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It is obviously that a planar point set has innumerable circumscribled circles. To get a minimum circumscribled circle, a mathematical model is built to transform the problem of getting a minimum circumscribled circle to the problem of optimizing function and to solve the function optimization with genetic algorithm.

为求得最小的包容圆，建立了求平面点列包容圆的数学模型，将求最小包容圆问题转化为函数优化问题，并用遗传算法解决了这个函数最优解的求解问题。

Based on Chen's model about axial flow induced vibration of a rod bundle in an unbounded domain, a mathematical model concemed with circular domain is presented, and the expressions for fluid forces are given in detail.

三、基于Chen关于无界域轴向流动中棒束流致振动的模型，推导了有界域棒束轴向流致振动的数学模型，得到了关于流体力的表达式。

The number of sectors is extended from 22 to 39 to be adapted to China status, as well as the demand functions. The circular economy is also considered to make the mathematical energy description more close to the reality as the resource saving and comprehensive reclamation are being advocated.

将模型原来的22个部门扩展到适合我国国情的39个部门，相应地扩展了部门需求函数；考虑到我国近年来大力提倡提高能源资源的综合利用率，模型中增加了循环经济函数，使模型中有关能源资源开发利用的数学描述更接近实际；使用混合型投入产出表技术实现了各能源品种在物质量和价值量上的一致性，为模型的优化计算奠定了基础。

By analytic geometry method and solving quadratic equation,a computer simulation algorithm of digital projection under arbitrary scanning locus was proposed.The algorithm is based on the rules of attenuation of monochromatic X-rays.Through mathematical modeling and computer simulation,digital projections of ellipsoid and cylinder in circular and helix scanning modes are exemplified respectively,which are proved to be correct by FDK and PI-line reconstruction algorithms.

介绍了一种利用解析几何和求解二次方程仿真任意扫描轨迹下的锥束射线投影数据算法，该方法基于单色射线贯穿物体的衰减理论，通过数学建模与计算机仿真，给出了椭球、圆柱两种典型模型分别在单圆、螺旋线扫描轨迹下的投影数据仿真结果，并利用FDK和PI线重建算法进行验证，证明了该种数值仿真方法的正确性。

This paper establishes a mathematical model of the gas flow field inside separating column of the circumfluent circulation cyclone separator based on the N-S equation under column coordinate,gives the resolution of the cyclone flow field in separating column with weighted residual method,and compares computation values with trial values as well.

由柱坐标系下的Navier-Stokes方程出发，建立了环流循环除尘系统分离柱内流速场新的数学模型，利用具有成熟使用经验的加权残值法对流场进行求解，并与实验结果进行了比较。

The details as follow: 1.Based on rules about form error in GB, mathematical models of form error are established including straightness error on the base of minimizing zone method、least-squares method and two dots linked method ; flatness error based on minimizing zone method、lease-squares method、diagonal line and three dots method; circularity and cylindricity error based on minimizing zone method、lease-squares method、minimum circumscribed circle and maximum inscribed circle.

具体内容如下：根据国标中形状误差的相关规定建立了各种要素评定方法的数学模型包括：直线度的最小区域法、最小二乘法、两端点连线法；平面度的最小二乘法、最小区域法、对角线法、三远点法；圆度和圆柱度的最小区域法、最小二乘法、最小外接圆法、最大内切圆法。

So their mathematical knowledge of Newton's theory of classical mechanics is the synthesizer.

于是将自己的数学知识牛顿是经典力学理论的集大成者。

Also developed the calculus which is necessary to perform the mathematical calculations involved in classical mechanics.

牛頓也发展了微积分，那对经典力学的数学计算是必须的。

Fractal dimension will be an important parameter of studying the mathematical and genetical characters of the permeability distribution in clastic rock reservoirs.

分维将是一个研究碎屑岩储层渗透率分布的数学和成因特征的重要参数。

The computable numbers form a real closed field and can be used in the place of real numbers for many, but not all, mathematical purposes.

在可计算数形成一个真正的封闭领域，可用于取代真正的数字对许多人来说，但并非所有数学的目的。

I can still vividly recall the impressive scenes you gave. You were among my friends and relatives who accompanied me from my house to the seaport and when the porters were slow to show up, you obligingly carried my suitcase for me.

你对我的种种感人情意，使我记忆犹新，那天你随着我的亲友从家里送我上轮船，搬运工迟迟不来，你毅然替我提着皮箱上船。

St. Nicholas became the patron saint of Russia, where he was famous for his red cape, flowing white beard, and bishop's mitre.

圣尼古拉成了俄罗斯人的守护神，在那里，他以身披红斗篷，留着飘逸的白胡须，戴着主教法冠而闻名。