查询词典 map-making

When digital map symbolizes on the screen, we call it electric map, which has the essential function of papery map.

电子地图具有地图的内涵，是数字地图在计算机屏幕上的符号化显示。

It can edit the disaster map element selected including of adding ,querying propertiy data,zooming out,zooming in the map element and so on..systemic establishing solves the segregative fact between the geography position of disaster point and the propertiy data.lt unites them,realizes the mutual consult between the map and data,infinitely increasing the work efficiency.

可以对选择的灾害图元进行编辑，包括对应属性数据的入库、查询、图元的放大、缩小等。系统的建立较好地解决了灾害点地理位置与其属性数据相分离的事实，它将二者统一起来，实现了图数互查，极大的提高了工作效率。

According to the methodology and technology of SOTER at a scale of 1∶1 000 000,a digital spatial database and a simple attribute database at a scale of 1∶200 000 was established in the south of Jiangsu province by integrating relief map, geology map and soil map with Arc/info software.

现有的土壤与地形资料在区域地理与环境研究中是必不可少的，而这些资料经常不能被充分地利用，主要原因是其信息的表达方式很落后-它们常常是零散的、不全面的，并且经常缺乏资源分布的空间与时间序列的信息。

The investigations in this thesis focus on several aspects as follows: We investigate the method that how to produce permutation matrix by using chaotic map, and get the method of image permutation based on chaotic map. This method can make original image to unorderly image to protect the true content of image. We investigate gray level mix function, and put forward a gray level mix function based on chaotic map. Because this function has chaotic characteristics, the image dealed with this function has very uniform histogram. Aiming at the contradiction between error robust and security on image encryption, we put forward a kind of gray level mix function including diffusion mechanism.

本文的研究工作主要集中在以下几方面：研究了如何利用混沌映射产生置乱矩阵的方法，给出了基于混沌的数字图像置乱方法，该方法能够将原始图像变成面目全非的杂乱图像，从而保护了数字图像的真实内容；研究了灰级混合函数，提出了基于混沌的灰级混合函数，由于该函数具有混沌特性，所以经过该函数处理后的图像具有非常均衡的灰级直方图；针对图像加密的错误鲁棒性与安全性之间的矛盾，提出了一种含有扩散机制的灰级混合函数。

From high resolution RS image of study area, gully head locations and land use information can be extracted, by performing overlay analysis on gully head locations map and flow accumulation map, slope gradient map, the slope and upslope drainage area of each gully head can be obtained.

采用的方法是RS技术与GIS技术相结合的方法，利用高分辨率卫星影像提取研究区内所有切沟的沟头位置和土地利用状况，将沟头位置与研究区的水流汇流网络图、坡度图作叠加分析，得到切沟沟头的坡度和上游汇水面积。

The contour map is the easiest to distinguish the height of the terrain. According to the study, it demonstrated that the contour map has to be understudied by learning.But there have not suitable teaching materials to supply learning. However, the conventional map is restricted on the paper; the real world must be displayed by usingthe two-dimension. From this research, using the olography in order to get observe the terrain of stereoscopic vision and analyze the geology.

中文摘要等高线地图是最易判别地形高低的地图，但相关研究中显示等高线图必须经由学习才能看的懂且并无适当的教学媒材及设备供学习，而早期传统的地图受限於纸上，必须将真实的世界以二维的方式来展示，现在如果透过全像立体影像的技术，便可将一般平面影像制作成三维立体影像，以便於做地形的立体观察及地质判释。

In order to satisfy the user cognitive demands,the simplification map are used to provide the whole route information which includes only simplification route and the landmarks on the way,and the map display contents are visualized depending on the placename"s ranking;the paper also studies the different simplify principles from traditional map synthesis,that is ,releases the veracities of route geometry elements such as length and angle for the sake that the relative user"s task cognitive informations are displayed with clarity and legible on the limited screen;researches on the route simplify algorithms that preserving the topology-coherence.the paper exploits the application software for LBS navigation service.

在满足用户当前认知需求前提下，提出用简化路线图提供整个路线信息，简化图中包含已简化过的路线和路线两边的地标，而且地图内容可视化依据于地名等级；研究不同于传统制图综合原则的路线认知简化原则，即放松路线中几何元素的准确度，以确保与用户任务相关的道路认知信息最大清晰度地展现在有限屏幕上；研究保持拓扑一致性的快速路线简化算法。

The main function of Digital Track Map is realized in VC++ environment, which includes data input, map display, object property setting and map verification, etc.

