查询词典 logic

Discuss the relationship between fuzzy logic and probabilistic logic by comparing PL with the fuzzy logic based on distributive lattice with a boundary element and make clear some indiscriminations about this problem.

7给出值域为布尔代数的格值逻辑的概率解释；相对于值域为含分界元分配格的模糊逻辑作比较，讨论了模糊逻辑和概率逻辑的密切关系和根本区别，并据此澄清了逻辑文献中关于这一问题的某些混淆。

The characteristics and contribution in this period primarily consist in: the logic merges into an integral whole, making progress from simple analogy to strict deduce, connotate-logic conversing denote-logic, Hetuvidyā handling the question of main phrase broken, its investigative point and dogmata background having variety with Hetuvidyā development.

这时期的特点及贡献主要在于：逻辑学与认知理论融为一体；从简单的类比进展到严格的演绎；内涵性逻辑转化为外延性逻辑；能够处理主词不存在的命题；其研究的侧重点和教理背景随因明理论的进展而有所变化。

But, by semantic embedding the theorem derivations in object logic usually descends to ones in base logic, which not only requires users know the encoding quite well, but also lower the abstraction level of object logic, and readability and hand-reexecutability of proofs.

但是，语义嵌入方式下目标逻辑定理推导常常向基逻辑下降，这不但要求用户了解编码细节，而且也大大降低了目标逻辑的抽象性以及PVS一向追求的证明可读性和手工可再现性。

Studying the course of development of these two kinds of logic from this point of view,one can find that rationalist philosophy always attaches importance to deductive logic,and experientialist philosophy to inductive logic.

从这一点出发考察此二种逻辑的发展过程可以发现，演绎逻辑总是受到理性主义哲学的重视，归纳逻辑总是受到经验主义哲学的青睐。

The method includes establishing one reverse mapping list comprising list items; reading the mapping data recorded in the data block state list item area to the list items during system initialization; checking reverse mapping list and finding the data block in Flash memory during reading some logic block; and writing the updated data into the empty data area of one new data block, writing the mapping data between the new logic block and the new data block into the state list item area and updating the mapping data of the corresponding list item in the reverse mapping list during writing some logic blcok.

包括：建立一个由表项组成的反向映射表，一个表项对应一个逻辑块；在系统初始化过程中，将数据块状态表项区中记录的映射信息，按逻辑块号与表项间的对应关系读取到各表项中；读取某逻辑块时，以其逻辑块号作为表项索引查找反向映射表，定位到表项，根据表项中记录的映射信息，在Flash存储器件中查找到数据块；写入某逻辑块时，将更新数据写入一新数据块的空白数据区中和将该逻辑块与新数据块间的映射信息写入状态表项区中，同时更新反向映射表相应表项的映射信息。

According to the problems that are encountered in designing the mathematical knowledge representation language in NKI (national knowledge infrastructure) and after the discussion of ontological assumptions for mathematical objects, two kinds of formalisms for the representation of mathematical knowledge are provided. One is a description logic in which the range of an attribute can be a formula in some logical language; and another is a first order logic in which an ontology represented by the description logic is a part of the logical language.

根据在设计NKI(national knowledge infrastructure)的数学知识表示语言中遇到的问题，并在讨论了数学对象的本体论假设的基础上提出了两种数学知识的表示方法：一种是以一个逻辑语言上的公式为属性值域的描述逻辑；另一种是以描述逻辑描述的本体为逻辑语言的一部分的一阶逻辑。

In terms of this framework, we have designed a pointer logic system for a subset of C language. The style of this logic is something like the style of Hoare logic. It can be used for accurate pointer analysis of pointer programs. The information from the analysis can be used to prove the side conditions of typing rules and then to support static type checking of programs.

根据这个框架，我们为C语言的一个子集设计了一种指针逻辑系统，该逻辑系统的形式和Hoare逻辑的形式类似，它可用来对指针程序进行精确的指针分析，所获得信息用来证明指针程序是否满足定型规则的附加条件，以支持程序的静态类型检查。

In this paper,we first introduce the research background and theory foundation of the project.Then we present a new technique for designing theorem prover which mainly based on transformation and substitution for Pointer Logic,and we have implemented this technique in a tool called APL.As an extension of Hoare logic, Pointer Logic can be used for accurate pointer analysis of pointer programs.

在本文中，我们首先介绍了项目的研究背景和理论基础，然后提出了一种为指针逻辑来设计自动定理证明器的新技术，这项技术主要是基于变换和替代，我们已经在一个被称为APL的工具中实现了该技术。

WT9.BZ: Theory of generalized tautology in logic system , W and W k is generalized and applied to Lukasiewicz logic system. The main results are as follows: congruence about on set of logic formulas F has been obtained in the system; it is proved that in this system, for any irrational number α, there does not exist accessible α-tautology; and for any real number α, there does not exist accessible α+-tautology; and the relation theorems have been given between categori...

将逻辑系统 W ，W ，Wk 中的广义重言式理论进行推广并应用到Lukasiewicz逻辑系统中，主要结果是：得到了逻辑公式集F在该系统中关于﹁同余的分划；证明了在该逻辑系统中对每个无理数α而言，不存在可达α重言式，且对每个实数α而言，不存在可达α+重言式；给出了广义重言式、广义矛盾式各类之间的关系定理。

Setting out from symbolic logic, Russell was the first philosopher who destroyed the law of excluded middle in classical logic, and provided leads for the research into formalized fuzzy logic o...

皮尔斯是西方哲学史上确认"语言本身的模糊性"的第一位哲学家；维特根斯坦强调语言确定性与模糊性的并存关系，并试图将二者统一；罗素从符号逻辑的水平上首次打破了古典逻辑的排中律，开辟了形式化模糊逻辑或多值逻辑的研究道路。

The circulation, consumption and reproduction of the trilogy have not only testified to its historical significance and literariness, but also invested it with new meanings.

该三部曲的流通、消费与再生产不仅验证了其历史意义及文学性，而切还赋予它以新的意义。

If he thought that he could buy me off, he would be wrong.

如果他认为他可以收买我，那他就大错特错了。