查询词典 management cost

Innovation achievements of this dissertation are mainly in the content and the method, namely: presents the content of EAP thoroughly and systematically; reviews the cost, utility and empirical studies of EAP; investigates the cost and utility of EAP theoretically, conducts the typical survey of the EAP implementation of a domestic enterprise; establishes multivariate linear regression equation of EAP utility; sets up an allocation model of EAP cost through Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThis dissertation\'s conclusion is that EAP cost is related to the time and frequency of EAP used by employee under the fixed cost, the tendency of using EAP is related to demographic characteristics and other factors, the utility of EAP is related to the personal preference of using EAP at least, the utility of EAP is leastwise related to 7 factors, the relationship with the supervisor is the most important factor in the workplace, personal health is the largest part of EAP cost.

本文的创新成果主要是内容上的创新和方法上的创新：对EAP的内容进行了全面、系统的梳理；对EAP的成本、效用和实证研究进行了综述；对EAP的成本、效用进行了理论上的探讨；对国内企业实施EAP的情况进行了典型调查；建立了EAP效用的多元线性回归方程；用层次分析法建立了EAP的成本分摊模型。本文得出的结论是：在固定成本不变的情况下，EAP的成本与员工使用EAP的时间及次数有关系；EAP的使用倾向与人口统计学特征和其它因素有关；EAP的效用至少与个人对EAP的使用偏好有关；EAP的效用至少与7个因素相关；与上级的关系是工作场所中最重要的因素；个人的身体健康是EAP成本中花费最大的部分。

Under the condition of the following- factors concerning the optimization models:the investment cost, operating cost, unfair cost, payment evade cost, drivers" extra cost and environmental pollution cost.this paper raises the optimized models of multi-modes payment of teH collection system and its algorithm is proposed by SAGA -hybrid optimization strategy, which can simultaneously optimize the following results: the optimum locations of toll stations, numbers of toll stations, the numbers of different tolling, modes" tailgates of every toll station, ETC users discount rate.and can estimate the installation rate of TAG of every toll station.the actual traffic flow capadty of different toiigate, can obtain the best toll collection system under the different simulated decision conditions.

本文充分考虑了驾驶员缴费技术选择与缴费车道选择的特性，提出了驾驶员缴费方式随机选择模型；在考虑了收费系统的投资成本、营运成本、不公平成本、漏收成本、驾驶员的额外成本和环境污染成本等因素的基础上，提出了多收费方式收费系统的优化模型，提出采用模拟退火遗传算法进行收费系统寻优的算法，可同时优化出一个收费系统的收费站位置与数量、不同收费站不同收费方式的收费车道数和ETC用户的折扣率等参数，可估算不同收费站TAG的安装率、不同收费车道实际使用量，可模拟不同决策情境下的最佳系统资源配置方案。

Then, interruptible load is introduced into transmission congestion management in the paper. The paper discusses the application of interruptible load to transmission congestion management in power pool market. Market risk of evade is very important in transmission congestion management. The FGR, FTR, TO are introduced into transmission congestion management, its concept and implement in bilateral market are discussed in the paper. It provides the valid means of evadable price risk for the market participant. The reasonable allocation of congestion cost is very important in transmission congestion management. The paper proposed a novel methodology for allocation of congestion cost based on the line flow analysis.

然后，将可中断负荷引入到输电阻塞管理中，对其在电力联营体交易市场模式下输电阻塞管理中的应用进行了全面阐述；市场风险的规避是输电阻塞管理中需要考虑的重要内容，本文将基于潮流的输电权、金融型输电权及输电期权引入到输电阻塞管理中，阐述了其基本概念以及在双边交易市场模式下的具体实施，为市场参与者提供了规避价格风险的有效手段；阻塞费用的合理分摊是输电阻塞管理中的重要内容，本文提出了一种基于阻塞线路潮流组成分析的阻塞费用分摊新方法。

It is it with request that law run a country, establish the system of perfecting the fire control law, manage the fire in accordance with the law to meet to want, build the socialist fire control state with an adequate legal system; Meet the needs of market economy, change the administrative management function of fire control, implement macroscopical management service, set up norm perfect , turn round coordinating , transparent high-efficient administrative management system of fire control; Arouse the enthusiasm that the society of various fields launches fire control work, set up the social mechanism of management of security against fire taken charge in unison and jointly administrate; Cultivate and develop fire control intermediary affairs not to organize in a more cost-effective manner , use market lever is it promote fire control to work to regulate, advance fire control work socialization; Meet the needs of socialist spiritual civilization, strengthen and improve the fire control propaganda work in a more cost-effective manner, cultivate and carry forward the modern firecontrol culture of the distinct Chinese characteristics, raise the whole peoples consciousness of security against fire and fire control quality; Meet the requests of the market economy and accession to the WTO of our country, strengthen the products management of fire control, advance the industrial modernization of fire control, realize the development of national fire control industry.

