查询词典 materials science

The study at the undergraduate stage will provide students with strong backgrounds in theoretical fundamentals and systematic expertise of materials science and engineering, help students learn about the trend of development in this field, master necessary experimental and computational methods, skills, and have a good command of a foreign language, educate students to develop engineering problem solving skills or enable them to develop new materials, products, processes, and equipment, and capacitate them to sort out problems in practical applications by methods of analyzing chemical composition and structure of materials, controlling material manufacturing process and quality, and testing and analyzing material properties, and by techniques of synthesizing materials and processing material products.

学生通过本科阶段的学习，牢固掌握材料科学与工程学科理论基础和系统的专门知识；了解本领域的发展动向；掌握必要的实验、计算方法和技术；精通一门外国语；具有解决工程问题或从事新材料、新产品、新工艺、新设备的开发能力；能运用材料化学成份和组织结构的分析方法、材料的制造过程和质量控制方法、材料性能检测和分析方法、材料的改性技术、材料制品的加工工艺和技术等解决实际应用问题。

Characteristics of raw materials as a result of drug manufacturers to provide raw materials for drugs does not belong to the bulk of raw materials for drugs, so there did not enjoy the current round of big bull market of raw materials, but in appreciation of the RMB and the export tax rebate cut the process to bear the a certain degree of loss, but such enterprises in the raw material drug production enterprises in the highest degree of internationalization, and finished drug is also more closely linked, are most likely to transition to the finished drug business, and its development prospects in the raw materials the most promising enterprises.

原料特色的药物制造商的结果，为药物不属于毒品的原料大宗原材料，所以并没有享受到原材料大牛市本轮，但在人民币升值和出口退税降低的过程承担一定程度的损失，但在国际化程度最高的原料药生产企业，这类企业的成品药也更紧密联系的，最有可能过渡到成品药业务，并在最有前途的企业，原材料的发展前景。

The preparing process is described as follows:(1) the raw materials are dispersed in the solvent;(2) the solution is arranged between two electrodes;(3) alternating current with a voltage of 5 V-100V and a frequency of 10Hz-1000Hz is applied to both ends of the electrodes for 5minutes to one hour;(4) the product obtained after being washed with deionized water and pump filtrated or after centrifugal treatment is dried by being heated to 40 centigrade to 100 centigrade to get the nanometer grain, wherein the raw materials in the first step are micrometer materials or nanometer materials such as sulphide, selenide, telluride and oxide; without special requirement on shape or appearance, the materials can be in the shape of a rod, a fork, a star, a block or a sphere; the solvent in the first step can be water, ethanol, acetone, benzene or tetra chloromethane.

步骤为：1将原料分散于溶剂中；2使制成的溶液处于两电极之间；3在电极两端的加交流电，电压为5V-100V，频率为10Hz-1000Hz，时间为5min-1h；将产物用去离子水洗涤、抽滤，或进行离心处理后；4将所得到产物加热到40～100℃进行干燥，得到纳米颗粒。步骤1中原料为硫化物、硒化物、碲化物、氧化物等微米或纳米材料，其形貌不限，可以为棒状、枝状、星状、块状、球形等多种形状。步骤1中的溶剂可以为水、乙醇、丙酮、苯或四氯化碳。

