查询词典 maximum error

The description of network delays including characteristics and effects are also covered and the uniformed mathematic models for NCSs with four different structures are derived. Furthermore, the controller basing on state prediction and compensating time delay is designed. Sufficient and necessary stability conditions for systems with different transmission policies such as perfect transmissions, delayed transmissions and time-varying transmissions are obtained as simple eigenvalue tests of certain test matrices. And in the end, effects of model error over maximum communication interval are analyzed. Numerical examples show the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed methods.

首先介绍了网络控制系统中数据包的传输情况以及基于模型结构方法的基本思想，并针对四种不同拓扑结构的控制网络分析了网络时延的性能，进而给出了统一的数学模型；然后，提出了基于状态预测的具有时延补偿功能的状态反馈控制器的设计方法，并针对完美传输、延时传输及时变传输三种数据传输策略，分别研究了控制系统的稳定性问题；最后分析了模型误差对最大通讯间隔的影响；仿真结果表明了设计及控制方法的正确性和有效性。

The maximum relative error is less than 5%, when comparing the simulation result of our dynamic model with the real value of the Peirce-Smith converter in a copper smeltery. This shows the effectiveness of the proposed model.

用实际生产数据仿真实验，模型预测的最大相对误差小于5%，仿真结果验证了模型有效性。

Furthermore that the square measure error is not depending on the choice of generalized matrix inverses is proved. Finally the least square estimation and the maximum likelihood estimation for this model are proposed.

在此基础上对奇异度量误差下的函数关系模型的参数进行估计，得出了模型参数的最小二乘估计和极大似然估计。

The maximum statistical error of atmospheric CO2 concentration was 2.5% from 1.5 to 5 km,5% form 5 to 8 km,and 10% from 8 to 10 km.

利用此技术也可以量化估计在较高的空间分辨率下满足探测精度要求的激光脉冲数。

Through the stress calculation of a 3d jacket platform in wave, the change of load combination acting on the braces of multiplanar joints was observed, the influence of different load combination on the maximum stress and the location of hot spot was revealed, and the error in stress estimation caused by regarding multiplanar joint as uniplanar joint was analyzed, which shows the necessity of stress analysis to multiplanar joints.

本文通过一座波浪中的三维导管架平台结构的接头应力分析，考察了接头的载荷组合形式随波浪的变化，揭示了不同的载荷组合形式对接头最大应力及其热点位置的影响，分析了将空间接头作为平面接头来估算最大应力时引起的误差，从而说明了进行空间接头应力分析的必要性。

Emphasis is laid on the research progress in the field of new generation speech synthesis technology contributed by USTC iFlytek speech laboratory, which includes integration articulatory and acoustic features for improving the flexibility of acoustic parameter generation; a minimum generation error criterion proposed to replace maximum likelihood for improving synthesized speech quality; use of unit selection and waveform concatenation to replace parametric synthesizer, thus effectively avoiding the limitation of speech quality in HMM based parametric synthesis.

重点介绍中国科学技术大学讯飞语音实验室在发展新一代语音合成技术中的贡献，包括：融合发音器官参数与声学参数，提高声学参数生成的灵活性；以最小生成误差准则取代最大似然准则，提高合成语音的音质；使用单元挑选与波形拼接方法取代参数合成器重构，从根本上改善HMM参数语音合成器在合成语音音质上的不足。

Alternating Direction Implicit-Finite Difference Time Domain is unconditionally stable and the maximum time step size is not limited by the Courant stability condition, but rather by numerical error.

摘要基于交替方向隐式技术的时域有限差分法是一种非条件稳定的计算方法，该方法的时间步长不受Courant稳定条件限制，而是由数值色散误差决定。

Impoundage;; fuzzy description;; fuzzy similarit calibration;; time-variable instantaneous unit hydrograph;; error distribution;; maximum entropy;;dynamic control on reservoir water level in flood season;; risk analysis

论文导师周惠成，论文学位博士，论文专业水文学及水资源论文单位大连理工大学，点击次数 1，论文页数 141页File Size8592K

As a differential detection is used between the intercarrier, the proposed algorithm overcome the high sensitivity to timing error of conventional algorithm and is robust to multi-path. The effect of sample frequency offset can't be ignored in a continuous OFDM system of a large number of subcarriers. The estimation precision of the conventional algorithm is low and the realization is complex. A joint estimation of sample frequency offset and fine frequency offset based on difference operation is proposed. As averaging use a large number of samples in a maximum likelihood algorithm, the estimation precision is very high. The use of difference operation cancel the effect of carrier frequency offset, and the proposed sampling frequency estimation algorithm is robust to carrier frequency offset.

最后，本文对连续系统中的采样频率和载波频率精同步技术进行较为深入的研究，由于子载波数目大的连续OFDM传输系统中，采样频率偏差不可忽视，以往的采样频率估计方法精度低、实现复杂，因此本文提出了一种基于差分处理的采样频率偏差和精载波频率偏差联合估计算法，利用了最大似然算法进行采样频率偏差的估计，由于采用了差分处理方法，消除了载波频率偏差对采样频率偏差估计的影响，采用的最大似然算法对大量样点进行平均化处理，所以，相对以往算法，提出的联合算法估计精度高，而且采样频率偏差估计对载波频率偏差具有鲁棒性。

We employ quarterly data on industrial output, indicators of stock market liquidly, stock market volatility, and banking development during 1986:1-2003:3. We found that the Granger causality between output and financial development variables differ significantly among different knowledge intensity industries.

实证方法上，采用Johansen(1992，1995)之最大概似估计法(maximum likelihood estimate， MLE)来检定变数间是否存在共整合关系；若变数间存在共整合关系，则可以向量误差修正模型(vector error correction model，VECM)为基础，据以探讨金融发展与不同知识密度产业经济成长之因果关系。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。