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For the principal component, namely the voltage stability analysis function, three kinds of nodal injection power modes are defined, i.e., the random varying direction of load, the response setting direction of generator and the ratio of active power component to reactive power component in load power, and a continuous power flow model that is easy to utilize and comprehend by dispatching center is built, based on this model three kinds of formulae to calculate the sensitivities of loading margin with respect to three kinds of nodal injection power modes are derived respectively, and on this basis the influence of nodal injection power mode on loading margin can be analyzed in order that the voltage collapse can be avoided by fast implementing early warning of voltage stability and adopting effective corrective control.

文章针对N-EMS的主要组成部分--电压稳定分析功能，定义了3类节点注入功率模式：负荷的随机变化方向、发电机的响应设定方向、负荷的有功和无功比例，建立了易于被调度中心运用和理解的连续潮流模型，在此模型基础上分别推导得到负荷裕度对3类模式的灵敏度公式，据此分析节点注入功率模式对负荷裕度的影响，以便能够快速进行电压稳定预警和采取有效的校正控制来避免电压崩溃。

Based on the research production, with three prestressed concrete hollow slabs from the bridge in active service for ten years, this essay studies the ultimate bearing power ,the load-bearing failure mechanism and structure reenforcement measures influence on them, through examination of each performance index, failing load test, theoretical analysis and computing research work.

对预应力混凝土桥梁结构在使用中存在的问题及国内外相关研究发展水平进行了综述，指出目前对旧桥预应力混凝土空心板实际极限承载能力进行相关研究的必要性及其重大意义； 2、对旧桥预应力混凝土空心板的混凝土强度、碳化深度、预应力筋的锈蚀状况以及裂缝状况的检测评定； 3、通过破坏荷载试验，对损伤旧桥预应力混凝土空心板的受力性能进行试验评定； 4、采用在桥面做混凝土叠合层的加固措施，通过破坏荷载试验对加固后的旧桥预应力混凝土空心板的受力性能进行评定； 5、提出在役旧桥预应力混凝土空心板的维护、加固和使用建议。

In accordance with the needs of solving problems, mold experiments carried out are as follows:(1) Testing flexural normal stress, shearing stress and shearing force stagnant effect of molds of organic glass and load's lateral distribution coefficient of beam's ribs;(2) Testing rigid torsion and distortion effect of molds of organic glass;(3) Testing cap plates' vertical and lateral efficient load working breadth of molds of organic glass;(4) Testing lateral frame's bending moment of molds of organic glass within the range of their working breadth;(5) Experiment on respondency of dynamic force of molds of organic glass.

根据解决问题的需要，所作的模型试验有：⑴测试有机玻璃模型的弯曲正应力、剪应力、剪力滞效应和箱梁梁肋荷载横向分布系数；⑵测试有机玻璃模型的刚性扭转和畸变效应；⑶测试有机玻璃模型顶板纵向、横向荷载有效工作宽度；⑷测试有机玻璃模型载荷在工作宽度范围内的横向框架弯矩；⑸有机玻璃模型的动力响应试验。

Under the same situation as tube-diameter and so on, yield load and limited load increase with the increasing of steel tube ratio. But the steel tube ratios variety has ruleless to maximum displacement of the upper column.

2在钢管外径等其他属性相同的情况下，屈服荷载与极限荷载随含钢率的增大而增大，但含钢率的变化给柱顶最大位移带来的变化不具有规律性。

Under the same situation as steel tube ratio and volumetric percentage of stirrups and so on, yield load and increases with the increasing of reinforced bar-diameter. But the variety of reinforced bar-diameter has ruleless to limited load and ductibility.

4在含钢率、配箍率等其他属性相同的情况下，屈服荷载随着钢筋直径的增大而增大，但钢筋直径的改变对极限荷载和柱的延性的改变不具有规律性。

The interface bond capability and the failure mode of soffit strengthening are studied, as well as the influence of strengthening concrete technique to the interface bond capability. The cracked load, the failure load, the tension stiffness, the stress of the steel bar and the cracks of the strengthening arch are compared with those of the contrast arch.

第五，考虑到实际工程应用，设计并制作了采用增大截面法在拱腹部位加固钢筋混凝土拱圈试件，研究拱腹加固新老混凝土结合面的粘结性能及破坏形式和补强混凝土的施工工艺对新老混凝土结合面粘结性能的影响。

By using the ABAQUS finite element software to simulate the elastic long single pile with or without cap in clayey soil subject to lateral load, the influence of cap area, embeded depth and vertical load are analyzed in the paper, some valuable results and conclusions are obtained.

笔者采用ABAQUS大型有限元软件，对粘性土中水平受荷桩进行模拟，分析了承台面积大小、承台埋深以及垂直荷载对弹性长桩水平承载力的影响情况，得出了一些有价值的结果和结论。

Based on the load-slip curves, the propagation of debonding was analyzed and a mathematical model was founded using Stang's theory to calculate the debonding parameters. The maximum load was attained and agreed well with the experimental results.

由试验得到的荷载－滑移曲线分析了界面裂缝开展的过程；借鉴Stang的计算理论，建立了分析模型，计算出界面开裂的表征参数；并且推导出极限荷载的计算公式，与试验结果符合良好。

The cooling load of air-conditioning system is a nonlinear model with dynamic and indeterminacy.The traditional way is difficult to predict cooling load to a nicety and celerity.

空调系统负荷是一个典型的具有动态性、不确定性等随机特性的非线性模型，传统方式难以实现准确、快速地预测空调系统动态负荷。

With consideration of uncertainties in load forecasting, the triangular fuzzy number was used to express the actual load demand of users at a certain time in the future, and a set of optimal time-of-use price design models based on fuzzy demand and users' diverse response were established.

考虑负荷预测的不确定性，运用模糊三角数表示用户未来时刻的实际需求。结合分类用户不同程度的需求价格响应，构建了一套基于模糊需求和用户分类响应程度下的最优分类峰谷分时电价设计模型。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。