence rate of the two methods were compared.

目的 探讨结核分枝杆菌IgG抗体的检测及其临床应用价值方法应用蛋白芯片识别仪分析结核病人血清中结核菌蛋白16Kda和38Kda以及脂阿拉伯甘露糖抗体含量，同时与ELISA法进行比较，判断其敏感性、特异性和总符合率。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。