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This paper gives a thoeretical analysis on the standard currently adopted in China for the widening of railway track gauge on curves, and points out that this atandard does not tally with the railway oparational actuality, the calculation data used are not in conformity to the present rolling stock conditions in this country and that the marginal radius and the amount prorided for the widening of curved track gauge are on the large side.

本文对我国现行曲线距轨加宽标准进行了理论分析，指出它脫离运营实际，而采用计算数据又不符合我国现有车辆情况，加宽起始半径和加宽值都偏大。提出在理论上比较切合实际的计算方法是车辆按力学自由內接条件计算；机车和少数固定轴距大的车辆，按最小运营半径条件检算，制订我国的曲线轨距加宽新标准。

Writer also recommends the two partial distribution tariff could be the solution for the Beijing area and explains the theories and methodologies of the accounting cost and marginal cost based tariff making and introduces the tariff mechanism and method applied in other countries' electric market. The two partial price, i.e. capacity price and electricity price, is also simulated and performed mathematical calculation based on the figures from the Beijing power grid.

并在分析了基于会计成本和边际成本的输配电服务定价方法及国外电力市场中实际运行的输电价格机制和定价方法的基础上，结合北京地区电网特点，对其配电价格制定进行研究，确定采用两部制形式，明确容量电价和电量电价的理论依据和计算方法，并根据北京电网的数据，对于北京配电网的服务价格进行测算和敏感性与可行性分析。

The study concludes that the future of replacing oil and gas lies with cellulosic ethanol produced from low-cost materials like switch grass or wheat straw, if it is grown on agriculturally marginal land or from waste plant material.

该研究认为，用柳枝草或麦杆等低成本原料（如果种植于边缘农田或来自植物废料）生产的纤维素乙醇将是未来替代石油和天然气的希望所在。

Culm sheaths deciduous to very persistent, tough; blade erect or reflexed, narrowly triangular to strap-shaped. Leaf sheaths persistent; blades moderately large for size of culm, without marginal necrosis in winter, arrangement random, transverse veins distinct.

叶鞘宿存；适中大的叶片适合秆的大小，没有边缘坏死在冬天，随便的安排，离生的横向脉内。

If space is marginal or barely adequate, behavior might be enhanced by manipulating the bird's perception of space.

如果空间小或不够用，行为可能增强鸟儿的空间知觉的利用。

Sliding-scale export tax regimes also were implemented for sunflower, corn and wheat. In the case of the latter two, the average export tax rates are not much different than they were previous to March 10, and the marginal tax rates are less onerous.

向日葵、玉米和小麦也实行浮动出口税制，但就玉米和小麦而言，平均出口税率于3月10日之前基本没有变化，边际税率也相对不高。

In addition, morphology analysis method of the dual value image is also discussed and the practical and improved operations of the four morphological image processing such as electric filter design, marginal pattern testing, skeleton withdrawal and image reconstruction are introduced.

在文章中，我们还讨论了二值图象的形态分析算法，接着引入了形态滤波器设计、边缘形态检测、骨架抽取、图象重建四种形态学图像处理的实用算法及其改进算法。

In addition, morphology analysis method of the dual value image is also discussed and the practical and improved operations of the four morphological image processing such as electric filter design marginal pattern testing, skeleton withdrawal and image reconstruction areint roduced.

在文章中，我们还讨论了二值图象的形态分析算法，接着引入了形态滤波器设计、边缘形态检测、骨架抽取、图象重建四种形态学图像处理的实用算法及其改进算法。

The two processes interact and reinforce each other in three respects: firstly, in Gordimer's interrogation of colonialist assumptions through representing the morbid symptoms of the apartheid society; secondly, in her subversion of the colonialist mis-representation of the "Other"image, dismantling the Othering strategy of colonialism; thirdly, in the respect she gives to the self-representation of marginal groups and consciousness transformation in promoting new modes of culture.

全文以小说主要人物为基本线索从以下三个方面具体说明作家后殖民身份：一、再现种族社会病态特征，驳斥殖民主义思想意识形态；二、颠覆殖民主义关于&他者&形象的建构，解构殖民主义&他者化&策略；三、重视边缘群体自我表达的权利和实践，强调意识转变，积极推动新文化模式发展。

When enhancing marginal tax rate, self-employer will endure relatively large utility loss, which will cause the profession more popular and less activity to establish this kind of self-employed mini enterprises. When enhancing average tax rate, self-employer will enjoy relatively large utility increase, which will cause the profession more popular and more activity to establish this kind of self-employed mini enterprises.

边际税率提高时自我雇佣者的效用损失相对较大，所以被雇佣这个职业更受人们欢迎，人们创建以投资者自我雇佣为主的微型企业的积极性不会很大；平均税率提高时自我雇佣者的效用增加相对较大，所以自我雇佣这个职业更受人们欢迎，将会有更多的人去创建和投资以自我雇佣为主的微型企业。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。