Table 1 medical packaging materials, containers, scope of pharmaceutical packaging materials, containers, in the form of the name preparation notes plastic bottle kalidehydroandrogropholidi = 50ml material with PP, LDPE Infusion bags, kalidehydroandrogropholidi = 50ml material is PVC, polyalkene glass infusion bottle 50ml clorsulon = injection bottle kalidehydroandrogropholidi 50ml, kalidehydroandrogropholidi = 50ml-molded, control of glass bottle kalidehydroandrogropholidi kalidehydroandrogropholidi 50ml kalidehydroandrogropholidi 50ml ampule medical plastic bottle of tablets, capsules, tablets, colour.10pills glass ampoules, pills and capsules, syrup, oral solution, nanosuspensions, immunoembolization, tincture, linimentum, lotio hard PVC medicinal Tablet and capsule-plastic blister packaging PVC/PE/PVDC medicinal compound hard Tablet and capsule-plastic blister packaging Composite PVC/PVDC medicinal Tablet and capsule hard-plastic blister packaging cold metal forming hard medicinal compound tablets, capsules, suppository materials have nylon/aluminium/PVC double aluminum packaging Tablet and capsule PVC/hard LDPE medicinal compound tablets, capsules, suppository glass bottle ciinincal ciinincal ciinincal plastic bottle medicinal ciinincal medicinal eardrops plastic bottle eardrops medicinal nasal drops plastic bottle nose drops for external use liquid medicinal plastic bottle tincture, linimentum, lotio koufuye of medicinal plastic bottle syrup, oral solution, nanosuspensions, immunoembolization glass control oral bottle syrup, oral solution, nanosuspensions, immunoembolization packaging for medicine bag laminating film, puivis bletillae, feian and Tablet foil Tablet and capsule of unguentum Al fighting、smoke aluminium pipe, oculentum, puivis bletillae, Tin aerosolon, nabulization materials have aluminum, plastic valve pyritionate, nabulization stopple kalidehydroandrogropholidi 50ml, 50ml clorsulon = material bromide, CIIR synthesis of oprene 50ml clorsulon = gasket aluminium caps combination Cap koufuye falchion, kalidehydroandrogropholidi 50ml, 50ml prestrain kalidehydroandrogropholidi = potting needle kalidehydroandrogropholidi 50ml desiccant tablets, capsules, pills and aluminium bottles vinpocetione polyethylene film and bag vinpocetione b, package management and standards on the management of the drug packaging mainly has two modes: a mode of government management, such as Singapore, Indonesia adopted a market access system, United States, Canada, the European Union through the implementation of the medicine on the packaging of the strict management, that is, the drug registration, declare to use medical packaging of related materials; Government departments on the packaging manufacturer production system to carry out spot checks.

表1 药品包装材料、容器适用的范围药用包装材料、容器名称制剂形式备注塑料输液瓶注射剂≥50ml 材料有PP、LDPE 输液膜、袋注射剂≥50ml 材料有PVC、聚烯烃玻璃输液瓶注射剂≥50ml 冻干注射剂瓶注射剂0ml、注射剂≥50ml 模制、管制玻璃注射剂瓶注射剂0ml 安瓿注射剂0ml 口服固体药用塑料瓶片剂、胶囊、丸剂玻璃药瓶片剂、胶囊、丸剂、糖浆剂、口服溶液剂、混悬剂、乳剂、酊剂、搽剂、洗剂 PVC药用硬片片剂、胶囊铝塑泡罩包装 PVC/PE/PVDC药用复合硬片片剂、胶囊铝塑泡罩包装 PVC/PVDC药用复合硬片片剂、胶囊铝塑泡罩包装冷冲压成型药用复合硬片片剂、胶囊、栓剂材料有尼龙/铝/聚氯乙烯双铝包装片剂、胶囊 PVC/LDPE药用复合硬片片剂、胶囊、栓剂玻璃滴眼剂瓶滴眼剂药用滴眼剂塑料瓶滴眼剂药用滴耳剂塑料瓶滴耳剂药用滴鼻剂塑料瓶滴鼻剂外用液体药用塑料瓶酊剂、搽剂、洗剂口服液体药用塑料瓶糖浆剂、口服溶液剂、混悬剂、乳剂玻璃管制口服液瓶糖浆剂、口服溶液剂、混悬剂、乳剂药品包装用复合膜、袋散剂、颗粒剂、片剂药品包装用铝箔片剂、胶囊铝管、铝塑管软膏、眼膏剂、散剂、罐气雾剂、喷雾剂材料有铝、塑料阀门气雾剂、喷雾剂胶塞注射剂0ml、注射剂≥50ml 材料有溴化、氯化丁基橡胶合成聚异戊二烯垫片注射剂≥50ml 铝盖、铝塑组合盖口服液、注射剂0ml、注射剂≥50ml 预灌封注射针注射剂0ml 干燥剂片剂、胶囊、丸剂铝瓶原料药聚乙烯膜、袋原料药二、包装管理及标准各国对药品包装的管理主要有两种模式：一种模式是政府管理，如新加坡、印度尼西亚采取市场准入制的方式，美国、加拿大、欧盟通过对药品的管理实施对药品包装的严格管理即在药品注册时，申报所使用药品包装的相关材料；政府部门对药品包装生产企业的生产体系进行现场检查。

