查询词典 low-energy

The results showed that older age, women, widowed, low level education , unemployed, have religious belief and low income, obesity , unhealth status, many doctor visits, no exercise and low sleep hours have bad quality of sleep.The study reveals that the sex, marital status, education, body mass index, health status, doctor visits, exercise status and sleep hours under six hours were significant associated with the quality of sleep.

本研究针对国人睡眠品质以及失眠情形加以探讨，研究结果显示，年龄越大、女性、丧偶、教育程度低、无工作、有宗教信仰以及个人收入较低者、肥胖者(BMI≧27)、自觉健康状况不佳、就医次数多、无运动以及睡眠时数小於6小时者的睡眠品质有较严重的情形；其中性别、婚姻状况、教育程度、身体质量指数、自觉健康状况、就医次数、运动状态以及睡眠时数小於6小时者是影响睡眠品质的因素。

With the support of a major research grant of Zhejiang Province (No. 001101027) and the Plan of Promoting Education of Excellence of Zhejiang University in the 21st Century, this dissertation is devoted to address the above problems and fabricate an L-band EDFA with low cost, high performance and technological innovation.First the mechanism of an erbium doped fiber amplifier is introduced. Various theoretical models based on classical rate propagation equations are summarized and compared for their applications. We use a modified numerical model based on the Giles model, which agrees with the experimental results well. This serves as the theoretical base for the whole thesis and will be used to optimize the characteristics of EDFAs. A novel method based on a map of noise figure and gain is proposed to analyze efficiently the dependence of the noise figure and gain for EDFAs on the EDF length and the pump power. The characteristics of various EDFAs are studied and compared.Secondly, some important parameters are introduced to describe the characteristics of EDFAs. The methods and the experimental setups for measuring the gain and noise figure of an EDFA are emphasized. We introduce how to measure the characteristics of each component of an EDFA, especially the gain and absorption coefficient of an erbium doped fiber.Thirdly, four types of simple and novel L-band EDFA structures with low noise, high gain and low gain ripple are proposed to satisfy the requirement of a DWDM system. They can be classified into two categories. In the first category, a single ASE pumping is served asa secondary pump. This category includes the following three types. Type: a new construction using a fiber Bragg grating in an unpumped EDF section at the input side. Type: a new structure of L-Band EDFA with two-stage pumps, which utilizes the forward ASE as a second pump.

本论文本着科技创新、服务于生产实践的精神，以设计价格低廉，性能优越、结构合理简单的L-band EDFA为目标，依托浙江省科技厅重大科学基金资助项目(001101027)和浙江大学振兴教育计划资助的全光网络的搭建—《光通信技术》课程实验建设项目，展开了如下工作：首先，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器的工作原理，归纳总结了基于速率方程基础的EDFA的各种理论模型，分析比较了各个模型的特点和适用场合，最终选择完善的Giles理论模型作为本论文分析设计EDFA的理论基础；针对实际实验条件提出了修正的EDFA模型的数值计算方法；创新地提出了增益—噪声系数全局分析法，直观有效地分析了EDFA的增益和噪声系数与掺铒光纤长度和泵浦功率的依赖关系，并对各种EDFA的性能作了全面的比较；第二，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器特性参数的定义与测量方法，重点介绍了噪声系数和增益系数的测量方法及实验装置；介绍了组成掺铒光纤放大器各组件的特性测量方法，重点介绍了测量掺铒光纤参数的方法和实验装置；第三，针对WDM系统对L-band EDFA谱平坦、低噪声、高增益的要求，我们创新地提出了四种不同的L-band EDFA结构，按设计思路可以分为两大类：一类是基于单抽运二级泵浦法，这一类包括在未泵浦掺铒光纤的输入端插入一根布拉格光纤光栅的两段L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于前向ASE光作为二级泵浦源推动下一级EDF工作的泵浦分配、两段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于单根光纤光栅、泵浦分配、两段级联的EDFA；另一类则是基于同时应用前后向C-band ASE作二级泵浦源的双抽运法，如基于前后向ASE光作为二级泵浦源的三段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构。

Since founding a state, our country is adopted to agricultural production data " small profits but quick turnover, valorize or depreciate appropriately " and in the center of 1974 5 are made " the provisional regulation of allowance of agriculture machinery product " wait for policy to maintain go up in quite low level, the price deviates from badly value, go up with international have can compare a gender congener product is compared, low 50%-70% of value of product of our country agriculture machinery, some is low even multiple above.

