查询词典 likelihood

Topics covered include: density estimation (incorporating such topics as kernel density estimates, nearest neighbor estimates, variable kernel methods, orthogonal series estimates, maximum penalized likelihood estimates, bandwidth choice), nonparametric regression (incorporating kernel methods, spline methods, penalized likelihood, bandwidth choice, generalized additive models), and bootstrapping.

非参数建模专题：非参数建模专题：基于计算机的非参数统计方法论。包括：密度估计(如：核密度估计，最近邻估计，可变核方法，正交序列估计，最大补偿似然估计法，带宽选择)非参数回归(如：，核方法，样条方法，补偿似然估计，带宽选择，广义可加模型，)和 bootstrapping 方法。

We use β likelihood estimation instead of maximum likelihood estimation to estimate the parameters of data's probability distribution function (modeled by Gaussian mixture models).

在确定数据所服从分布的密度函数的参数时，使用β似然估计来代替原模型中的最大似然估计。

Methods Sera derived from 226 SLE cases and 183 healthy controls were tested for ANA and all parameters were compared such as sensi- tivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,positive likelihood ratio,nega- tive likelihood ratio,result consistency,rank correlation coefficient and kappa of ANA detected by IFA...

方法同时采用IFA法和ELISA法检测血清ANA共409例，其中SLE 226例和健康对照183名，将两种方法检测结果的敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、阳性似然比、阴性似然比、结果符合率、判断一致性κ值及秩相关系数进行比较分析；通过ROC曲线比较两种方法的准确度；结果不一致标本进行可提取性核抗原抗体谱检测分析；同时将IFA法检测不同荧光模型样本分别与ELISA结果进行相关分析。

In this paper, the maximum likelihood algorithm with process and measurement noise for nonlinear continuous-discrete system given by Jategaonkar and Plaetschke is improved in two aspects: 1 to avoid the disadvantages of sensitivities computation by common finite-difference method, in which the perturbation sizes should be selected optionally, an improved finite-difference method with best perturbations, is presented. 2 to improve the numerical stability of Jategaonkar's algorithm, maximum likelihood algorithm with fast triangular square-root decomposition filter is given.

摘要对Jategaonkar等人给出的同时计及过程及观测噪声的非线性连续-离散系统的极大似然算法从两个方面进行了改进：1给出了计算灵敏度的最佳摄动有限差分算法，避免了普通有限差分法计算灵敏度矩阵时需人为选择参数摄动量大小而带来的缺点；2给出了具有快速三角化平方根滤波的极大似然算法，提高了原算法的数值稳定性。

Thirdly, the maximum-likelihood CFO estimation algorithms based on null-subcarrier are investigated, and it is shown that the maximum-likelihood CFO estimation algorithm based on equispaced null-subcarriers is equivalent to the CFO estimation algorithm utilizing the correlation of repeated training sequences.

进一步分析了在频率选择性衰落信道下，空载波和信道零点的数目与位置对基于空子载波的载波频偏估计算法可辨识性的影响。

Thirdly, the maximum-likelihood CFO estimation algorithms based on null-subcarrier are investigated, and it is shown that the maximum-likelihood CFO estimation algorithm based on equispaced null-subcarriers is equivalent to the CFO estimation algorithm utilizing the correlation of repeated training sequences.

提出了两种基于时域相关峰值检测的同步估计改进算法：1）采用一个OFDM符号做为训练序列，在接收端进行差分相关以解决时间度量函数中出现的平台效应。

The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive prevalue, negative prevalue, positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio of hc2 for high-risk HPV were 100%, 87. 1%, 87. 3%, 8.8%, 100%, 7.7 and 0. 000 , respectively ; and those of gene chips were 78.6%, 91.1%, 90. 9%, 9.9%, 99.7%, 8.8 and 0. 235 respectively.

HC2法检测高危HPV对高度宫颈上皮内瘤样病变HSIL的灵敏度、特异度、准确性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、阳性似然比和阴性似然比分别为100ˇ、87ˇ1ˇ、87ˇ3ˇ、8ˇ8ˇ、100ˇ、7ˇ7和0ˇ000ˇHPV分型基因芯片法以上各指标分别为78ˇ6ˇ、91ˇ1ˇ、90ˇ9ˇ、9ˇ9ˇ、99ˇ7ˇ、8ˇ8和0ˇ235。

Tail Length, Tail Moment, Tail DNA Percentage, and correction rate were compared between the improved software and the original one, and epidemiological indices for the improved software were also calculated and analyzed, including sensitivity, specificity, Youden index, crude agreement, adjusted agreement, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio.

比较改进前后的尾长、尾矩、尾DNA百分含量上的差异、改进前后分析正确率差异、以及改进后的软件以不同DNA损伤级别为截断值判定阳性结果的灵敏度、特异度、Youden指数、粗一致性、调整一致性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、阳性似然比和阴性似然比。

At the fourth part of this dissertation, maximum likelihood blind channel estimation methods are described briefly, including general Markov Chain Monte Carlo based joint channel estimation and symbol detection method and finite alphabet set based maximum likelihood method in SIMO-OFDM systems.

在本文的第四部分，简单介绍了最大似然信道估计方法，包括一般意义上的MCMC联合信道估计与符号检测方法，以及SIMO-OFDM系统中基于有限字符集的最大似然方法。

Firstly, the maximum likelihood criterion is employed to model the multi-view tracking problem. Then, the likelihood function is factorized based on the conditional independent assumptions. Finally, the estimation of the target location in each camera view is obtained by using an efficient message passing mechanism. In our algorithm, image data from all cameras no longer need to be transmitted to and processed by a central unit.

该算法首先利用最大似然准则对多视角目标跟踪问题进行建模，并对似然函数进行分解，最后借助消息传递机制高效求解出跟踪目标在各个摄像机视野中位置的估计值，而不再需要将图像数据传输到中央处理单元进行集中式处理。

More direct, directer ; most direct, directest

径直的，笔直的

Do you know how to use a chain saw?

你知道如何使用链锯吗？