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Results The tinnitus frequency, severity of subjective tinnitus, audiogram types and some items of function test above hearing threshold were significantly different in the five groups (P.05). Specific features of pure-tone test were found in the five groups: tinnitus frequency was low, whole- frequency hearing threshold high, audiogram even, short increment sensitivity index at 1 kHz high and tone decline at 4 kHz low in the syndrome of invasion of wind-heat; tinnitus frequency was high, high-frequency hearing loss common, audiogram abruptly descending, SISI and TD at 4 kHz high in the syndrome of liver-fire up-stirring; subjective tinnitus was loud, audiogram abruptly descending or gradually descending, SISI and 7W at 4 kHz low in the syndrome of stagnation of phlegm-fire; tinnitus frequency was high, subjective tinnitus low, audiogram markedly descending or hill-like, SISI and TD at 4 kHz high in the syndrome of kidney-essence deficiency; average hearing loss was less, audiogram irregular but abruptly descending or notched in most cases, SISI at 4 kHz low in the syndrome of weakness of spleen-stomach.

结果］耳鸣频率、自觉耳鸣程度、听力图类型及部分阈上功能测试指标在各证型间具有显著性差异(P.05)，这些指标在不同的证型中表现出不同的特点：风热侵袭型的耳鸣频率较低，全频听阈升高，听力图多为平坦型，短增量敏感指数得分在1kHz较高，而4kHz音衰值较低；肝火上扰型的耳鸣频率较高，听力损失以高频为主，听力图多为陡降型，4kHz SISI得分及TD值均较高；痰火郁结型的自觉耳鸣响度较大，听力图以陡降型或缓降型为主，4kHz SISI得分及TD值均较低；肾精亏损型的耳鸣频率较高，而自觉耳鸣响度较低，听力图以显降型或山型为主，4kHz SISI得分及TD值均较高；脾胃虚弱型的平均听力损失较小，听力图无一定规律性，但以陡降型或切迹型为主，4kHz SISI得分较低。

The erythritol is produced industrially by Zhongshi Gerui biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zibo by means of utilizing Candida lipolyti developed by China Food Fermentation Industry Inst. And with the preservation number of CGMCC No.1431 as the high erythritol yield spawn and deep liquid fermentation of glucose. The erythritol is used as functional sweetening agent in sugar substitute for diabetics, low calorie sugar, low calorie beverage, low calorie cake, low calorie candy, low calorie milk product, etc.

具体是指淄博中食歌瑞生物技术有限公司与开发出赤藓糖醇高产菌种――解脂假丝酵母 Candida lipolytic 的中国食品发酵工业研究院合作，利用保藏编号为 CGMCC No.1431的解脂假丝酵母 Candida lipolytica 菌种，用葡萄糖深层液态发酵，工业规模制取的赤藓糖醇；作为功能性甜味剂，在下述产品中的应用：糖尿病人代用糖，低热量佐餐用糖，低热量饮料，低热量糕点，低热量糖果，低热量奶制品和低热量冰激淋或低热量雪糕或低热量冰糕。

The results indicate that cultivated land quality gives priority to middling and high quality grade in Dazu located in hills region and Liangping located in low mountains and hills region, to middling and low quality grade in Pengshui located in low and medium mountains region, and to low and middling quality grade in Wuxi located in medium mountains region, which shows low or high hypsography gives significant effects on total quality of cultivated land in hills and mountains region.

结果表明：丘陵区大足、低山丘陵区梁平以中高等地为主，低中山区彭水以中低等地为主，中山区巫溪以低中等地为主，地势起伏对丘陵山地耕地总体质量具有重要的影响。

Low magnetic susceptibility, low CaCO_3, low organic carbon concentration C_(org, low C/A (Chenopodiaceae/Artemisia) ratio, low Sr concentration and, hence, high Rb/Sr ratio in the lake sediments indicate a cold but moist climate during the global Little Ice Age in the Daihai area.

岱海地区小冰期最盛期是以高Rb/Sr比值、低磁化率、低CaCO_3、低C_、低C/A比和孢粉浓度的湖泊沉积为特征的，反映流域所经历的冷湿的气候环境。

Low magnetic susceptibility, low CaCO3, low organic carbon concentration, low C/A (Chenopodiaceae/Artemisia) ratio, low Sr concentration and, hence, high Rb/Sr ratio in the lake sediments indicate a cold but moist climate during the global Little Ice Age in the Daihai area.

