查询词典 method

The main research work and its results are: 1Empirical results are analysed for the relations of fault displacement and earthquake magnitude, and difference between permanent ground deformation and maxium dynamic relative displacement on the two sides of fault; 2An analytic method is proposed for resopnse of a buried pipeline due to earthquake fault movement; 3A new shell model with an equivalent boundary and relted finite element analysis method are proposed for estimating response of a buried pipeline under large fault movement; 4By the proposed method, damage performance of water supply steel pipelines with large diameter is simulated to the real cases in Kocaeli Earthquake and Ji-Ji Earthquake, and simulating results show the real failure mode of pipes is revealed; 5Effects of overlying soil and soft/hard interlayers are analyzed on ground rupture mode and degree due to earthquake fault, and some earthquake rupture phenomena in soil layers are theoretically described for the first time; 6Pipeline response characters are discussed for the case of considering effects of soil layers on ground rupture mode; 7Research results and proposed method are applied in seismic analysis of pipline acrossing fault in the Gas Tansportation Project from West to East in China.

主要工作和成果包括：1）分析了不同断层位错形式下地表破裂位错量与震级之间的经验关系，并基于集集地震近断层记录分析了断层两侧永久地面变形和地震动相对位移幅值之间的差别，为合理地考虑地震断层位错地面变形动态影响提供了依据；2）发展了断层位错地面大变形下管线反应分析模型并给出物理概念明确、简单实用的解析分析方法；3）建立了断层位错下埋地管线反应分析的等效边界壳模型有限元方法，方法中引入了以非线性弹簧形式模拟离断层较远处管段影响的等效边界，简化了计算模型并突出了近断层处管体反应；4）利用等效边界壳模型方法，对土耳其地震和集集地震中大口径埋地管线震害进行了模拟，结果表明所提方法可以更清地解释震害所表现的管体破坏特征；5）研究了覆盖土层和软硬夹层的存在对断层位错地面破裂形式和程度的影响，首次从理论上解释了某些地震地表破裂现象；6）探讨了考虑土层对断层位错地面变形影响的管体反应特征；7）本项目成果已在西气东输工程的管道跨断层抗震问题分析中得到了应用。

The first method is not related to petrogenesis, but welcomed by its benefit in field work and basic petrology research; the second method reflects magma sources and tectonic environment, which has always been considered to be very important since proposed, especially a steady flow of A-type granite result in recent years; the third method, often used by researchers, consists of information about mineralogy, petology and magma source; the last method is characterized for its simple and uniform classification criterion, as well as strong operability.

矿物学－岩石学分类不涉及成因信息，比较适用于野外工作以及最基本的岩石学研究；ISMA分类的标准反映的是岩浆源区和构造环境，自提出后备受重视，尤其是A型花岗岩的研究成果近来大量涌现；Barbarin的综合性分类包含了矿物学、岩石学和岩浆源区的信息，也受到一定的推崇；Frost的地球化学分类标准统一，具有很强的操作性。

In this chapter, three kinds of target recognition methods are performed, which are:①Target recognition method based on the description of polarization parameter plane. The echo polarization states of target are projected onto the polarization state plane described by the ellipticity ε and the tilt angle τ of the polarization ellipse, the change of parameter following ferquency becomes the chart. According to the changing trait of the chart, the multidimensional polarization feature space of target has been contructed. Furthermore, a series of polarization feature parameters used in designing the structure of target recognition device are extracted, and they are insensible to the posture of target.②Target recognition method based on the description of Poincare polarization sphere. The echo polarization states of target expressed by Stokes vector are projected onto the Poincare polarization sphere. The conception of polarization ferquency stability, which is used in describing the dynamic distribution characteristics of the target echo polarization states on Poincare polarization sphere, has been defined. A group of polarization feature parameters used in designing the structure of target recognition device are extracted, and they are insensible to the posture of target.③Target recognition method based on the description of frequency sensitivity. In accordance with the conception of the polarization state distance defined on Poincare polarization sphere, the frequency sensibility of the physical structure property of target has been investigated, the frequency distribution feature curves in PSD domain are obtained, and targets'features are extracted by means of the curve-fitting method with Least Square Criterion.

这章具体研究了基于三种极化散射特性描述的相应的目标识别方法：①基于极化参数平面描述的目标识别方法，将目标回波极化状态投影到以极化椭圆参数，即椭圆率角ε和倾角τ表征的极化状态平面上，参数随观测频率的变化就形成了图，根据图的变化特点构造了目标的多维极化特征空间，并提取了不敏感目标姿态变化的极化特征参数组来设计目标的识别器结构；②基于Poincare极化球面描述的目标识别方法，采用Stokes矢量表征目标回波的极化状态，并将其投影到描述极化状态的Poincare极化球面上，定义了极化频率稳定度的概念用以刻画目标回波极化状态在Poincare极化球面上的动态分布信息，提取了准方位不变性的目标极化特征，最后设计了目标的识别器结构；③基于频率敏感性描述的目标识别方法，通过在Poincare极化球面上所定义的极化状态距离的概念，研究的是复杂目标物理结构特性对探测信号频率的敏感程度问题，获得了在极化状态距离下的频率分布特性曲线，采用最小二乘估计曲线拟合方法，它既用于极化特征的降维，同时又直接将拟合参数作为目标的分类特征。

A new method for measuring surface area of flatfishes was presented in this paper. Digital camera is used to capture digital images of flatfishes with a background of standard plotting paper, image processing softwares (Photoshop CS2 or Adobe Acrobat Professional) are used to get pixels per square centimeter and the pixels of flatfishes, then surface area of flatfishes can be calculated by these data. Compared with traditional method, results of surface area measuring of 30 turbot revealed that relative errors of Photoshop Method and Acrobat Method were －4.40% to 3.08% and －1.83% to 1.30%, respectively.

