查询词典 mean error

The method includes steps: digital watermark technique is adopted to hide information of key data in not key data codes of compressed image; under protection of digital watermark, using protective backup for key data detects whether normal transmitted key data is correct or not so as to detect error code; carrying out cyclic mutual backup by using macro blocks in same positions in front and back macro block set; embedding coded motion vector in form of digital watermark to DCT transformation coefficient, and ensuring that video data are not influenced as best as one can; when error code occurs, if key data backup is correct, then the backup replaces former key data; otherwise, using mean value of key data in adjacent macro blocks within same frame to replace former key data approximately.

本发明中，采用数字水印技术在压缩图像的非关键数据编码中隐藏关键数据信息；通过数字水印保护下的关键数据保护备份来检测正常传输的关键数据是否正确，由此来检测传输误码；用前后宏块组中相同位置的宏块进行循环相互备份；对运动向量进行编码，然后以数字水印的形式嵌入到相对不重要的DCT变换系数中，同时保证视频数据尽量不受影响；在误码发生时，如果关键数据备份正确，则直接替代原关键数据，否则用同一帧内相邻宏块的关键数据的平均值近似替代原关键数据。

Firstly, the multi-user detector that relatively integrity in theory and proximal to optimal multi-user detector is discussed and Decor elating Detector, Minimum Mean Square Error Detector, Optimal linear Detector together with the multi-capability indexes output energy, SNR, bit error rate, asymptotic efficiency, convergence etc.

本文首先对理论上及性能上接近最佳多用户检测的次最佳多用户检测进行理论研究，计算并分析了解相关检测器、最小均方误差检测器、最佳线性检测器的性能指标(输出能量、信噪比、渐近有效性、误码率以及收敛特性等)。

Minimax estimator;Bayes solution;Poisson mean;Restricted space;K-normalized squared error loss;Linear minimax estimator;Weighted squared error loss

中文关键字大中取小估计式；贝氏解；卜阿松分布平均数；限制参数空间；K-正规化平方误差损失；线性大中取小估计式；加权平方误差损失

Heaped error on error .By Marxism we mean living Marxism which plays an effective role in the life and struggle of the masses, not Marxism in words.

我们说的马克思主义，是要在群众生活群众斗争里实际发生作用的活的马克思主义，不是口头上的马克思主义。

According to the demand of high magnetic field power supply, reference is increased with a set ramp rate and stops at a set stable value, so reference system is composed of digital setting and digit to analog converting circuit. But the stability of reference is mostly guaranteed by the performance of D/A circuit, so D/A circuit is particularly studied in reference system. The scheme of D/A circuit, the selection of DAC and its voltage reference, hardware anti-jamming design and PCB design are discussed in detail, and software of remote control and PLC are discussed in brief. Zero-flux DC current transformer well satisfies the demands of the high stability of Load current detection unit, so the principle of zero-flux DC current transformer is analyzed; in the mean time a project which detects the long term stability is designed. During 8 hours, analog signal which is detected with high precision digit multimeter is recorded in computer at 1HZ frequency by GPIB communication. The drift error source and related parameters are explained in the compare-amplify part. Detailed subtraction circuit is designed; also amplifier chip and periphery components are selected and verified according to the theory of error analysis.

根据强磁场电源的需求，参考源应按照软件设定的斜率逐渐上升到设定稳态值，则参考源系统应由数字给定和数模转换电路两大部分组成，而参考源的稳定度主要依靠完成数模转换功能的模拟电路的性能来保证，因此本文对参考源系统的研究以数模转换电路为重点，分别从电路方案的确定、数模转换芯片及其基准电压源的选取和验证、电路板硬件抗干扰和PCB设计几方面进行了论述，然后对数字给定部分的远控组态和PLC程序设计作了简要介绍；采用零磁通原理的直流电流转换器很好地满足了对负载电流检测单元高稳定度的需求，本文详细分析了零磁通检测的原理，并在选定此种类型电流转换器的基础上设计了一套检测长期稳定度的方案，8小时内以1秒为采样周期，通过计算机Labview程序和高精度数字电压表的GPIB通讯，将被高精度数字电压表数字化后的模拟信号采样值连续记录至计算机中；比较放大环节简要阐述了漂移产生的原因和相关参数指标，确定了具体的减法电路形式，并根据误差分析理论对运算放大器和外围元器件进行了选取和验证。

Performance simulation of the proposed estimator including Mean Squares Error of channel and uncoded Bit Error Rate have been taken, and the results show the estimator is efficient and very flexible.

