查询词典 load displacement

The main works are as follows: 1 The developingt history of the traffic load on bridges is represented. Typical bridge codes in some countries are discussed and these traffic load models are comparative analyzed. Analysis shows that the influence of layout axle for the total traffic load effect on bridge gradually becomes smaller with the increase of bridge span. So most national norms use the distributed load as the equipollent load of traffic load.

主要内容包括下面几个方面： 1阐述了桥梁汽车荷载发展的简史，讨论了部分国家典型的桥梁汽车荷载设计规范，并对这些荷载模型进行了对比分析，分析表明随着桥跨的增大，车轴布置对桥梁整体荷载效应的影响逐渐变小，因而大部分国家的规范都把均布荷载作为车辆的等代荷载。

Finally, an autocollimator and a high precise measuring head were used in the measurement of the displacement straighness and the the error of the lifting displacement, respectively. The experiment results show that the error of the displacement straighness is smaller than 1 and the error of the lifting displacement is less than 0.02 mm, which shows that the structure achieves the design desire completely.

用自准直平行光管和高精度测量头分别检测了平台的位移直线度和升、降位移误差，实验结果得出，该机构的位移直线度误差小于1，升、降位移误差小于0.02 mm，达到了平台设计要求。

The basis function of the coinjection of Nitrogen and steam is increasing the displacement volume and supply the displacement energy on the basis of Nitrogen, the result of the numerical simulation showed that, after the coinjection of Nitrogen and steam (the optional aqueous Nitrogen ratio was 1: 20～1: 50), the theamal readius increased from 30m to 55m more or less, the recovery ratio increased by 5～10％. The production effect of the high cycles steam stimulation will be improved and the pattern infill will be avoided and the economic results will be improved. 4. The poor result of steamflood is another problem. On the basis of the analysis of the foamer mechanism in the propayation, movement and stabilization, this paper showed that the main meachanism of the increasing recovery of the Nitrogen foam and steamflood was the increasing displacement factor and oil displacement efficiency.

三针对蒸汽吞吐加热半径有限（一般30m左右）而蒸汽吞吐轮次已高达5轮以上的具体情况，将氮气与蒸汽混合（套管环空中注氮气，油管中注蒸汽）进行吞吐可增加加热半径1～2倍以上；在对原油流变性研究基础上，对氮气蒸汽原油体系状态进行了分析，指出了氮气在油藏中基本上是以气相方式存在；热氮混合吞吐的基本作用为扩大波及体积和提供驱油能量；在此基础上所进行的热氮混注数值模拟研究表明：蒸汽中加入氮气后（最佳汽氮比为1：20～1：50），加热半径从30m增至55m左右，采收率可提高5～10％以上，大大改善了高轮次蒸汽吞吐的生产效果，可避免大规模井网加密，提高了经济效益。

The paper founds GM(1, 1) model of gray prediction theory in order to predict level displacement,and forecast horizontal displacement of 8-8 section of the Olympic Games project with it and compares forecast data and actual data.The result is that GM(1, 1) model may forecast short-term horizontal displacement after the model is proved eligibility. In order to manage long-term horizontal displacement,the paper founds metabolism GM(1, 1) model.At first, founding GM(1,1) model with known data and forecast next numerical value,next renewing founded GM(1,1) model with numerical value at the same time abnegating first data,and then forecast nest numerical value with same method.

本文为了预测土钉支护水平位移，建立了GM(1，1)灰色系统理论预测模型，应用灰色预测法GM(1，1)模型对奥运工程地下通道I标段8-8剖面的土钉支护产生的水平位移进行了预测，并与实测值进行比较，得出灰色预测法模型经检验合格后可以对工程进行水平位移的短期预测；为了使GM(1，1)模型同样适用于长期预测，用新陈代谢的GM(1，1)模型，即根据己知数列来建立GM(1，1)模型，预测一个灰数值，然后不断地将预测值补充到己知数列之后，每补充一个再去掉一个最老的数据构成新的数列，建立一个新的GM(1，1)模型，预测下一个值。

Therefore, the homologous maximum lateral force and maximum displacement individually represented ultimate lateral force and ultimate displacement. Moreover, when the specimen bore ultimate lateral force, a certain percentage of the dissipating energy was defined as the energy that reinforced concrete columns could dissipate when yielding. As a result, the displacement of the cycle homologizing the dissipating energy when yielding became yield displacement.

至於降伏位移的决定则由以下的方式来决定，利用试体达极限强度时，其所能消散的能量的某一百分比，而此一百分比能消散的能量即定义为钢筋混凝土柱降伏时所能消散的能量，因而降伏时所能消散的能量所对应之循环的最大位移即为降伏位移。

Example two analyzes the static construction character steel frame, braced frame and different braced frame, including relation of loading-level displacement, inter梥tory displacement and distribution of plastic hinge, the frames ductility, the axis force of brace and shearing-force of ground brace bearing, then it is clearly known the brace can minis the level displacement of frame, minis inter-story displacement, bear ground floor shearing-force. So, the brace greatly inflects construction performance of braced frame .

