查询词典 mandible

Histological examination demonstrated bone formed in accordance with intramembranous ossification in distraction zone and bony connection between the transport disc and mesial mandible on right side; On the left side, there was a big defect at the area of both distraction and defect zone because of dislocated bone transport disc, and no obvious new bone regeneration was found.

组织学检查：见9周后右侧牵张区形成新生骨质，符合膜内成骨，传送盘与近中牵张区形成骨性连接；左侧由于骨传松盘离开缺损区，牵张区与缺损区形成一较大的凹陷，未见明显新骨形成。

Objective: To treat bilateral fractures of mandible by using internal fixation, through intraoral incision approach.

目的：应用坚固内固定原理治疗双侧下颌骨骨折，并探索口内入路的手术方法。

At one side of the jaw, a calarial bone graft (baseline 3 4 0.64 mm) was placed at the inferior border of the mandible and was fixed with a standardized screw-type titanium microimplant. At the contralateral side, an ischiac bone graft (baseline 3 4 0.87) was transplanted. The healing period was 5 months.

将这些小鼠分为4组（A5，A11，B5，B11）。A5组：暴露双侧下颌骨下缘，在一侧下颌骨下缘用标准化微型钛螺钉固定3*4*0.64mm的颅骨移植物，在对侧固定3*4*0.87mm的髂骨移植物。

Results: 1Intense ERα immunoreactivity localized in the hypertrophic and maturative layer,and some immunoreactivity was found in osteoblasts of mandible and temporal bone,while no immunoreactivity was found in the disc and synovium.2The expression of ER...

TM J是雌激素作用的靶器官，ERα参与了雌激素对TM J的作用；雌性大鼠中老年阶段ERα表达降低可能与女性患者TM J紊乱病的第二个发病高峰有关。

Results: 1 Intense ERα immunoreactivity localized in the hypertrophic and maturative layer, and some immunoreactivity was found in osteoblasts of mandible and temporal bone, while no immunoreactivity was found in the disc and synovium. 2 The expression of ERα in male rats TMJ cartilage was higher than that in female ones. 3 In the condyle cartilage of male rats, the density of ERα positive cells decreased with age, which kept stable after 16 weeks of age. 4 In the condyle cartilage of male rats, the density of ERα positive cells was stable from birth to 8 weeks, but decreased from 16 weeks to 12 months, while the density in 18-month group recovered to the level of 8 weeks. Conclusion: TMJ is one of target organs of estrogen, and ERα plays an important role in the effect of estrogen on TMJ.

结果：1TMJ中ERα主要在髁突软骨的肥大层和过渡层表达，下颌骨和颞骨的骨细胞也有少量表达，而关节盘、滑膜中几乎无表达；2雄性SD大鼠髁突软骨中ERα的表达明显强于同龄的雌性大鼠；3在雄性大鼠TMJ髁突软骨中阳性细胞密度随年龄增长逐渐降低，16周以后逐渐维持在相对稳定的水平；4雌性大鼠从出生后到8周龄阳性细胞密度基本稳定，在16周龄至12月龄年龄组阳性细胞密度显著降低，而在18月龄后又恢复到8周龄以前的水平。

Results 4 factors (mandible rotation factor, facial height factor, dental and skeletal saggital factor and maxillar rotation factor) were extracted from 156 items including age, gender and craniofacial characteristics by data reduction and factor analysis procedure.

结果对年龄、性别、颅面特征等156项指标经聚类和主成分分析精简为30个变量，再通过因子分析提取出4个因子（下颌旋转因子、面高因子、牙骨矢状因子和上颌旋转因子）。

AngleⅢmalocclusion with TMD Compared with AngleⅢmalocclusion and thenormal group. In AngleⅢmalocclusion with TMD. there have greatly significant variations,transversely. During mandible open and close, the protrusion and reptrution in anydirections and medio movement in no-work sides,the range of condyle pathways of AngleⅢmalocclusion with TMD are bigger than the AngleⅢmalocclusion but shorterthan that of the normal group.

4在AngleⅢ类错伴TMD组和对照组AngleⅢ类错(牙合组、正常组相比：各项运动在Y轴上位移变异最大，在开闭口运动和前伸后退及侧方运动非工作侧中髁突运动最大位移范围基本上是正常组＞AngleⅢ类错伴TMD组＞AngleⅢ类错组。

The clinical characters of oligodontia concluded from this study are following:(1) There is significant difference that more teeth absent and more existent teeth anomalies in patients of oligodontia/S group than in patients of oligodontia/I group, and the peg-shaped upper lateral incisor is the most frequently affected teeth with shape anomaly.(2) Both of the two groups have no significant differences in number of teeth missing between maxilla and mandible as well as that between left and right side.(3) The distribution of teeth missing is bilateral symmetry in both groups, but the frequency of teeth lost are different: excluding the third molar, in oligodontia/I group, the lower second premolar is the most frequently congenitally missing tooth followed by the upper lateral incisor, while in oligodontia/S group, the most frequently missing teeth are mandibular canine and maxillary lateral incisor. Nevertheless, the first molars are the most stable teeth in both groups.(4) In oligodonita/I group, the mean mesiodistal dimensions of all type of existent teeth are significantly smaller than normal value. It is implied that oligodontia is not an isolated phenomenon, but is related to a complex of other dental changes.

对于口腔多个恒牙先天缺失的临床特点有以下初步结论：(1)综合征型先天缺牙患者较单纯型先天缺牙患者恒牙缺失数目更多，平均分别为23.9个和14.9个，且现存牙齿有更多的形态异常，分别为7／10例（70％）和6／22例（27.3％），其中最常见的是上颌侧切牙畸形；(2)两种类型的多个恒牙先天缺失患者的缺牙数目在上下颌及左右侧之间均无差别；(3)两种类型的多个恒牙先天缺失患者在缺失牙位上均呈对称分布，但在具体牙位上有所差异：不计第三磨牙，单纯型先天缺牙最常缺失的牙位是下颌第二双尖牙、其次为上颌侧切牙；而综合征型先天缺牙最常缺失的牙位是下颌尖牙和上颌侧切牙；无论何种情况，第一磨牙均为牙列中最稳定的牙齿；(4)在单纯型先天缺牙患者中，现存恒牙的牙冠宽度较国人正常值偏小，差异显著，提示牙齿形态与多个牙先天缺失有一定相关性。

Methods: Fifty-fix adolescents were chosen and divided into first premolar extraction and nonextraction groups, with 30 and 26 patients respectively. The pretreatment and posttreatment panoramic radiographs were taken. The indexes of third molar eruption space, distance from third molar to occlusal plane and the length of mandible were measured and analyzed.

选择56例上下颌第三磨牙均存在的患者进行方丝弓正畸治疗，按照第一前磨牙拔除与否分为拔牙组（30例）和非拔牙组（26例），利用术前术后曲面断层片对患者上下颌第三磨牙萌出间隙、第三磨牙与胎平面的距离以及下颌长度进行测量分析。

Taken together, these findings suggest that Bmp-4, Shh and Wnt-5a gene expressions may act together on the epithelial-mesenchymal interactions occurring in several aspects of the early mouse craniofacial development, such as odontogenesis, neuronal development, maxillae and mandible ossification, palatogenesis and tongue formation.

综上所述，这些研究结果表明，骨形态发生蛋白4， Shh和Wnt信号- 5A型基因表达共同作用，对早期小鼠颅面部的发育中上皮间的相互作用产生很大影响，如牙齿的发育，神经发展，上颌骨和下颌骨骨化及舌头的形成。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。