查询词典 linguistic

A finite set of grammatical rules allows the speaker to produce an infinite number of sentences, and every linguistic item can be interpreted in terms of other linguistic or other semiotic items — a word by a definition, an event by an example, an animal or a flower by an image, and so on and so forth.

一种语法规则的有限集合，容许讲话者制造出数量无限的语句，每个语言学的项目可依据其他语言学或语义学的项目得到诠释——词通过词义，事件通过事例，动物或花朵通过图像得到诠释，等等。

It can be concluded from the above analysis that at the beginning of language, simple linguistic signs, coming from sound imitation, natural exclamation and morphological stimulation, took a strong feature of iconicity, while arbitrariness still existed to a little extent. With time going by, the primitives had to create more linguistic signs to meet their needs of survival and development, so that they arbitrarily related the sound patterns and concepts to conventionalize them as linguistic signs adopted in the whole society. During this period of time, arbitrariness played a more important role, while iconicity still worked as phenomena of phonaesthesia designate. With society developing, human beings found that it was not enough to create new signs at will, so they began to make use of some principles like compound, derivation, etc. to form new linguistic signs, either simple or complex. The linguistic signs formed during this period of time always took a better disguise to be iconic, while no one until now could defuse the contributions of arbitrariness of their formation. From the above investigations, it can be seen that arbitrariness and iconicity interact in the whole process of language development at the level of lexicon. If there were no arbitrariness, human language could not expand at the very beginning.

因此可做如下推论：在语言产生之初，简单语言符号的产生常常都是有理据的、象似的，但是仍不排除任意性的作用；后来有理据的词无法满足人们生存和发展的要求，人们开始任意地连接声音形象和概念，并约定俗成获得语言符号，此时任意性起主导作用，但是象似性在音义关系中对语言符号的产生起着不可否认的作用；随着社会的发展，人们发现这些词已经不再能满足需要，而创造更多的词也不是很可能，所以人们开始采用一些构词法来创造新的语言符号，此时产生的语言符号往往更具象似性，但其核心仍然是任意的。

The feature of comprehension is based upon students, attempting to carry forward the spirit of main body of students in linguistic sense teaching. Feature of entireness is from the angle of literary works, demanding that the linguistic sense teaching is based on the macro-examination and systematic mastery of the entire modern essays. Feature of construction concerns the aim of Linguistic sense teaching, which on one hand is to realize students" individual construction of literary works, and on the other hand construct their language ability and spiritual personalities. Feature of dynamics mentions that students" cultivation of linguistic sense ability is a process of long-time fostering and practice.

感悟性是立足于学生的角度，力图弘扬学生在语感教学中的主体精神；整体性是从言语作品的角度来说的，要求在语感教学中要立足于言语作品的整体进行宏观审视与系统把握；建构性是就语感教学的目的而言的，语感教学一方面要实现学生对言语作品的个性化建构，另一方面，要利用言语作品实现对学生言语能力与精神人格的建构；动态性特征指出了学生的语感能力的养成是一个需要长期涵养和训练的过程。

Linguistic world view is among the main content of Humboldt's linguistic thoughts while linguistic experientialism is the philosophic foundation of modern cognitive linguistics.

语言世界观是洪堡特语言学思想的一个重要内容。

With respect to the group decision making problem with multi-granularity linguistic preference relations,a method based on two-tuple linguistic information processing for aggregating individual preference relations is proposed.In the method,firstly,the definition of multi-granularity linguistic preference relation is given.

1引言在许多实际的群决策问题中，例如企业核心能力识别、客户关系管理中的目标客户选择等决策问题，由于决策者常常给出语言形式的评价信息，所以近年来关于具有语言形式评价信息的群决策理论与方法的研究得到了许多学者的关注[1-7]。

We propose two new aggregation operators called extended uncertain linguistic aggregation operator and interval linguistic aggregation operator, and then develop an EULA operator-based linguistic approach and an ILA operator-based linguistic approach, respectively, to multiple attribute decision making in uncertain linguistic setting.

介绍了不确定语言变量的运算法则，给出了不确定语言变量之间两两比较的可能度公式，提出了2种新的数据信息集成算子拓展的不确定语言集成算子和区间语言集成算子，并且分别提出了基於EULA算子和基於ILA算子的不确定语言环境下的多属性决策方法。

Convention T, linguistic formal theory, mention and use, self-reference, linguistic paradox are both the components of philosophical metalinguistic theory, which not only has direct effects on the establishment of the theory of linguistic metalanguage but also as a principle of modern methodology set significant effects on the linguistic turn of modern philosophy as well as the western humanities and social science.

首先，对&元语言&、&对象语言&和&语言&等术语进行辨析，简要概括元语言的特性和元语言理论的研究现状，阐明&方法论原则&的含义；第二，对哲学的元语言理论的源流进行梳理，并阐述其内容和方法论意义；第三，以语符学、结构语义学、元语用学、元语言功能学说为中心，阐明语言学的元语言理论及其对哲学的元语言理论的继承与发展；最后，考察修辞学领域的元语言研究，并结合汉语实际，分析元语言修辞现象。

Stract: This article main discussion following several questions: How to know that with grasps take the economic integration as the driving influence the globalized linguistic environment which forms gradually in the esthetic cultural aspect; Does the academic circle have the necessity from the globalized linguistic environment essence, the connotation, how the judgment core standard as well as the native place culture under the globalized linguistic environment aspects and so on survival makes the explanation.

本文主要讨论如下几个问题：如何认识与把握以经济一体化为驱动力的在审美文化方面逐渐形成的全球化语境；学术界有必要从全球化语境的实质、内涵、判断的核心标准以及本土文化如何在全球化语境下生存等方面作出解释。

Routines and gambits are developed to stimulate attraction switches often combined with techniques derived from neuro-linguistic programming.

他们基于神经语言程序学（neuro-linguistic programming）技术而发展出许多惯例和开场白，以刺激女人的吸引力开关。

Secondly, what Glossematical School wants is to establish the linguistic typology, namely metatheory, helping to compare different theoretical pattern, sign systems, linguistic signs, and levels of linguistic symbol theoretical pattern, on the basis of which the study objects of glossematics are finite as relation among the previous statement, defined as function.

因为语言符号的形式和意义之间的关系是任意性的，不存在普遍意义的范畴。语言学的所有范畴都要从具体语篇中演算出来，这就要建立语言代数学，即语符学。其二是用纯理语言构建的语言模型，必须拿具体的语言去检验。模型反映出的是人类所有语篇，包括未出现的和已经消亡的语篇的各种可能性，利用语符学的经验原则和推导条件帮助识别出哪些是现实中存在的形式，哪些是潜在的形式。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。