提出一种快速、准确测定鲆鲽类体表面积的新方法，利用数码相机拍照获取带有标准坐标纸背景的鲆鲽类鱼体数码图像，采用图像处理软件Photoshop CS2和Adobe Acrobat Professional分别获得单位背景面积和鱼体图像的像素数，通过两者的比例计算出体表面积。30尾大菱鲆体表面积的实测表明，与传统计数方格面积法的测量结果相比，Photoshop法相对误差为－4.40%~3.08%，Acrobat法相对误差为－

These methods consist of correlation registration method、tie point registration method、maximum spectrum registration method and scaling registration method.

论文第四章系统深入研究了InSAR处理中的图象配准方法，它们是相关配准法、特征点配准法、最大谱配准法和尺度变换配准法，阐述了上述算法的特点和处理过程。

This method includes the method of profile data modeling in theory, bound searching method of expansion polar angle corresponding theoretical points and evaluation method of least-deviation profile error.

包括实现轮廓度测量的理论轮廓数据建模方法、对应理论点的扩展极角定界搜索方法以及满足最小条件的最小极偏差轮廓度误差评定方法。

We put forward a new theoretical method named direct laser spectroscopy method, it holds some goodness which spectral method has not, it also showed that it was one of the best methods in molecular dynamics simulation by combined with the best method named chebychev polynomial expansion in time dependent wave packet theory. This had been approved bv example of H〓.

我们提出了一种新的理论方法即直接激光光谱法，这种方法具有以往常用的谱方法所不具备的优点，即高效性，并且通过与含时波包理论中最具有优越性的切比雪夫多项式展开方法结合，使得这种方法在动力学模拟中具有极大的优势，并以H〓分子为进行实验例。

Composite ; liquid method ; prefabricate method ; non-vortex mechanical stirring method ; semi-solid mechanical stirring method

复合材料；液态法；预制件法；无旋涡机械搅拌法；半固态机械搅拌法

Therefore,a series studies of ice-pier vibration are performed from different aspects in this paper.The main work of this his thesis is summarized as follows:(1) Ice response spectra is proposed based on the idea of a seismic response spectra analysis of str .. uctures.Firstly,ice response spectra on the basis of power spectra density function is established;Secondly,based on the assumption of quadratic parabolic interpolation method,the nonlinear interpolation analysis method of ice response spectra is studied from both theoretical and practical points of view,and the successive computation formulas including ice displacement,velocity and acceleration response spectrum are deduced by Duhamel integral.Furthermore,to analyze the effectivity and applicability of the method, the real temporal curves of ice pressure are used to be studied.The results show that the presented method is more convenient and accurate to study the structural response induced by ice force,also it can be effectively applied in the design of ice resistance.

鉴于此，本文针对冰激桥墩结构振动问题从不同方面展开了一系列与之相关的研究，主要研究内容如下：(1)根据结构抗震反应分析思想提出了冰振反应谱，首先建立了基于功率谱密度函数的冰振反应谱；其次借鉴地震反应谱内插法的思想从理论和实际观点出发，假定在等距离微小时间间隔内冰荷载按二次抛物线规律变化，由Duhamel积分推导出冰振位移、速度以及加速度反应谱的一系列连锁公式，建立了基于非线性内插法的冰振反应谱，并利用实际冰压力时程曲线进行了冰振反应谱数值分析，为以后冰激结构振动的研究提供一种方便、简捷、精确的分析方法，也能够将其有效地应用到结构的抗冰计算中。

First, this article introduced 2 grade of rotary kiln principle of work and the equipment, to rolled the circle mechanics behavior to carry on the analysis, proposed - rolled the circle - under roller's rotary kiln overall modelling based on the tube body - kiln liner - big tooth ring, to rolled the circle - under roller's contact stress to carry on the finite element analysis the method, and obtained rolled the circle contact stress the size and the distribution rule, finally indicated that rolled the circle contact stress mainly to have two main peak values and the sudden change in one week, appeared is rolling the circle and the under roller contact area; Then, rolls the circle the stress to regard as is the principal stress unknown plane stress test, the use quite mature modern test technology, proposed rolls the circle stress test the principle and the plan, and to rolled the circle the stress to carry on the scene test, the stress which the scene test analysis result and the finite element analysis calculated has compared, had proven the whole method modelling's finite element analysis method's rationality and rolled the circle - under roller contact stress the result accuracy; Finally, uses ANSYS APDL the re-development technology, in view of 2 grades of rotary kilns, rolled the circle - under roller contact stress the overall finite element analytic method to carry on the re-development.

首先，本文介绍了2档回转窑工作原理和装置，对滚圈的力学行为进行了分析，提出了基于筒体-窑衬-大齿圈-滚圈-托轮的回转窑整体建模，对滚圈-托轮的接触应力进行有限元分析的方法，并得到了滚圈接触应力的大小和分布规律，结果表明滚圈接触应力在一周内主要存在两个主要的峰值和突变，都出现在滚圈与托轮接触区域；然后，把滚圈的受力看成是主应力未知的平面应力的测试，利用比较成熟的现代测试技术，提出了滚圈应力测试的原理和方案，并对滚圈的应力进行了现场测试，现场测试分析结果与有限元分析计算出的应力相比较，证明了整体法建模的有限元分析方法的合理性和滚圈-托轮接触应力的结果的正确性；最后，利用ANSYS的APDL的二次开发技术，针对2档回转窑，就滚圈-托轮接触应力的整体有限元分析法进行了二次开发。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新