查询词典 linear

The effects of the linear birefringence and incident polarizing angle upon the performance of a bulk glass optical current sensor are derived and analyzed, a modulation formula to describe the influences of the linear birefringence to the output signal of the sensor is given.The effect of the incident polarizing angle upon the performance of the system and the condition to determine if or not it can exert the influence are also given.

对线性双折射及入射起偏角对光学玻璃电流传感器输出特性的影响进行了理论推导与分析，给出了光学玻璃电流传感器在非理想状态下线性双折射对输出电压的调制函数的数学表达式，并给出了入射起偏角对系统影响的数学表达式及其对系统有无影响的条件。

Besides, useful information including the linear range, the maximum trapping force, and the error associated with the linear approximation of trapping force when the particle was in the nonlinear regime was deduced from the experimental data for each polystyrene bead size. In the 2nd part, we report the application of oscillatory optical tweezers to trap and oscillate three different types of E.

此外，我们也从一些曲线的讯息得到有用的资讯，如每种聚苯乙烯小球量测的线性范围、最大光钳力以及允许10%最大误差时的线性趋近光钳力等等。

Linear preserver problems is to study the linear maps leaving some properties of elements in algebras invariant.

算子代数上的线性保持问题是研究保持算子代数中元素的某种特征不变的线性映射。

In this topic, the dynamic analysis methods for piezoelectric vibrator are studied systematically based on the theoretical model, FEM numerical experimentation and FEM governing equation for given compound-mode vibrator, and some valuable conclusions are obtained. The main work accomplished is summarized as follows: 1.Elaborate the main modeling methods for piezoelectric vibrator and the significance and necessity to study the dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric vibrator which emphasize the urgency of this paper. 2.Take the bending deformation induced by piezoelectric ceramic as example, the energy transfer mechanism of electric energy to mechanical energy are analyzed; the motion and force transfer mechanism are analyzed for the longitudinal-bending vibrator. 3.Based on mode assumption and Hamilton principle, the coupling model of piezoelectric vibrator of linear USM is built; moreover, the equivalent circuit model is obtained and a coupling equation represents the relation between electric parameters and mechanical parameters is derived which provides foundation to match the vibrator and driving circuit. 4.Combine the constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic with elastic-dynamical equation, geometric equation in force field and the Maxwell equation in electric field and the corresponding boundary condition equation, the FEM control equation for piezoelectric vibrator of USM to solve dynamic electro-mechanical coupling field is established by employing the principle of virtual displacement. The equation lays the foundation to study the non-linear constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic driven by high-power. 5.Define the dynamic indexes of characteristic of vibrator and carry out variable parameters simulation by calculating the model parameters and the electric characteristics of vibrator are simulated according to the equivalent circuit model. By numerical experimentation, the working mode of vibration of vibrator and the shock excitation results of the working frequency band which provides the mode frequency to realize bimodal are analyzed. Detailed calculation of the electro-mechanical coupling field parameters is made by programming the FEM control equation.

本课题从理论模型、有限元数值试验、有限元控制模型等方面以复合振动模式振子为例对超声电机压电振子的动力学特性及其分析方法进行了全面系统地研究，得出了许多有价值的结论，主要概括如下： 1、阐述了目前针对超声电机压电振子的主要建模方法，对压电振子动态特性的研究意义和必要性进行了论述，突出了本文研究内容的迫切性； 2、以压电陶瓷诱发弹性体发生弯曲变形为例，分析了压电陶瓷通过诱发应变来实现机电能量转换的机理；对基于纵弯模式的压电振子的运动及动力传递机理进行了分析； 3、基于模态假定，利用分析动力学的Hamilton原理，建立了面向直线超声电机压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型，并据此建立了压电振子的等效电路模型，导出了电参量与动力学特性参量的耦合方程，为压电振子与驱动电路的匹配提供了依据； 4、从压电陶瓷的本构方程出发，综合力场的弹性动力学方程、几何方程、电场的麦克斯韦方程以及相应的边界条件方程，采用虚位移原理，建立了压电振子动态问题机电耦合场求解的有限元控制方程，为研究其大功率驱动下的非线性本构模型奠定了基础； 5、界定压电振子的动力学特性指标，对压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型参数进行计算及变参数仿真；依据等效电路模型，对压电振子的电学特性进行了仿真分析；通过有限元数值实验，对压电振子工作模态附近的模态振型及工作频率附近的频段进行了激振效果分析，找出了实现模态简并的激振频率；利用有限元控制方程，通过编程计算，对压电振子的力电耦合场参数进行了详细计算，得出了一些有价值的结论。

The concept and definition of linear process with independent increments were presented. Then the regression model and analysis method for linear process with independent increments were established. Furthermore, the regression equation and confidence limit curves were given.

提出了线性独立增量随机过程的概念和定义，建立了线性独立增量过程回归模型及其分析方法，给出了回归方程和高置信度、高可靠度的置信上、下限曲线。

When we apply the fuzzy theory to a linear programing problem, we get a fuzzy linear programming problem.

应用在线性规划问题上，就产生了模糊线性规划。

Considering the fact that the self constraints of the design variables can be formulated as the linear functions in the present process optimization, the nonlinear part of the constraints is dealt by introducing the concept of active constraint set. The linear part is dealt by the gradient projection method specially.

同时考虑到现在的优化求解问题中，设计变量自身的约束可以合理地表示成线性函数的形式，因此对于优化问题的非线性约束部分，通过引入活动约束集的概念进行处理；而对于线性边界约束，则采用梯度投影法作专门处理。

In the following two cases:(1)gcd=1;(2) N=p〓, where p denotes the characteristic of the finite field GF, by using the factorization of the polynomial in finite field, the counting function N〓 is showed, the expected value of the linear complexity E〓 is determined, and a useful lower bound on the expected value of the k-error linear complexity E〓 is established.(7) The stability of the lattice structure for pseudorandom number sequences is put forward.

利用多项式的因式分解等简单工具，研究了任意有限域GF上，周期N与p互素以及N ＝P〓这两种情况下，计数函数N〓，的值，即线性复杂皮为c的N-周期序列的个数，并给出了线性复杂度的数学期望E〓的值以及k-错线性复杂度的数学期望E〓的一个有用的下界，这里p表示有限域GF的特征。

Highly precise quadra order non-linear formula is set up, which gives the satisfactory density value of highly pure aluminum (99.999~99.99999 %) at 20 oC.Linear approximate formula for the density calculation of 99.75% primary aluminum (molten point in the range of 658.7℃～1100℃) derived f...

以Jagrangian插值的二次多项式和一次多项式导出的 99.75 %原铝(熔点 6 5 8.7℃～ 1 1 0 0℃)的密度计算的线性近似式、该式子较文献〔1〕所述的还要简单，而数值计算结果却高度吻合。

Simulation results prove that the performance of the new method is similar with the linear interpolation method at the lower velocity; while it is better than the linear interpolation method at the higher velocity and a little worse than the quadratic polynomial interpolation.

通过仿真表明，在低车速时，该算法的误比特率性与线性插值方法基本相同；而在中高车速时，该算法的误比特率性能要明显优于线性插值信道估计方法，与二次插值信道估计方法的性能基本相同。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。