对信道盲估计的均方误差和由此算法获得的信道的状态信息对无编码的OFDM系统进行解调的误比特率进行了仿真，结果表明提出的算法是有效的并具有很好的灵活性。

We found that the mean square error of difference value between GPS monitoring deformation and the second-order leveling surveying deformation is less than 1 mm, and there is a smaller systematic error between the ellipsoidal height deformation and the second-order leveling deformation ,whose value is about 0.5~1 mm; however, this system error does not affect the outcome of vertical deformation monitoring.

结果 得到的GPS监测变形量与水准测量变形量差值中误差＜1 mm，且GPS所测大地高变形量与二等水准测得的变形量间存在一个较小的系统偏差，其值在0.5~1 mm之间，该系统偏差不影响垂向变形监测的结果。

Observational error is difficult to avoid, but this doesn't mean the observational subject is full helpless in front of the observational error. If observational subject continuously optimizes hisself qualities, wipe out the localization of subject to the best us the activity that observational negative impact result in, at the same time, recognize the complexity of observational object well, the respect observational environmental role, select the pooropriate method and instruments, and form the good observational habit, observational error is to may be prevented.

观察错误虽然是难以避免的，但这并不意味着观察主体在观察错误面前，是完全无能为力的，观察主体如能不断优化其自身素质，尽量消除主体局限性对观察活动造成的负面影响，同时，充分认识观察客体的复杂性，重视观察环境的作用，选择适当的观察方法和观察仪器，养成良好的观察习惯，观察错误是有可能被避免的。

The maximum error of regional anomaly separation is 3.101×10^(-6)m/s^2 the mean square error is 0.989×10^(-6)m/s^2 and the maximum percentage error is 7.76% for several data on the boundary and is lower than 4.1% for the other points.

分离出的区域异常最大误差为3.101×10^(-6)m/s^2，均方差为0.989×10^(-6)m/s^2，最大百分比误差仅在边部的几个数据上，为7.76%，其余各点的误差均小于4.1%。

The measurement system error model analysis is introduced into power system real time network state analysis as an important part for the first time, which can improve on the state estimation quality and provide the capability to monitor the operation of the measurement system; 2. The theory and algorithm of the on-line estimation and update of measurement noise variance based on the relation between the residual variance and noise variance. The statistic properties of the sample variance are discussed and the relation between the estimation precision and sample size under given confidence level is derived; 3. The theory and algorithm of detection and identification of measurement bias are presented, which is based on the relation between residual mean and noise mean. The statistic properties of sample mean are discussed and the relation between estimation precision and sample size is derived; 4. The Givens orthogonal transformation algorithm is selected to be the essential algorithm of state estimation, the fast orthogonal transformation algorithm with damp factor and the algorithm which can handle the zero injection measurements efficiently are presented; 5. The quantity analysis theory of bad data detectivity and identifibility are presented, which describes the relation between the elements in matrix W〓 and bad data amplitude and can provide the theory base for measurement system design and valuation.

一、首次将量测系统误差模型分析做为一个环节引入电力系统实时网络状态分析中，为EMS系统增加了实时监视系统运行、修正量测系统误差模型的新功能，进一步发挥了实时网络状态分析应用软件的潜力；二、首次提出了应用样本方差在线估计与修正量测系统误差方差的基本理论，讨论了样本方差的统计性质和概率分布，推导出了样本容量、估计精度和置信度之间的关系，给出了在线估计与修正量测系统误差方差的算法；三、首次提出了应用样本均值在线检测与辨识量测偏差的基本理论，讨论了样本均值的统计性质，推导了样本容量、估计精度和置信度之间的基本关系，给出了在线检测与辨识量测偏差的算法；四、在状态估计算法设计中，以Givens变换算法做为基本算法，提出了快速正交变换阻尼因子法和可以有效地处理零注入量测的混合法，并对实时应用中的一些问题进行了讨论；五、提出了不良数据可检测性与可辨识性的定量分析理论，揭示了描述量测系统配置、网络结构与参数的残差灵敏度矩阵中的元素与不良数据的幅值在可检测、可辨识能力上的定量关系，为量测系统配置设计与评价提供了理论基础；六、综合国内外最新研究成果，采用自适应自回归预测技术和稀疏矢量技术，构造了较完善的不良数据检测与辨识算法。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。