查询词典 local effect

In general, this paper includes several parts, shown as the following: The first part summarizes the background and outline of stock index future and introduce briefly its local status and CSI 300 stock index future contract. The second part has a retrospect of the main academic papers of both local or overseas, and also a discussion of relevant hedge strategies and models, to lay a solid theoretical foundation for the empirical analysis and test for the operation process of hedge in latter parts. The third part outlines the principle, key factors and real operation process of hedge. Moreover, it makes a empirical analysis on popular hedge models with HK Hang Seng index. In the end, it test the hedge effect of trading on IF0706, CSI 300 stock index future contract, with CCB select-growth securities fund as present underlying. The fourth and also the last part, explores how to define hedge ratio in china mainland market. It includes the stability test ofβfor local securities portfolio, adjustment of historicalβand best data length for estimation of historicalβ, etc. Also, the thesis makes some beneficial experiments on the definition of best data length for estimation of historicalβ, survey of fashion forβand variation for industryβs. Fortunately, it's got some meaningful results.

按照以上研究思路，本论文论述由以下几个部分构成：第一部分，简要概述股指期货产生的背景和基本情况，对国内股指期货进程和沪深300股指期货合约进行简单介绍；第二部分，回顾海内外股指期货避险研究的主要文献，讨论相关避险策略及避险模型，为后面套期保值策略如何有效运用的实证分析和检验提供理论基础和依据；第三部分，对套期保值的原理、关键因素及实际流程进行概述，并采用香港恒生指数对常用的几种避险模型进行实证分析，最后一揽子以建信优选成长股票型基金为现货标的，实际检验以沪深300股指期货模拟交易IF0706产品进行对冲时的套期保值效果；第四部分，探讨国内确定避险比率的过程，包括国内股票组合β值的稳定性检验、历史β值的修正及估计历史β值的最佳数据长度等，通过数据分析，本文在寻找估计β值的最佳数据长度和考察风格、行业β值的差异上做了较为有益的尝试，并得到了有助于现实操作的结果。

According to this understanding, this thesis tries to modify PSO algorithm in order to improve its quality of solutions. The main approches include: using uniform design to ensure the uniform distribution of initial particles in the design space; adding mutation operation to increase the diversity of particles; decreasing the maximum velocity limitation and the velocity inertia automatically to balance the local and the global search efforts; developing a new approach to treat the design variables exceeding the bounds; using extensive local searches to escape local minimum. The overall effect of these approaches can yield better results for most test problems.

有鉴於此，本文针对粒子群演化法之流程参考相关文献并稍作改变，使得粒子群演算法在结果的收敛上更具优势，本文的主要改进的方法包括：应用均匀设计的概念使得初始的粒子可以更均匀地分布在空间上；利用突变增加粒子之间的差异性与多样性；利用适当控制的最大速度限制及惯性权重控制，达到区域搜寻与全域搜寻的效果；应用新的边界处理机制处理设计变数超过上、下限的问题；利用区域强化搜寻针对粒子附近地区，再作进一步的搜索以得到更佳之结果；将各种方法综合后配合粒子群演算法使用，可以得到不错的结果。

On the second Business Day following the Acceptance Date if there occurs: an introduction of any new law or regulation or any change in existing law or regulation (or the judicial interpretation thereof); or any local, national or international event or change (whether or not forming part of a series of events or changes occurring or continuing before, and/or after the date of the Underwriting Agreement) of a political, military, inancial, economic or currency (including a change in the system under which the value of the Hong Kong currency is linked to the currency of the United States of America) or other nature (whether or not such are of the same nature as any of the foregoing) or of the nature of any local, national or international outbreak or escalation of hostilities or armed conlict, or affecting local securities market; or any act of God, war, riot, public disorder, civil commotion, ire, lood, explosion, epidemic, terrorism, strike or lock-out; and in the reasonable opinion of the Underwriter, such change would have a material and adverse effect on the business, inancial or trading position or prospects of the Group as a whole or the success of the Rights Issue or make it inadvisable or inexpedient to proceed with the Rights Issue.

董事谨请阁下尤其注意倘出现下述情况，包销商有权于接纳日期后第二个营业日下午四时正前随时书面通知本公司终止包销协议所载之安排：颁布任何新法例或法规或修改现有法例或法规；或任何当地、全国或国际政治、军事、金融、经济或货币事件或转变（包括港元与美元之联系汇率制度改变）或其他性质（不论是否与任何上述性质相同）之事件或转变（不论是否属于包销协议日期前及／或后出现或持续之一连串事件或转变），或任何当地、全国或国际敌对事件或军事冲突爆发或升级或影响当地证券市场之事件或转变；或任何天灾、战争、动乱、公众骚乱、民众暴乱、火灾、水灾、爆炸、疫疾、恐怖袭击、罢工或停工；而包销商合理地认为上述转变会对本集团整体业务、财务或经营状况或前景或供股之顺利进行有重大不利影响，或使供股不宜或不应进行。

Objective: 1）Observe the feasibility of the model of egg protein induced leporid rheumatoid arthritis. 2）By pathology observation of pathological synovium, find out the transformation of AIA leporid arthral synovium after urea injection and the infection to local and general disease. 3）Find out if urea has obvious side-effect to arthral cartilage. 4）Mensurate the VEGF expression of synovium, investigate the effect of VEGF on rheumatoid arthritis and the effect of urea on VEGF expression.