要适应以法治国的要求，建立健全消防法律体系，实行依法治火，建设社会主义消防法制国家；适应市场经济的要求，转变消防行政管理职能，实行宏观管理服务，建立规范完善、运转协调、透明高效的消防行政管理体制；调动社会各方面开展消防工作的积极性，建立齐抓共管的社会消防安全管理机制；大力培育和发展消防中介事务组织，运用市场杠杆调节促进消防工作，推进消防工作社会化；适应社会主义精神文明建设的要求，大力加强和改进消防宣传工作，培育和弘扬中国特色的现代消防文化，提高全民的消防安全意识和消防素质；适应市场经济和我国加入世贸组织的要求，加强消防产品管理，推进消防工业现代化，实现民族消防工业的振兴。

Quality cost calculating system is an important part of enterprise's quality cost management in Advanced Manufacturing Environment,pointed out that quality cost must be re-identification under the concept of"reasonable quality",the name of quality cost account、the calculating range of quality cost account and their corresponding relationship must be clearly defined.

提出了在先进制造环境中，质量成本核算体系是企业开展质量成本管理的重要内容，指出必须在"合理质量"观念下重新界定质量成本，对质量成本核算科目的名称、核算范围以及对应关系进行明确的规范，设计符合先进制造环境要求的质量成本核算体系

Based on the study and inheritance of the domestic and overseas achievement in the related field, this thesis makes research into the theory and application: On theory, this thesis puts forward the concepts of Engineering Cost, Engineering Cost Management and Engineering Cost Estimation, analyzes the relation between them; And it introduces the factors which influence the engineering cost estimation, then puts forward the study of the methods; It particularizes the common methods of estimating the engineering cost, introduces the principle, the operation and the application condition, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each method; By introducing the mention, the principle, the reasoning process and the comparison with the traditional reasoning mechanisms, it makes out the essence of this method, and views it as a whole.

本文在研究、继承已有国内外研究成果的基础上，在理论和应用方面都进行了研究：理论方面，提出了工程造价、工程造价管理、工程造价估算的概念，分析之间的相互关联；介绍工程造价估算的影响因素，提出对编制方法的探讨；列举出目前常用的工程造价估算方法，介绍各种方法的原理、使用方法及应用条件，分析各自的优缺点；通过介绍基于案例推理的提出、基本原理、推理过程和与传统推理机制的比较，剖析该方法的精髓，对其有了整体把握。应用方面，基于对研究对象的深刻理解，分析了工程造价估算问题和基于案例推理二者结合的必要性和可行性；建立了基于案例推理的工程造价估算系统，综合运用模糊数学、灰色理论、运筹学等知识，构造了系统算法；并运用上述理论和方法进行了实例分析，实现了基于案例推理的工程造价估算问题的初步研究，使得运用基于案例推理方法解决工程造价估算问题的设想得到了肯定。

Current, the personnel of team of highway project cost basically comes from the unit such as cost management, design, construction and inspect manage, these cost personnel each has his strong point but also be short of somewhat each, although some passing,take an exam through cost engineer, but one part personnel is in short-term inside the requirement that still cannot accord with engineer of highway project cost.

目前，公路工程造价队伍的人员主要来自造价治理、设计、施工及监理等单位，这些造价人员各有所长但也各有所缺，虽然有的通过培训或通过造价工程师考试，但一部分人员在短期内还不能符合公路工程造价工程师的要求。

The system is based on the design characteristics of the small - to-day work of a property management system, systems for information management, maintenance management, equipment management and cost management at the core and auxiliary functions to statistical data, the realization of the small systematic management.

本系统是根据小区日常工作特点设计出的一个物业管理系统，系统以资料管理、维修管理、费用管理和设备管理为核心，并辅助以数据统计功能，实现小区内工作的系统化管理。

The authors advance multi-dimension data model and build a custom-made applying scheme. It satisfies the managers with providing project's cost information from all views and improves the share-out in overhead cost, represent the cost information more fully. It turns from passive management to active and enhance the cost management efficiency.

作者通过建立多维数据模型，构建基于用户定制的应用框架，满足了管理者从各个角度审视项目成本消耗的需求，改进了对间接成本的分摊管理，完整的表现成本信息，实现了在信息化管理中从传统的被动获取信息到主动获取信息的转变，提高项目成本管理效率。

Finally, the thesis makes a study on how to manage the education cost within SHEE institutions by proposing that the successful experience of managing enterprise responsibility cost should be introduced in order to establish a regionalized responsibility cost management system that will be conducive not only to the management of education cost but also to the further development of SHEE institutions.

最后论文对高等教育自学考试机构教育成本管理中存在的问题和适宜的方法进行了探讨，主张引入企业责任成本管理的成功经验，以区域为整合体构建一套有利于教育成本管理、适合高等教育自学考试机构发展的责任成本管理制度。

As of Tuesday, Google's results were still censored in China.

截至周二，谷歌的搜索结果仍受中国审查。

In order to make the positive action increase and negative one decrease, the sub-forces of the social factors must be adjusted to form a centripetal force.

在这一过程中，人的主体性发挥是社会有机体健康发展的灵魂。