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Catalytic effect of ionic liquids to isobutane and butene alkylate reaction was studied,composition of ionic liquids,isobutane and butene mole compares factors to the alkylate reaction influence was reviewed.

研究了离子液体对异丁烷与正丁烯烷基化反应的催化作用，考察了离子液体组成、异丁烷与正丁烯物质的量比等因素对烷基化反应的影响。

Nsted acid ionic liquids were inactive for the alkylation of isobutane with butene.In contrast,the chloroaluminate ioni c liquids were very active for the alkylation.However,the qualities of the alkylate oils using chloroaluminate ionic liquids were unsatisfied and worse than that of the products in the industrial sulfuric acid process obviously.

发现：所制备Bronsted酸离子液体无催化烷基化反应活性；而氯铝酸离子液体则具有很高的催化烷基化反应活性，但所得烷基化油质量较差，明显低于工业硫酸法水平。

The differences in the solubility of β-cyclodextrin in the ionic liquids have been discussed from the interionic interaction between cation and anion of the ionic liquids and the inclusion interaction of the cations of the ionic liquids into the cavity of β-cyclodextrin.

结果表明，β-CD与离子液体的阳离子形成了1：1的包合物，并根据离子液体阴阳离子间的相互作用和β-CD与离子液体阳离子的包合作用，讨论了β-CD在不同离子液体中溶解度差异的原因。

For the equilibrium system of chloroaluminate ionic liquids-heptane-aromatics,the aromatics distribution coefficients and the selectivities of ionic liquids for aromatics/heptane were influenced by the structure of ionic liquids,structure of aromatics and temperature.

对于氯铝酸离子液体-正庚烷-芳烃平衡体系，芳烃在离子液体/烃相间的分配系数Daro和离子液体对芳烃/正庚烷的选择性Saro/hep随离子液体的结构、芳烃结构和温度等因素的变化而有所区别。

Internal pressure and molar heat capacity at constant volume were calculated for 13 kinds of liquids at 25 ℃ and 101.325 kPa including polar liquids, non-polar liquids and associative liquids.

以包括极性液体、非极性液体和缔合液体的13种液体为例，计算了它们在25℃及101.325kPa时的内压和摩尔定容热容。

The application of ionic liquids aqueous solutions as solvents in the microwave-assisted extraction technique was developed for the extraction of lycorine, lycoramine and galanthamine from Lycoris. Effects of different ionic liquids and the concentration of selected ionic liquids on MAE were investigated, and tradition organic solvent and extraction techniques were compared.

1引言自1986年Ganzler等[1]首次报道采用微波辅助萃取天然产物中化学成分以来，微波辅助萃取技术在食品、环境和天然产物等领域得到了广泛的应用[2~5]，它以萃取时间短、溶剂用量少、选择性强、萃取效率高等优点在中药有效成分的萃取分离方面得到广泛关注[5，6]。

To economize cost of S03H-functionalized ionic liquids,extend their range of application in chemistry reaction,fifteen of ionic liquids have been synthesized by using methylimidazole,tri-alkylamine,pyridine with industrial materials 1,4-butane-sultone and 1,3-propane sultone as source in this paper.The ionic liquids were synthesized by tri-alkylamine have not been reported and yields are higher than 98%.

为了降低SO_3H-功能化离子液体的成本，使其应用范围更加广泛，本论文利用N-甲基咪唑、三烷基胺、吡啶和廉价工业级原料1，3-丙烷磺内酯、1，4-丁烷磺内酯为原料来源，合成十五种SO_3H-功能化离子液体，三甲胺为原料合成的SO_3H-功能化离子液体还未见文献报道，收率大于98%。

Room temperature ionic liquids are the hot points of the current research fields of chemistry, chemical engineering and functional materials. Since 1998, the preparation and application of ionic liquids as environmentally benign reaction media and functional material have been carried out in Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics. The detailed research work, including the design and preparation of novel ionic liquids, ionic liquid as catalyst and reaction medium in sulfuric acid free Beckmann rearrangement,...

离子液体介质与材料研究是当前化学化工、功能材料的热点领域之一。1998年底以来，我们以发展离子液体清洁反应介质和软功能材料为研究内容，以实现新离子液体的设计与合成，离子液体中无硫酸Beckmann重排反应、非光气异氰酸酯合成、二氧化碳吸收与活化、反应-升华分离一体化，微孔硅胶限制纳米尺度离子液体材料的设计合成和应用及离子液体-电化学技术集成等为目标开展了一系列研究工作并取得良好进展。

In this text, on the basis of analyzed the accident characteristic of combustible liquids and influence factors of combustible liquids vapor spread, the leakage of combustible liquids is studied when the vehicle is stopped because of the factors such as traffic accident etc in the highway transportation course of flammable liquid, and its vapor density spread models in the atmosphere is set up; and the leakage of combustible liquids is also studied when the vehicle is steering because of the undefined factors during the highway transportation course of flammable liquid, and its vapor density spread models in the atmosphere is set up.

本文在分析了易燃液体的事故特性及影响易燃液体蒸气扩散因素的基础上，分别研究了易燃液体在公路运输过程中因发生交通事故等因素导致运输车辆停止时的易燃液体泄漏，并建立其蒸气在大气中的浓度扩散模型；因不确定因素致使运输车辆行驶过程中易燃液体泄漏，并建立其蒸气在大气中的浓度扩散模型。

This paper gives a historical review and recent development of various categories of liquid detergents,including:lightduty liquids,heavyduty liquids, liquid automatic dishwasher detergents,shampoos and conditioners,liquid soaps,fabric softeners,and specialty liquids.

报道了各种类型液体洗涤剂，包括轻垢液体洗涤剂，重垢液体洗涤剂，液体自动餐具洗涤剂，洗发液和调整剂，液体肥皂，织物柔软剂，专用液体洗涤剂等的历史回顾和最新进展，并简述了我国液体洗涤剂的发

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。