查询词典 materialism

The agonistic process that two kinds of article production to Engels cause on the history theoretically made an analysis, pointing out two kinds of production is the complement to the Marxism and development theoretically, historical materialism cannot simple end is economy deterministic.

本文对恩格斯的两种生产理论在历史上引起的论争过程作了分析，指出两种生产理论是对马克思主义的补充和发展，历史唯物主义不能简单地归结为经济决定论。

China has always been a disciplined and cultured nation, and if it seemed to old China hands that it was not, it is likely that it was the disturbing influence of western materialism and amorality that corrupted the personality of the Chinese who were in contact with it, and who thus became, in essence, its victims.

中国一直是一个守纪律有文明的国家，如果对中国通来说，中国看起来似乎不是那样，有可能是由于受西方实用主义和非道德的影响，这种影响腐蚀了和它接触的中国人的品格，这样就会形成这种看法，实质上，这些中国人也是受害者。

The thinkers of the Lunyu School fully expressed their persistence of individualism and their reconsideration in literary modernity Yet the persistence and escape existed side by side, this mode of behavior and thinking indicated that the self-subject of the modern scholars was illusive and was hard to carry on when the modern scholars were covered by the powerful tradition and deeply controlled by modernity's consciousness of time Chapter Two Reconsidering on the character of modernity with leisure ampleness, resisting the human alienation caused by modern materialism and mechanism with humor, reaffirming the space of self-expression, which formed the humor, the leisure, the modern, and the aesthetic spirit implication of Lunyu School But the modern scholar's powerful inclining to the tradition made Lunyu School's aestheticism draw close to live in seclusion And its aesthetic modernity is also discounted for that reason Chapter Three It is the emotion and the leisure manner owning by the middle aged people that help to bring about Lunyu School's essay's adjusting in main key and moving massively in theme Lunyu School changed the way for "gaining the experience of life"in the twenties'prose It went from highly enthusiastic writings to reserved life-concerning and recite with appreciation in everyday life

第一章 三十年代左翼文学以其"新"、"进步"和"时代性"确立了自己的合理性地位，而时代思潮的转换、文艺与政治的日益密切使五四自由知识分子所坚持的个人主义成了"落伍""颓废"的表征。论语派自由思想者充分表达了对个人主义的执着、对文学现代性的反思，但坚持与逃逸并存的行为与思维模式表明现代士子在忧生伤世的强大传统笼罩下和一往无前的现代性时间意识的深刻控制下，个人主体的难以为继和虚幻性。第二章以闲适的余裕对奔竞躁进、汲汲功利、一往无前的现代性特征进行反思，以幽默对抗现代物质主义机械主义对人灵智的异化，重申自我表现的空间，构成论语派幽默闲适的现代性审美精神内涵。但现代文人对于传统的强大趋同力，则使论语派审美主义向隐逸文化靠拢，其审美现代性由此大打折扣。第三章中年情感与闲适气度直接促成论语派散文基调上的调整及主题的大幅横移，在趣味、游戏、幽默、闲适中改变了二十年代散文"问世"的径路，从意兴湍飞的激扬文字走向了沉潜适世的生命关怀与日常人生的吟味与咀嚼。

This shows that animalism is not the same as materialism--the view that we are material things.

这可以指出动物论和物质论（这个观点说：我们是物质个体）并不相同。

At the same time, both religion and mentalism derive from the primitive's Animatism. Dualism and Agnosticism had a close kin. From materialism, the nature was the foundation of objective anima, demon activities and so on in the primitive hunting tribes.

具有万物有灵论性质的唯心主义过去战胜了科学的唯物主义原因在于：自然科学与社会科学发展的不均衡；所谓的"两重真理论"对宗教的拯救；现存的制度和反动的阶级妨碍知识的传播，妨碍宗教的批判。

After 1924, using the historical materialism, CHEN reappraised the Boxer Movement and praised its spirit of anti-imperialism.

1924年以后，陈独秀运用唯物史观，对义和团重新评价，充分肯定其反帝国主义性质。

Under direction of historical materialism, Chen Du-xiu analyzed the social property according to the invading from the western countries and the variety of the China, and coming to conclusion that the mode of production in China have been changed, China becoming"semi-colony"on the politics, then Chen putting forward the democracy revolution is a modern history topic of the Chinese society, anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism is the basic mission of the democracy revolution.

陈独秀以唯物史观为指导，从西方列强入侵中国和中国社会自身的变化来分析近代中国的社会性质，认为近代中国的生产方式发生变动，政治上成为"半殖民地"，进而提出民主革命是近代中国社会的历史主题，反帝反封建是民主革命的基本任务。

The War Diaries (1939-1940), Being and Nothingness (1943), Anti-Semite and Jew (1946),"Existentialism is a Humanism"(1946),"Materialism and Revolution"(1946), Notebooks for an Ethics (1947-1948), Search for a Method (1954), Critique of Dialectical Reason (1960), and "Notes on Ethics"(1964-1965) are representative examples.

战争日记（1939-1940）、存在与虚无（1943）、反犹太人和犹太教（1946）、存在主义是人道主义（1946）、唯物主义和革命（1946）、伦理学笔记（1947-1948）、方法论研究（1954）、辩证理性批判（1960）、伦理学笔记（1964-1965）就是其中的一些代表作。

But obviously, from many of his writings, we can see his thinking on this issue and his attempt to solve the problem. We can go after his thoughts, study what he had achieved to retrieve an ethics as his one in the middle way. Towards the second question, my answer is both "yes" and "no". The reason I give a positive answer is that it is an undeniable fact that Sartre handed down a considerable quantity of writing on ethics. The War Diaries (1939-1940), Being and Nothingness (1943), Anti-Semite and Jew (1946),"Existentialism is a Humanism"(1946),"Materialism and Revolution"(1946), Notebooks for an Ethics (1947-1948), Search for a Method (1954), Critique of Dialectical Reason (1960), and "Notes on Ethics"(1964-1965) are representative examples.

我承认，因为萨特没有找到一个令人满意的解决之道调和他的个人绝对自由和团体自由以及社会自由之间的矛盾，他对有生之年发表他的伦理学专著犹豫不决，但是，从他的许多作品，我们能够窥见他对伦理学思考的端倪和想要完成这本著作的心愿，因此我们有可能沿着他思想的路径，捡起他撒落的花瓣，走完他走到半途的路程。

First, having experienced World War twice and a variety of economic and political crisis , making participators and witnesses have to reconsider human being' behavior profoundly; Second, the easygoing life people have lived since the beginning of history which follows the established, national, graded and familial tradition outmoded conventions collapsed with the prompt development of modern science and technology, which makes human being reconsider their own way of subsistence and nature again; Thirdly, at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of 20th centuries, the school of materialism, empiricism, the side of naturalism and the side of idealism, apriorism, and spiritualism all realized they have ignored the research on human being's self, thereby the contradictions of different understanding of human being become extraordinarily obvious and pungent

第一，人类历经了两次世界大战和种种经济、政治危机，这使参与者和目击者不得不反思人类的这些行为；第二，人们自有史以来的那种不慌不忙的，按既定的、民族的、等级的、家族的传统陈规所进行的生活，随着现代科学技术的迅猛发展而迅速互解，这不能不使人类重新审视自己的生存方式和本性；第三，在19世纪末20世纪初，唯物主义、经验主义、自然主义一方与唯心主义、先验论、唯灵论一方都意识到自己忽视了对人类自身的研究，从而对人的理解的对立变得异常突出和尖锐起来

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。