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The evolution process under the control of the multigeodynamic force system (including the boundary forces of Eurasia-Pacific-Indian three massive plates around Nansha block, effects of the deep mantle, relative soft layer-sliding planes within Nansha lithosphere block and the earth's rotational inertial force) can be briefly divided four stages: the late Cretaceous to the early Eocene stage of uprilfing-erosion and shear-extension caused by the oceanwards-eastwards withdrew of Pacific subduction zone and the delamination of proto-subducted slab after the stage of pre-Cretaceous pre-rifting active continentoceanic plate margin. In this stage, the Nansha transcrustal layering-block started to move southeastwards on the Nansha transcrustal layer-sliding plane, meanwhile, the Andu-Bisheng and Liyue-Banyue basement layering-block slid on their upper-crust layer-sliding planes, and Xibu accretion zone was formed. Successively, it entered the stage of the mid-Eocene to early Oligocene, when NW-SE sea-floor spreading occurred in the southwest subbasin owing to the slip-line field initiated by the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates, Zengmu foreland-basin started to develop in the same time. And in the stage of late Oligocene to early Miocene, near NS simple-shear extension and sea-floor spreading in the central subbasin of eastern South China Sea resulted from the south-southeastwards drawing-force of the mantle-flow. The crustal layering-blocks and the Miri accretion zone formed also in this stage.

南沙岩石圈新生代微板块及板内层块构造的动力演化过程，在多元动力等因素(如块体之外的欧-太-印三大板块运动边界力和地幔深部活动因素、块体内部软弱层滑面以及地球自转变化)控制下，大致经历了4个阶段的演化：从前晚白垩世的裂前活动陆-洋板块边缘阶段因太平洋俯冲带向东跃迁、原向NNW俯冲消亡的板片的拆沉、幔隆而进入晚白垩世-早始新世的隆升剥蚀、剪切伸展演化阶段，南沙超壳层块顺超壳层滑面祥东南运移、安渡-毕生与礼乐-半月基底层块沿上壳层滑面拆离，西布增生带形成；继而先后在中始新世-早渐新世期间受印-欧板块碰撞滑线场、地球自转加速影响出现西南海盆NW-SE向海底扩张和曾母前陆盆地的发育，和晚渐新世-早中新世期间南—东南向地幔流牵引造成的中央次海盆近NS向单剪伸展与海底扩张、壳体层块向南差异滑移、米里增生带形成；中中新世以来，印度-澳洲板块快速向北俯冲，构成今日南海格局。

Based on the subcrustal mantle convection-generated stress field inversed by gravity anomalies, together with its relationship to the Cenozoic volcanism in the plateau, and the mechanism of crustal fracture formation, as well as the numerical results of the evolution of mantle convection beneath the plateau, this paper investigates the deep mechanical mechanism for the formation of a magma transportation channel in the Tibetan Plateau.

为了研究火山形成基本要素―岩浆运移通道的形成，基于重力异常反演的青藏高原下地壳底部的地幔对流应力场，结合地壳破裂形成机理和对流应力场与青藏高原新生代火山分布的关系，以及青藏高原下地幔对流演化的数值模拟结果，分析了高原火山岩浆运移通道产生的深部力学机制。

The research has shown that the ourgassing of the Earth can be regarded as a key link,which connects the separated branches of the Earthscience into a whole mega system The essence of Earth outgassing is the expelling of mantle ichorspontaneously and radiately from the interior of the Earth,resulting in five gas spheres and gas geodynamics The upwelling of HANCONS makes the solid mantle and crust to ulcerate by the alkaline mesomatism,alteration and magma formation, and the ...

地球排气的实质是幔汁(HACONS超临界态流体)从深部自发向上、向外的辐射排放，结果形成了地球内外的 5个气圈和气体地球动力学，幔汁上涌后通过碱交代作用产生蚀变和岩浆并促使原来为固体的上地幔、地壳发生溃变，在地球的 3个基本动力，即重力、地球自转变速、圈层旋转差速和天体潮汐力联合作用的大前提下诱发出大地构造运动、地球演化和自然灾害。

The essence of Earth outgassing is the expelling of mantle ichorspontaneously and radiately from the interior of the Earth,resulting in five gas-spheres and gas geodynamics.The upwelling of HANCONS makes the solid mantle and crust to ulcerate by the alkaline mesomatism,alteration and magma formation, and the geotectonic movement,natural hazards and evolution of the Earth under the general control of gravity,rotation rate changes of the geospheres and tiding forces from the planets,especially the Moon.