算例二对纯框架和支撑框架以及支撑框架不同支撑情况下进行非线性弹塑性分析：包括荷载—水平位移关系，层间相对位移与塑性铰分布，刚架延性，支撑轴力及底层支撑承担剪力等情况，了解到支撑可以减小框架柱顶水平位移，减小层间相对位移，增加刚架延性、承担底层剪力，显示支撑对框架结构性能的重要影响。

Presenting the calculating method of the space displacement model of skewed box girder, whit main ideas of: dispersing the skewed box girder into some skewed beam segments and further dividing those segments into some plate pieces according to their forms; describing the displacement functions in the plane of plate piece by assuming that the space displacements of any point in the joint line between the plate pieces are described by using Hermite interpolation functions and that two displacements in the plane of plate piece are linear in the cross direction; Using Hermite interpolation functions to describe the bending the displacement of the unit length transverse frame cutting longitudinal from the skew box girder segment; Finally, describing the space displacements of a point in the plate pieces by two displacements in the plane of the plate and one bending displacement of plate.

提出了斜交箱形梁空间位移场的计算方法：将斜交箱形梁沿纵向离散为若干斜梁段单元，依据箱梁的构成进一步将斜梁段划分为若干板段子单元；各板段联结线上任意点的位移按Hermite函数插值，假定各板段的面内位移沿其宽度方向线性变化，以描述各板段面内位移；沿斜交箱梁段的纵向截取单位长度横截面框架，框架各杆件空间位移按Hermite函数插值，以描述各板段面外位移；板段内任意点的空间位移最终以2个面内位移和1个面外位移描述。

For composite foundation with compressible piles, based on displacement harmony condition, and combining with load transfer method and approximate solution of differential equation, analysis methods of linear and nonlinear interaction between piles and surrounding soil were suggested. A lot of significative results, for example availability pile length, load distribution between piles and surrounding soil, load distribution among all piles under rigidity pile-cap, load-settlement relation etc, were obtained.

对柔性桩复合地基，是基于位移协调条件，并结合荷载传递法与微分方程的近似解法—子域法，提出了变截面自由单桩与地基土、刚性承台下柔性单桩和变截面柔性单桩与地基土、刚性承台下柔性群桩与地基土线性及非线性相互作用的分析方法，并得到有效桩长、桩与基土的荷载分配及刚性承台下各桩桩顶荷载分配、荷载一沉降关系、荷载传递规律等有意义的结果。

The basic idea was to discrete the structure and find the load function according to the energy criterion of buckling and the principle of random displacement method. As the critical load is the minimum of the load function, a problem of frame buckling can be transformed into an optimization problem. Therefore, the critical load can be found through solving the optimization problem.

先将结构离散为一个有限自由度系统；然后根据有限自由度系统平衡稳定性的能量准则和随机位移法的基本原理，建立符合能量准则的载荷函数，该函数不为零的最小值即为临界载荷，由此将稳定问题转化为无约束的多维优化问题；最后应用遗传算法求出相应于最优解的目标函数值。

Results: Before the fixed bridge was applied, under vertical load, the high-stress region was near around the apical of periodontal ligament with mainly compressive stresses. Under oblique load, the high-stress region was near around the cervical of periodontal ligament with both tensile and compressive stresses. After the fixed prosthodontics, stress and strain distributions were similar with that when the fixed bridge was not applied. But the maximum stress, strain and displacement increased apparently. The stresses in exterior surface of periodontal ligament were larger than that of interior surface; this character of periodontal ligament under vertical load was more obvious than that under oblique load.

结果：固定桥修复前，垂直载荷下，基牙牙周膜的应力以压应力为主，应力集中在根尖；斜向载荷下，基牙牙周膜的应力主要是拉应力和压应力，应力集中在唇、舌颈缘；固定桥修复后，基牙牙周膜的应力和应变分布规律与修复前相似，但最大应力、应变值都明显增大；牙周膜内表面的应力大于牙周膜外表面；垂直载荷时，牙周膜内、外表面的应力差异更为显著。

The production moved off-Broadway to New York City, where she won the Joseph E. Calloway award for her performance, and was profiled in American Theater Magazine as one of ten young theater artists to watch.

生产提出过百老汇的新的纽约市，在那里她赢得了约瑟夫calloway奖，她的表现，并于异型在美国的战区杂志之一， 10战区的青年艺术家观赏。

It's a risk tradeoff, and I believe that adding test support code usually wins.

这是一个风险的权衡，我相信添加测试代码通常会占上风。