查询词典 lower-class

The first level and the lower level both have their objective functions and constraint conditions, the objective function and constraint conditions of the first level not only have relations with the upper decision variable, but also depends on the optimal value of the lower level.

上层和下层各有目标函数和约束条件，上层问题的目标函数和约束条件，不仅与上层决策变量有关，而且还依赖于下层问题的最优解或最优值。

The properties of the λ-cut sets of the lower and upper approximation are discussed,and then the F-Union Decomposition theorem of the lower and upper approximation of rough fuzzy sets is given.

基于此，本文在逐一增加属性形式下的等价类F-分解的基础上，讨论了粗模糊集的F-分解形式，并给出了粗模糊上、下近似集合的F-分解定理及相关推论。

The key of new process focuses on 2 points:one is lower cold deformation ratio and another is 2nd annealing at lower temperature(250 , 30 min). Relevant comparison experiments show that new...

工艺的关键在于在相对低的最后一次变形率(ε=30%)条件下，进行低温二次退火(250℃/30min)，用该工艺轧制所得银带在自然时效时力学性能十分稳定。

The performance of traditional particle filter would be degenerate in alpha stable distribution noise.A new fractional lower order particle filter based on fractional lower order model was presented in this paper,and the detailed operation algorithm was proposed.

在alpha稳定分布噪声下，传统的基于二阶模型的粒子滤波器性能会出现退化，文章提出了一种基于分数低阶模型的分数低阶粒子滤波器，并给出了具体的运算公式。

Empirical evidence in this paper shows that the price of A shares in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock market is inconstant with the random walk model, and that low-dimension deterministic chaos process are found in the time series of Shanghai A shares index with a Correlation Dimension of 1.4, which means that the degree of randomness is lower than that of grown-up capital markets, and so the lower of the efficiency degree to some extent.

本论文所做的实证研究表明，沪深A股市场价格并不呈随机行走状态，而是存在非线性结构；上海A股市场指数收益率序列存在低维确定性混沌过程，其维数大约为1.4，这一数值远低于成熟资本市场的指标，这表明上海股票市场指数收益率序列随机性低于成熟资本市场。

The output tuning range was 1810MHz~1930MHz, and the LCVCO used cross-coupled complementary full differential topology with switching capacitor array to cover frequency band, which could lower the VCO gain in each single band and further lower the whole PLL's phase noise performance.

LCVCO的输出频率范围满足1810MHz~1930MHz，采用交叉耦合互补全差分结构和开关电容阵列，实现多带覆盖所需频率范围，降低了单带VCO增益，进而降低了整体相位噪声。

The reason of this is that near the horizon we look through a very great thickness of the lower atmosphere, which is full of the larger dust particles reflecting white light, and this diluter the pure blue of the higher atmosphere seen beyond, And in the vicinity of the sun a good deal of the blue light is reflected back into space by the finer dust, thus giving a yellowish tinge to that which reaches us reflected chiefly from the coarse dust of the lower atmosphere.

这是因为我们向天边望去时，目光要穿过极厚的低空大气层，其中布满颗粒较大的尘埃，反射出白光，这就冲淡了天际高空大气层的纯蓝色。在太阳附近，大量蓝光则由细微的尘埃反射回太空。这样，主要由低空大气层的粗粒尘埃反射到地面的光线，便带有浅黄色。

For an orthodontic case with the discrepancy of the discoordination between the length of palate bone and tooth size or for a case with skeletal discrepancy of the unsymmetry upper and lower jaw in their size and position, the most common treatment is to extract the upper ahd lower first or the second premolar.

一般矫正治疗，对於齿槽骨和牙齿大小长度总和的不调和或上下颚骨骨骼性大小、位置不对称，其处置原则通常都以上下颚第一小臼齿或第二小臼齿等4齿做为拔除对象来进行矫正治疗。

After adjustment for other known and potential risk factors for diverticular complications, men with the highest intake of nuts had a 20 percent lower risk of diverticulitis compared with men with the lowest intake; men with the highest intake of popcorn had a 28 percent lower risk of diverticulitis compared with men with the lowest intake.

调整后的其他已知的和潜在的危险因素憩室并发症，男子的最高摄入坚果有百分之二十的风险较低憩室与男子相比最低摄入量；男子的最高摄入量的爆米花了百分之二十八降低憩室与男子相比最低的摄入量。

The details of the plan is, no differentiating for the advanced charge user and the reveres charge user, and for weather taking up the domestic toll circuit. The upper limit standards is that calling lower to 0.6yuan/min,called lower to 0.4yuan/min.

方案内容为，不区分后付费和预付费用户、不区分是否占用国内长途电路，国内漫游通话费上限标准，主叫降为每分钟0.6元、被叫降为每分钟0.4元。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