建国以来，我国对农业生产资料采取&薄利多销，稳定物价或适当降价&以及1974年中心五部制定了&农机产品补贴的暂行规定&等政策维持在相当低的水平上，价格严重背离价值，与国际上具有可比性同类产品比较，我国农机产品价格低50%-70%，有的甚至低数倍以上。

If the whisper clean or low mode is selected, the controller 36 actuates the motor 24 to continuously operate at a relatively low speed to rotate the motor shaft 26 and fan 28 at a relatively low speed.

如果选择了轻度或低级模式，控制器36会促动马达24在相对较低的速度下连续运转，从而在相对较低的速度下旋转马达轴26和风扇28。

Comparing with marine oils in the adjacent areas, all crude oils in Hade 4 oil field (except for HD401 well) have following peculiarity: very similar in the composition of light hydrocarbon fraction, and the distribution of of phytane-series isoprenoid alkanes, high concentration in steranes, terpanes and their aromatized compounds, as well as rearranged steranes; low concentration of gammacerane, 24-norcholestanes and 24-rearranged steranes, and low C〓 regular steranes C〓/(C〓+C〓+C〓＜20%; 3-methyl steranes and 27-norcholestane predominated, respectively; very low concentration of dinosterane and 4-methyl steroid.

分析表明，与相邻地区海相原油比较，除最南端的HD401井原油外，其它井区原油均具有下述特点：轻烃馏分组成十分接近、植烷系列类异戊烯烷烃分布较为一致、甾萜类和芳香甾萜类环状化合物浓度较高、重排甾烷丰度较高、伽马蜡烷含量低、规则甾烷组成中C〓丰度低C〓/(C〓+C〓+C〓＜20％、甲基甾烷中以3-甲基甾烷为主、甲藻甾烷和4-甲基甾烷丰度极低、降胆甾烷中以27-降胆甾烷为主、24-降胆甾烷和24-重排降胆甾烷丰度低。

The results are shown as below.1 Tectono-thermal evolution: The history of the Songliao basin is divides into four stages, high-temperature doming and extension, high-temperature rifting, low-temperature depression, and low-temperature shrinkage. Numerical simulation of mechanical process shows that the basin appeared in the early- to late- Jurassic as a result of rapid low-angle subduction of the Pacific plate towards the northwest, of movement of the Siberian block towards the southeast, of many other influences such as internal thermal stress in the mantle, gravitational force, stress of phase transition, etc. Both the Pacific plate and the Siberian block slowed down in the early Cretaceous, and almost stopped in the middle Cretaceous with the rapid decrease of abnormal heat in the mantle below.

盆地构造热演化力源机制数值模拟研究表明：早、中侏罗世至晚侏罗世晚期，盆地演化主要是太平洋块体向北西方向以低角度快速俯冲和西伯利亚块体向东南俯冲共同作用的结果，同时也与地幔内部热力、重力、相变力以及地球自转及公转速度变化效应和上覆块体绝对运动的作用有关；早白垩世早期至早白垩世中期，来自东部太平洋块体俯冲作用的减弱，而这一时期影响盆地演化的主要力源是地幔内部热力、重力、相变力以及地球自转及公转速度变化效应和来自西伯利亚块体俯冲作用；进入早白垩世晚期至晚白垩世早期，由于双重俯冲带中西侧俯冲作用带基本停止活动，而本区地幔热能的快速衰减则控制盆地的构造热演化；晚白垩世晚期以后，太平洋块体活动加强和地幔热运动是影响盆地演化的主要动力。

Besides various interferences, the wave front diffusion, the ground absorption and the attenuation are all the causes of a weak seismic reflection and, plus the complicated superficial geologic setting and the reservoir bed features of low amplitude, low porosity and low permeability of the compacted thin detrital rock in HJQ, the conventional seismic amplitude fidelities do not meet the criteria of the seismic inversion.