The latest chemical product prices fell, demand has not really visible downstream, the short-term rise in oil prices in the channel, in which phase fluctuations, we continue to be optimistic about with anti-cyclical businesses and new materials, anti-cyclical embodies New Chemical Materials decrease in prices of raw materials is less than the decrease in prices of raw materials at the same time, the cost shift ability, to maintain price stability; civil explosive materials companies fell as a result, prices, countries can enjoy the benefits of; domestic urea production capacity excess of export disruption, high product costs, industry consolidation is inevitable, so concerned about the urea industry with technical advantages and cost advantages of urea enterprises: China Shandong Hengsheng; Although the overall situation of excess nitrogen, but because of the regional characteristics of the domestic fertilizer domestic part of the region will be in a high urea prices, the relevant listed companies will benefit from, such as the Liao Tung Chemical; compound assets as light industry, with the weak cyclical characteristics, the stability of industry profitability, industry leaders concerned about the compound: para Tian shares ; potash by the international market, short-term decline of domestic potash fertilizer prices would have difficulty, Salt Lake Potash in 2009 will be guaranteed a profit, Salt Lake Potash concern.

最新化工产品价格出现下跌，可见下游需求并未真正起来，短期石油价格处在上升通道，在这种上下波动阶段，我们继续看好具有抗周期性的新材料企业，抗周期性体现了化工新材料的产品价格下降幅度小于原料的下降幅度，在原料价格上涨同时，成本转嫁能力较强，价格维持稳定；民爆企业由于原料下跌，价格上涨，可以享受国家指导价的益处；由于国内尿素产能过剩，出口受阻，产品成本居高不下，行业整合在所难免，因而关注尿素行业内具有技术优势和成本优势的尿素企业：华鲁恒升；虽然氮肥全局过剩，但由于国内化肥的区域性特征，国内部分区域尿素价格将处于高位，相关上市公司将因此受益，如辽通化工；复混肥作为轻资产行业，具有弱周期性特点，行业盈利稳定，关注复混肥行业龙头：芭田股份；钾肥受制于国际市场，短期内国内钾肥价格恐难下跌，09年盐湖钾肥盈利将会有保证，关注盐湖钾肥。

The result shows that the requirements and testing methods for flammability of building materials are similar between the United State and Canada, and they mainly are engaged in the test of combustibility and flame spread. In European Union, a new classification system for flammability of building materials was implemented in 2001, which includes two systems; one is for floor coverings and the other for all other building units. In Japan, the interior materials are classified into non-combustible, quasi noncombustible and fire-retardant materials according to Cone Calorimeter method (ISO 5660). China has established a non-combustible test, a three-class classification system for combustible wall and ceiling interior finishing materials and a two-class classification system for combustible floor coverings.

通过研究认为：美国和加拿大对建筑材料燃烧性能的要求和试验方法基本相似，他们主要针对材料的燃烧性、火焰传播进行检测；欧盟于2001年颁布了新的燃烧性分级体系，该分级体系包括专门针对铺地材料部分和针对其他所有建筑构件材料和产品部门；日本采用锥形量热计法(ISO 5660)将内装饰材料分为不燃、准不燃和阻燃材料3个等级；我国对建筑材料的试验方法包括不燃性试验方法、墙和天花板内装饰材料的三级分级体系和铺地材料两级分级体系。

According to the chemical components and biological characteristics, the materials for the repair comprise unabsorbable materials, absorbable materials, composite materials and biological materials.

疝修补材料依据化学成分和生物学特性，可以将其分为不可吸收材料、可吸收材料、复合型修补材料及生物型材料。

Based on the settings and geological and geochemical characteristics of granitoids of different orogenic belts (exemplified by orogenic granitoids in Altay, East Kunlun, Yanshan in North China, Northeast China and Nanling in South China), the relationships between granitoids and continental crustal growth are discussed, and five modes of continental crustal growth in the continent of China are proposed;they are as follows:(1)the Altay mode of continental growth is that the material and heat of the Paleozoic convertive mantle formed on the background of the Paleo-Asian Ocean were input into the Paleozoic continent and mixed with the materials of the upper crust;(2) the East Kunlun mode is that the basement of the Proterozoic orogenic belt was reworked by the heat input and materials of the Paleozoic-early Mesozoic convective mantle formed on the background of TTG continental crust of the Proterozoic orogenic belt;(3) the Northeast China style is that the Phanerozoic continental crust was reworked by the heat input and materials from the convective mantle formed on the background of the Yanshanian Central Asian orogenic belt;(4) the Yanshan mode is that the Archean basement was reworked by the heat input and materials from the Yanshanian convective mantle;and (5) the Nanling mode is that in South China what was input by the Yanshanian convective mantle into the continent was mainly heat and subordinately materials and the crustal material recycle was the dominant mode for the continental growth (showing zero continental growth).