地球排气的实质是幔汁（HACONS超临界态流体）从深部自发向上、向外的辐射排放，结果形成了地球内外的5个气圈和气体地球动力学，幔汁上涌后通过碱交代作用产生蚀变和岩浆并促使原来为固体的上地幔、地壳发生溃变，在地球的3个基本动力，即重力、地球自转变速、圈层旋转差速和天体潮汐力联合作用的大前提下诱发出大地构造运动、地球演化和自然灾害。

The continental mantle geochemical characteristics and crust-mantle evolution in the west of Yangtze Plate was discussed through the study of some within-plate basic ultrabasic rocks from Lower Proterozoic to Later Paleozoic in this paper.

本文通过对扬子板块西部从早元古代至晚古生代不同时期的多个板内基性超基性岩的地质地球化学研究，探讨了扬子板块西部大陆地幔的地球化学特征及壳幔演化机制。

We infer that these three earthquakes are mainly caused by vertical deformation of upper mantle and material exchange between crust and upper mantle.

根据本文反演得到的高分辨率的S波速度结构，我们认为这三个强震的成因与上地幔的垂直形变、壳幔物质的交换和地壳中的流体有关。

There are high-velocity density layers in the lower crust, which would be represent crust-mantle mixing layer formed by mantle material upwell The model of lithosphere subduction and underplating of mafic magma is supported by all geophysic data

在下地壳下部存在高速致密物质层，可能代表了上地幔物质上涌形成的壳-幔混合层，上述地球物理资料均支持岩石圈消减作用和玄武岩浆底侵作用。

Cloud-like lower velocity materials in upper mantle upwell from depth of 150km, and flow along mantle weak zones at about 60～130km Upwelling of lower velocity materials are most obvious along the Tan-Lu faults and Yanshan area.

从地幔内低速体的宏观形态上看，呈现"蘑菇云状"，好象是低速体从150km深度以下沿幔内薄物带呈不规则柱状体上升，并在65-130km处向四周平流延展所致，而郯庐断裂带以及太行山以东的燕山地区附近，低速体的上升最为明显。

Based on the study of correlativity of Ol-Opx-Cpx contents in North China and South China, it shows that some peridotite xenoliths from Hannuoba, Pingquan, Nvshan, Puning, Qiongbei, and Niutoushan area may represent the older mantle material compositions, and some peridotite xenolith from Ximeng, Penglai, Linqu, Quzhou, Mingxi, and Liuhe area may represent the younger mantle material compositions.

通过对华北、华南两区橄榄岩包体中的O1与Opx及Cpx的相关关系的分析研究认为，华北汉诺坝和平泉地区，以及华南女山、普宁、琼北、牛头山等地区的部分橄榄岩包体，代表了老地幔；锡盟、蓬莱、临朐及衢州、明溪、六合等地区的部分橄榄岩包体代表了较新地幔。

All results above account for that CO_2 gas in Jiyang Sag have multi origin and mainly abiogenetic, and mantle is the dominating source, a few may come from biogenesis; and in the process of gas pools forming, some mantle CO_2 lost by converted to CH4 or carbonate, some crust CO_2 added into the gas pools; CO_2 gas pools in Huagou district have particular geochemical character, maybe there were some decarbonated CO_2 added into the gas pools, need further research work.

以上种种特征都说明，济阳坳陷非烃类气藏中气体具有多来源的特征，但CO_2主体是无机成因，并主要来自地幔，少量来自有机成因；在成藏过程，幔源CO_2通过转变为CH_4或者碳酸盐岩而丢失了部分CO_2，壳源CO_2和其它烃类加入到气藏中；花沟地区的气体地球化学特征与众不同，可能存在碳酸盐地层变质脱气产生的CO_2的混入，但具体原因尚待进一步研究。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。