在明确湖泊沉积物Rb/Sr比值古气候指示意义的基础上，通过AMS-14C和210Pb精确定年及12.08米岱海沉积岩心的Rb/Sr比值、碳酸盐含量和有机碳含量的变化，恢复了包括中世纪暖期、小冰期及全新世适宜期等典型气候事件在内的全新世环境演化过程，基本认识是：全新世早—中期9-3.5kaB.P。

Extreme climate elements such as torrential rain, extreme high temperature, extremely low temperature and so on are always used to analyze and evaluate an extreme climate event. There was a continuous sleeting and freezing process with low-temperature in the beginning of 2008. The process had the characteristics of large and sustained precipitation and snowfall, deep and long-time snow accumulation, long time in daily low-temperature with not so-low extreme low temperature. Therefore, it wasn't objective and accurate to choose any single one of these elements to analyze and evaluate this process.

评估极端气候事件，往往用某一项极端气候要素进行分析评估，如暴雨量、极端最高气温等。2008年初出现的持续低温雨雪冰冻过程，具有雨雪量大、持续雨雪时间长、积雪深、积雪时间长、低温持续时间长、但极端最低气温不低的特点，用其中任一因子评估定位该过程，都不能全面反映该过程的综合影响特征。

A typical case of polar low occurred on 26 February 1996 over the Sea of Japan is investigated. The analysis exhibits the spatial structures at different stage of this polar low event. At the initial stage of the polar low, the largescale environmental condition is characterized by a strong baroclinic zone in the low-level (below 700 hPa). The upper-level environmental circulation is almost barotropic. At the mature stage, a high IPV anomaly is situated over the surface polar low and a shallow layer of instability overtops the polar low center.

通过对1996年2月26日发生在日本海上的一个典型的极地低压个例的分析，揭示了极地低压在不同阶段的空间结构：在初始阶段，低层（700hPa以下）的大尺度环流场具有明显的斜压结构，而上层环流场基本上是正压的；在成熟阶段，极地低压的地面中心的上方IPV具有正异常，极地低压地面中心之上有一个浅的不稳定层。

During the fracturing for low pressure and low permeability gas reservoirs, there are some main problems in conventional hydroxypropylguar - organic boron cross-linking system: Firstly, the water-lock damage to low pressure and low permeability gas formations by filter liquor; Secondly, the reason for alkali-sensitive damage in alkali-sensitive reservoirs is that conventional hydroxypropylguar - organic boron cross-linking fracturing fluids were cross-linked under alkaline environment, while the permeability of reservoirs is reduced greatly; Thirdly, the formation pressure is low, and the energy of flow back is not enough, at present, the main measure in oil fields is "injecting with liquid nitrogen", but this technique increased the cost of fracturing, making great troubles in operating, and leaving the liquid nitrogen also is a big problem.

在低压低渗透气藏的压裂改造过程中，常规羟丙基胍胶-有机硼交联压裂液体系存在的主要问题，一是压裂液滤液对低压低渗透气层造成的水锁损害；二是常规羟丙基胍胶-有机硼压裂液是在碱性条件下交联的，对碱敏性储层造成碱敏损害，降低储层渗流能力；三是地层压力低，压裂液返排能量不足，当前各油田采取的措施主要是&液氮伴注&技术，但是&液氮伴注&技术增加了压裂的费用，而且液氮存放也存在较大问题。

Based on the above cases, aiming at the actuality and practical cases of low-resistivity oil/gas reservoir log interpretation and evaluation in this thesis, beginning with analysing the intrinsic characteristics and physical properties of low-resistivity oil/gas reservoirs, all kinds of formation origin and mechanism of low-resistivity oil/gas reservoirs are analysed systematically and a great many of examples are given. Then the low-resistivity oil/gas reservoirs are classified by their formation origin. By setting up all kinds of interpretation models of low-resistivity oil/gas reservoirs, discussing and studying the low-resistivity oil/gas reservoir interpretaion and prediction methods, a set of practicable and systematic well logging interpretation and evaluation methods is obtained.

鉴于此，本文针对低电阻率油气储集层测井解释和评价的现状与实际情况，从认真分析低电阻率油气储集层的基本地质特征和物理性质着手，系统地分析了低电阻率油气储集层的各种成因和机理，并例举了大量实例，在此基础之上，对低电阻率油气储集层进行了科学的成因分类，建立了各种低电阻率油气储集层的解释模型，并对低电阻率油气储集层的测井精细解释与评价预测方法作了深入的探讨和研究，形成了一套较为实用的低电阻率油气储集层测井精细解释与评价方法系统。

One of the following conditions for the second pressure vessel: in the pressure vessel; low-pressure container (only for the extreme toxicity of the medium and highly hazardous); low pressure reaction vessel and the low pressure storage container (only the degree of flammable or toxic medium degree of harm); low pressure shell and tube heat recovery boiler; low glass-lined pressure vessel.

2下列情况之一为第二类压力容器：中压容器；低压容器(仅限毒性程度为极度和高度危害介质)；低压反应容器和低压储存容器(仅限易燃或毒性程度为中度危害介质)；低压管壳式余热锅炉；低压搪玻璃压力容器。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。