根据不同造山带花岗岩的形成背景，地质地球化学特征差异，以阿尔泰，东昆仑，华北燕山，东北和南岭造山带花岗岩为例讨论花岗岩与大陆地壳生长的关系，区分出中国大陆的5种大陆地壳生长方式：阿尔泰式是古亚洲洋背景上形成的古生代对流地幔物质，热输入和上地壳混合为主的方式；东昆仑式是元古代造山带TTG陆壳背景基础上古生代—早中生代对流地幔物质和热输入，改造元古宙造山带基底的方式；东北式是燕山期中亚造山带背景上对流地幔物质和热输入改造显生宙陆壳的生长方式；燕山式是燕山期对流地幔物质和热输入改造太古宙基底的方式；南岭式燕山期对流地幔输入大陆的是以热为主，物质为辅，大陆地壳生长是以陆壳物质再循环为主的生长方式。

Properties of FRP materials have been improved by experimental and analysis on hybrid of two or three kinds of fiber, and various products have been manufactured accordingly. At the same time, the resin and equipment that are suitable for those FRP materials have been developed. A series of key applied techniques, such as strengthening of steel structures, masonry structures and concrete structures reinforced with prestressed FRP, lossless inspectability of structures and so on, have been developed though experimental research according to requests of engineering. There are four codes and guidelines for applying FRP techniques to construct foundational establishment. Among them, one technical specification was published in May 2003. It can be standardization of applying FRP materials on engineering. There have been more than one hundred engineerings strengthened with FRP materials since 1999 based on research and investigation of FRP materials and techniques.

在材料改性研究以及产品开发方面，通过纤维混杂改性，开发出适用于不同工程要求的单一品种纤维和混杂纤维的FRP产品及配套树脂材料、配套设备机具等；在关键应用技术开发方面，根据工程需要，开发出钢结构加固技术、砌体结构加固技术、预应力加固技术、结构无损检测技术等基础设施建设中应用FRP材料的关键技术；在规范标准编制方面，主持编制国家规范标准4项， 1项已获批准实施，其它3项正在按计划进行；在工程应用方面，应用自主开发的材料和技术，改造、加固工程100多项，创造了巨大的经济效益及广泛的社会效益。

Our company specializes in operating plating materials: sulfamic acid nickel, nickel sulphate, nickel chloride, nickel carbonate, etc.; environmentally friendly sewage treatment materials: polyacrylamide, polypropylene acid sodium, ferrous sulfate, etc.; washing cleaning materials: OP - 10, TX-10, NP-9, K-12, JFC, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, etc.; cosmetic raw materials: Triclosan, Resorcinol, stearic acid and so on, basic chemical raw materials: Industrial salt, soda ash industrial ammonium chloride, ammonium chloride agriculture, Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Molybdate, Ammonium Molybdate, as well as chemical products such as UV-absorbers.

本公司专业经营电镀原料：氨基磺酸镍，硫酸镍，氯化镍，碳酸镍等；环保污水处理原料：聚丙烯酰胺，聚丙烯酰钠，硫酸亚铁等；洗涤清洗原料：OP-10，TX-10，NP-9，K-12，JFC，羧甲基纤维素钠等；化妆品原料：三氯生，间苯二酚，硬脂酸等，基础化工原料：工业盐，纯碱，工业氯化铵，农业氯化铵，元明粉，钼酸钠，钼酸铵等以及紫外线吸收剂等化工产品。

I'm going tor her!

我这就去救她！

As rise are design to help keep a several toney , a brain chemical at continues lever.

SSRI被设计来帮助保持血液中的复合胺即在大脑中一个连续水平的化学物质。