论文在VC++平台下实现了数字轨道地图的主要功能，包括数据的输入、地图显示、对象属性设置、地图验证等。

Wire electrode based on the trajectory of the different forms of control, WEDM can be divided into three types: one is shaped by the imitation controlled cutting in line in advance and work to create the same shape by mold, when processing the workpiece at the same time rough and on the mold clamping in the machine tool table, in the process of cutting wire electrode tightly against the mold on the edge of the track for the mobile, thus cutting out and die on the same shape and precision to the workpiece; another One is the electro-optical tracking control, to carry out the cutting line, before the basis of certain parts to enlarge the proportion of drawings depicts an electro-optical tracking map-processing machines will be placed in design stage of electro-optical tracking, tracking platform Photoelectric first line of graphics has always been to follow the track of the Mexican campaign, and then through the use of electrical, mechanical linkage to control the machine tool table, together with the workpiece so相似形wire electrode relative movement, thus cutting out the same shape and design to the workpiece; again a digital control, the use of advanced automatic control of digital technology-driven machine tool in accordance with the pre-processing parameters according to the workpiece geometry pre-processing procedures for the preparation of a good CNC auto-complete processing, the production does not require appearance on board the need to map to enlarge map of the previous two form of control has a higher machining accuracy and a broad range of applications, both at home and abroad more than 95% have adopted WEDM NC.

根据对电极丝运动轨迹的控制形式不同，电火花线切割机床又可分为三种：一种是靠模仿形控制，其在进行线切割加工前，预先制造出与工件形状相同的靠模，加工时把工件毛坯和靠模同时装夹在机床工作台上，在切割过程中电极丝紧紧地贴着靠模边缘作轨迹移动，从而切割出与靠模形状和精度相同的工件来；另一种是光电跟踪控制，其在进行线切割加工前，先根据零件图样按一定放大比例描绘出一张光电跟踪图，加工时将图样置于机床的光电跟踪台上，跟踪台上的光电头始终追随墨线图形的轨迹运动，再借助于电气、机械的联动，控制机床工作台连同工件相对电极丝做相似形的运动，从而切割出与图样形状相同的工件来；再一种是数字程序控制，采用先进的数字化自动控制技术，驱动机床按照加工前根据工件几何形状参数预先编制好的数控加工程序自动完成加工，不需要制作靠模样板也无需绘制放大图，比前面两种控制形式具有更高的加工精度和广阔的应用范围，目前国内外95%以上的电火花线切割机床都已采用数控化。切割属电加工范畴，是由前苏联人发明的，我国是第一个用于工业生产的国家，当时由复但大学和苏州长风机械厂合作生产的这是最早的机型叫复旦型，我们国内在此基础上发展了快走丝系统。欧美和日本发展了慢走系统LS

When I'm satisfied with the general volume a shell modifier helps me to give thickness to the piece. In this phase, I don't usually bother that much about every single rivet, hole or cut, I just try to develop a good quad topology of the main volumes. Of course the topology is done by taking count of the main cuts and holes, but the rest can be done easily with a normal or bump map. It's up to you to decide how much a single detail is worth to be modeled or can it be put into a bump map. I usually adopt a "comfortable" criteria...it means that if something looks tricky to me to be carved or extruded into an existing geometry I usually put it into a normal map. When you make something for production, you don't usually have much time to model everything, so you need to set priorities.

当我对整个盔甲的体积感满意之后，一个shell修改器就可以帮我给整个盔甲添加厚度，在这个阶段，我通常不会考虑太多那些细小的铆钉，洞眼或者切边，我只是给整个的模型确立一个好的四边形拓扑结构，当然拓扑是通过重视主要的切割和打洞来形成的，但其余那些细小的部分可以用一个normal 或者bump贴图很容易地模拟出来，这由你来决定到底一个细节是值得建模还是放到一个bump贴图里面，我通常采用一个&舒服&的标准，也就是说，如果有什么东西对我来说，在已有模型上再挤出或者开洞是非常麻烦的，那么我就通过Normal贴图来表现，而当你为商业生产制作模型时，你通常都没有足够的时间来把任何东西都建出来，因此你需要设置重点。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。