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The main work of this dissertation is constructing Arabidopsis gain of function mutants pool, screening mutants related to plant defense response, cloning the genes and studying their functions. The main results are as following:(1) Arabidopsis in planta transformation were made by Agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying the activation tagging vector pSKI015 with herbicide-resistant Bar gene as a selective marker. About 12000 independent transformant lines were acquired by the above method from which two mutants related to plant defense response and development, asr1 (auxin and salicylic acid responsive 1) and dai1 (drought tolerant and abscisic acid insensitive 1) were isolated.

本文以拟南芥为实验材料，以激发标签为技术平台，构建了拟南芥的功能获得突变体库，从中筛选具有抗病、抗逆表型的突变体，克隆基因并进行基因的功能研究，取得的主要结果如下：(1)利用含激发标签质粒pSKI015的农杆菌直接转化拟南芥植株，以抗除草剂的Bar基因为筛选标记，获得了约有12000个独立转化株系的突变体库，并从中筛选到2个与抗病、抗逆和发育相关的突变体asrl(auxin and salicylic acid responsive l)和dail(dought tolerant and abscisic acidinsensitive l)。

This observation provided a strong support to the point that most leaves export the most of assimilates in the light time. Plasmodesmal densities between SE/CC, CC/PP, PP/PP and PP/BSC (bundle-sheath cell) decreased in weak light. Plasmodesmata were observed between CC/SE (nacreous-walled sieve element), PP/BSC in branch veins in normal light intensity, but not in weak light. Thus apoplasmic pathway may be the main mode of transport of assimilates in weak light, however symplasmic pathway may be the main mode of transport of assimilates in normal light intensity.

在筛管/伴胞、伴胞/韧皮薄壁细胞、韧皮薄壁细胞/韧皮薄壁细胞和韧皮薄壁细胞/维管束鞘细胞之间的胞间连丝密度都在弱光条件下下降，在正常光照强度下支脉筛管/伴胞和韧皮薄壁细胞/维管束鞘细胞之间可以观察到胞间连丝，而在弱光下几乎观察不到胞间连丝的存在，所以同化物的运输在弱光条件下可能以质外体运输为主，而在正常光照强度下，共质体运输可能是主要的运输方式。

The time of the pedogenic process was in the last ice age, therefore this area was colder and drier in climate and lower in sea level than today. The main chemical process in the soil was oxidation, a period of the formation of oxide minerals such as limonite. With the deposition and covering of the marine facies layer in the postglacial period, the soil turned into diagenetic process. Consequently the chemical process in the soil was dominated by reduction and this process was the main development period for nodules of iron-manganese carbonate to form.

成土期处于末次冰期低海面、气候寒冷干燥期，土壤的化学过程是以氧化作用为主，是褐铁矿等氧化性矿物形成时期；冰后期海相层的沉积覆盖使土壤层进入成者阶段，土壤层的化学过程以还原作用为主，成岩过程是铁锰碳酸盆结核的主要生成期。

Precombat The first main phase in each turn is called the precombat main phase.

战斗前的行动阶段」意指回合中的第一个行动阶段。

The precombat and postcombat main phases are individually and collectively known as the main phase.

战斗前的行动阶段和战斗后的行动阶段各自独立，但合称为行动阶段。

A turn consists of five phases, in this order: beginning, precombat main, combat, postcombat main, and end.

一个回合依序分为五个阶段：开始阶段、战斗前的行动阶段、战斗阶段、战斗后的行动阶段，以及结束阶段。

The random errors of main factors in flood regulation process are identified; and combining flood forecast, the randomnesses of main parameters such as initial reservoir level, inflow flood, outflow flood, etc., are analyzed. By using the first order second moment method and theoretic distribution, the random distributions of parameters are described then the routing process of a certain preflood limit water level is random, which can well reflect the random preflood influences in actual regulation.

对防洪调度过程各主要相关参数进行了随机误差识别，结合洪水预报对起始水位、人库洪水、泄流等主要参数的随机性进行分析，应用一次二阶矩法和相应的理论分布函数描述事件的随机分布，对应某一汛限水位的调洪过程不再是一确定过程，而是具有随机分布特性，反映了实际防洪调度中各随机因素的影响作用。

Ore deposit, have been studied detailly; the orebody pattern (sedimental bedded ores combined with stringer ores of hydrothermal origin) is also outlined; four metallogenic epoches are devided; the zoning of mineralization (including zones of ores, elements, mineral assemblages and temperature of mineralization) have been depicted; the main types of wall-rock alteration are characterized as propylitization of basic rocks and pyritization-sericitization-silicification of acidic pyroclastic rocks; the origin of ores and seven kinds of main minerals have been studied; and the metamorphism and deformation of orebodies is thought mainly due to the shearing and the intrusion of subvolcanic rocks

研究了七个矿化带特别是I号矿床的矿床地质特征，描绘了矿体的双层结构(沉积矿石与热液充填交代的细网脉状矿石)，划分了四个成矿期次，区分了矿化分带(包括矿石组构的成因分带、元素分带、矿物组合分带、温度分带)，指出了围岩蚀变的主要特征是细碧岩青盘岩化而石英角斑质凝灰岩黄铁绢英岩化；对矿石及七种主要矿石矿物的成因作了研究；探讨了矿体的变质、变形，指出韧性剪切及次火山岩侵入的热力作用和应力作用是导致矿体变质变形的主要原因

The research aimed to discussed the differences of main nutrition components among wild and cultivated Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum and common vegetables. Some main nutrition components of wild and cultivated Pteridium aquilinum var.

［目的］探索野生蕨菜和栽培蕨菜以及常见栽培蔬菜所含主要营养成分的种类和数量的差异。

Relative contents of four main cellular proteins corresponding to MALDI-TOF-MS peaks m/z 4466, m/z 6455, m/z 6514, and m/z 7772 were all found to be close correlated with the concentration of melamine, although their up- and/or down-regulations showed different patterns when the concentration of melamine changed. Support vector regression leave-one-out method, with the optimized polynomial kernel function and a poly-degree of 3, was chose to evaluate the correlation between the alteration of Tetrahymena pyriformis main proteins'relative contents and the concentration of melamine in the culture medium.

支持向量机软件中支持向量回归support vector regressi(来源：A3cBC17论b1文网www.abclunwen.comon， SVR留一法预报结果表明，选用幂指数为3的多项式核函数进行建模，相对误差的平均值为7.238%，说明梨形四膜虫主要蛋白质相对含量的变化与培养基中三聚氰胺浓度变化相关。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。