研究目的：（1）观察鸡卵蛋白诱导性兔类风湿性关节炎模型实验方法的可行性；（2）通过病变滑膜组织病理学观察，了解注射尿素后AIA兔关节滑膜病理形态的变化；以及对局部及全身病情的影响；（3）观察尿素对关节软骨是否有明显毒副作用；（4）测定滑膜VEGF表达，初步探讨VEGF在RA病变发展中的作用及注射尿素对VEGF表达的影响。

Be in western in big development, the part of administration and local government and function are distinguishing, the action of administration basically reflects the drive that solving local government to undertake the system innovates and infrastructure construction to go up, the main effect of local government reflects the option that cuts a point in system innovation and specific system arrangement to go up.

在西部大开发中，中央政府与地方政府的角色和职能是有区别的，中央政府的作用主要体现在解决地方政府进行制度创新的激励和基础设施建设上，地方政府的主要作用体现在制度创新切入点的选择和具体的制度安排上。

In the exploration of ore with CSAMT in mountainous area, various filtering and phase integral method often cannot handle calibration for uneven terrain and local electrical static effect. To develop a new method to eliminate static effect is important for improving the CSAMT data processing and interpretation and application effect.

CSAMT在山区金属矿勘查中，采用各种滤波和相位积分之类的处理方法，校正因地形起伏和局部电性不均匀引起的静态效应，往往难保奏效，开发消除静态效应的新方法是提高CSAMT资料处理与解释水平和方法应用效果的重要研究课题。

The spatial variation of seismic ground motions include the influences of the three factors of geometric incoherency effect,wave-passage effect,and local site effect.

引起地震动空间变化的原因主要是由地震波传播时的行波效应、相干效应、衰减效应和场地效应引起。

objective to evaluate the effect of endoscopic splender dilation combined with photodynamic therapy and local chemotherapy in treatment of esophagocadial cancer stenosis.methods 91 patients with advanced esophagocadial cancer were divided into two groups: the control group (to receive pdt and local chemotherapy) and the test group (to receive endoscopic splender dilation plus pdt and local chemotherapy).

目的 评价经内镜探条扩张术联合光动力疗法及局部化疗治疗食管贲门癌性狭窄的临床疗效。方法食管贲门癌患者91例，按治疗方法分为对照组和联合扩张治疗组（经内镜探条扩张联合pdt及局部化疗）。

Case study made us realize that farmers attach more importance to farmings economic effect than its social effect and eco-effect while the local government should pay more attention to agricultural multi-effect.

提出了旱作节水农业政策建议研究表明，农产的农业生产行为更多的关注经济效益，而政府更多的需要关注农业的社会效益、生态效益。

To make a comprehensive view of metapopulation researches, we folly analyze and summarize the present concepts, theories and models of metapopulation in this paper, which primarily includes the dynamical models and simulation approaches of single and competitive metapopulations. Based on the Levin's patch occupant model, the center framework of metapopulation researches, primary principles and mechanisms are discussed. First, Levins rule: the fraction of empty patch will remain constant with habitat destruction as long as metapopulation survives. This rule implies that empty patches have determinant effects on persistence and conservation. Second. Allee effect of metapopulation is incurred by establishing difficulties and dispersal costs, which is important to the studies of reserve area and the minimum available metapopulation size. Third, we analyze the rescue effect that immigrants can reduce the extinction risk of the presented local population. Rescue effect can leads to the improvement of metapopulation sustainability and the decrease of fraction of empty patches. Fourth, the coexistence mechanism of two competing metapopulation is discussed, which suggests that competition-colonization trade off may be prevalent in competing systems. Finally, extinction debt ob tamed from coexistence mechanism is given, which depicts the lost of species richness in the future for the current habitat destruction. After theoretical discussion, we present two popular simulated approaches in metapopulations: probability transition model and stochastic process model.

为了能总观集合种群进展的全局并开展进一步的工作，首先对集合种群的已有概念、理论和模型做了全面的分析和总结；其次对集合种群的发展和概念进行了探讨，以集合种群模型的中心框架：Levins的斑块占据模型为基础，展开对其它原理、效应和机制的探讨；主要包括了Levins原理，即当生境进到破坏时，空斑块比例在集合种群灭绝前保持不变，然后还分析了Allee效应（集合种群的Allee效应主要是由于建群困难和扩散损失造成的）；第三，分析了援救效应：迁人个体可以降低斑块中现有局域种群的灭绝风险，援救效应会增强集合种群的生存力，使空斑块比例下降第四，探讨了两竞争集合种群的共存机制，即竞争－侵占妥协，其共存机制为空间生境中物种共存提供了有力的理论解释。

This paper discusses design and realizable methods of remote test output interface from logical design angle.

本文从逻辑设计的角度讨论遥测输出接口的设计及实现方法。

This also 星体投射plies to buildings, structures and geological features.

这也适用于建筑物和地质特征。