除各种干扰外，地震波传播过程中的波前扩散、大地吸收、衰减等使地震反射能量变弱，加之杭锦旗地区复杂的表层地质条件和低幅、低孔、低渗致密性薄层碎屑岩的储层特点，使常规保幅地震资料离地震反演的要求还有差距，并且反演技术本身不具备噪音识别功能，包含噪音的反演必然会影响地质效果。

It is reported, this year since January 5, according to countrywide punish Internet the wind of low common is special the deploy of action videophone conference, mechanism of this city public security does in city net announce take the lead harmonious below, cooperate closely with relevant section, up to proper motion discovery deleted bawdy pornography, low common on March 9 undesirable information more than 7800, close early or late stop, rectify bawdy pornography violates a website on the net 31 the home, columns 52, unit of examination Internet service, couplet network unit 1190, proper motion of unit of directive Internet service is sealed, bawdy pornography and low common are undesirable on screen pack information more than 25700, uncover a network bawdy pornography violates guilty case 7 cases, arrest illegal crime suspect 24 people.

据悉，今年1月5日以来，按照全国整治互联网低俗之风专项行动电视电话会议的部署，本市公安机关在市网宣办牵头协调下，与相关部门密切配合，截至3月9日自行发现删除淫秽色情、低俗不良信息7800余条，先后关停、整顿网上淫秽色情违法网站31家、栏目52个，检查互联网服务单位、联网单位1190家，指导互联网服务单位自行封堵、过滤网上淫秽色情和低俗不良信息25700余条，破获网络淫秽色情违法犯罪案件7起，抓获违法犯罪嫌疑人24人。

The ultramafic rocks outcropped at the Altyn region are all harzburgites. Remant grains of primary minerals have melted residual texture and elastic deformation texture under high temperature and pressure. The whole-rock analyses show their low TiO〓 contents (0.01～0.04%), low Al, Ca and high MgO contents and wide Mg〓 range (89.35～95.57). Rare earth patterns have two types, namely tabacco pipe-shped and LREE-shaped, of which the former is often seen. The chondrite-nomalized Yb values of these analyses are all lower than 1. The spinels have low Ti and high Cr content and most spinels have Cr# higher than 60. All of the above characteristics show that the ultramafic rocks in the Altyn fault zone are components of metmorphic peridotites of ophiolite from depleted mantle source and most ophiolites from this zone belong to supra-subduction zone type ophiolite with a few mid-ocean ridge basalt type.

阿尔金露头区的超基性岩全为方辉橄榄岩，残余的新鲜矿物颗粒发育有熔融残余结构和高温高压下塑性变形结构，全岩分析显示样品TiO〓的含量低，为0.01～0.04％，具有低的Al和Ca，MgO含量高，Mg〓为89.35～95.57；稀土配分型式有两种，即烟斗型和LREE亏损型，前者占绝大多数，Yb球粒陨石标准化后的值全都小于1；尖晶石低Ti高Cr，大部分尖晶石的Cr〓大于60，上述特征说明阿尔金超基性岩是蛇绿岩的地幔橄榄岩成员，来自亏损的地幔源区，阿尔金蛇绿岩大多属于俯冲带之上型蛇绿岩，有少量的大洋中脊型蛇绿岩。

The criteria for woody ground cover plants were summarized as, low height, easy ramifying, strong adaptability, easy propagating, and good colony expressive force. There are abundant woody ground cover plants resources, including creeping shrubs, low shrubs, low bamboos and woody climbers in China, but only a few species are used in landscaping, and it is short of researches in biological characteristics and landscaping design.

木本地被植物应当具有植株低矮、易分枝、适应性强、繁殖容易、群体表现力好的特点；我国具有丰富的木本地被植物种类，可以分为匍匐灌木、低矮灌木、地被竹和木质藤本4类，但目前园林中应用的种类较少，而且对其生物学特性和配置方式缺乏研究。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。