查询词典 likelihood

We will demonstrate the specification of reference prior distribution on the random covariance matrix. We will consider the approximate uniform shrinkage prior and approximate Jeffreys' prior. Both are formulated based on the approximated likelihood function. Under generalized linear mixed models, we show that the posterior mode under Jeffrey's prior is asymptotically closer to the REML estimate than the mode under uniform shrinkage prior does.

在广义线性混合模式下，我们证明了在样本数很大时，随机效应之变异数成份的后验众数和REML估计值会近似相等，同时也建立了后验众数和REML估计值的近似关系式，并提出了比较二种后验众数与REML估计值之间远近的准则。

Based on the pre-treated Chinese annual economic data from 1985 to 2004,the paper makes the time series stability test,the co-integration test(Johansen maximum likelihood method) and Grenger causal test,and makes a positive analysis of the long-term stable relation between the foreign direct investment in China and the growth of China's economy,which proves that the foreign di...

本文根据经过预处理的1985—2004中国有关年度经济数据，进行了时间序列平稳性检验、协整检验(Johansen极大似然方法)和格兰杰因果检验，实证分析了外商在中国直接投资与中国经济增长之间存在的长期稳定关系，证实了外商直接投资是我国经济增长的一个重要原因，并提出一些政策建议。

Still, the odds were against their encounter on this desolate island, and if Jackson had not appeared when he did, Nansen and Johansen in all likelihood would have died.

尽管如此，他们在这个荒凉的岛上相遇的几率仍然极低，而如果杰克逊没有出现在那里的话，南森和约翰森很有可能就会长眠于当地。

The main content of preparation before scoring is selection of characteristics, which mainly uses Logistic regression, contingency table analysis and artificial neural network. Personal credit scoring and evaluation mainly uses general discriminant analysis, refined decision tree model, improved genetic algorithm, probability neural network and behavioral scoring model. The effect test of personal credit scoring includes fitting effect test and fitness test. The former involves right prediction rate, Kappa consistency test, ROC curve, and the latter includes likelihood ratio test, Hosmer-Lemeshow test, etc.

评分前的准备工作主要是特征变量的筛选，其中使用的主要方法为Logisitic回归、列联表分析和人工神经网络；本文使用的个人信用评分与评估方法为广义判别分析、精练决策树模型、改进遗传算法、概率神经网络和行为评分模型；个人信用评估的效果检验包括拟合效果检验和拟合优度检验两个方面，前者涉及的方法有预测的正确率、Kappa一致性检验、ROC曲线，后者主要包括似然比检验、Hosmer-Lemeshow检验等。

The former involves right prediction rate, Kappa consistency test, ROC curve, and the latter includes likelihood ratio test, Hosmer-Lemeshow test, etc.

评分前的准备工作主要是特征变量的筛选，其中使用的主要方法为Logisitic回归、列联表分析和人工神经网络；本文使用的个人信用评分与评估方法为广义判别分析、精练决策树模型、改进遗传算法、概率神经网络和行为评分模型；个人信用评估的效果检验包括拟合效果检验和拟合优度检验两个方面，前者涉及的方法有预测的正确率、Kappa一致性检验、ROC曲线，后者主要包括似然比检验、Hosmer-Lemeshow检验等。

Finally,the wind velocity data of Nantong observatory are used to verify the methods above-mentioned,and the likelihood ratio method and Kolmogorov statistic are used to test the fitness of the distribution.

引入涵盖Gumbel，Frechet，Weibull三类极值渐近分布的广义极值分布模型，给出该模型参数的极大似然估计的计算公式，并由此导出设计基本风速及其置信上限的计算方法。

Finally, the wind velocity data of Nantong observatory are used to verify the methods above-mentioned, and the likelihood ratio method and Kolmogorov statistic are used to test the fitness of the distribution, It is obtained that the distribution of yearly extreme wind velocity of the observatory is in keeping with Frechet distribution, and the experimental distribution form from samples basically coincides with the theoretical ones.

采用南通气象观测站的年最大风速资料进行实证研究，分别用似然比法和Kolmogorv统计量检验分布的拟合优度，得出南通气象观测站年最大风速符合Frechet分布，而由样本值构造的经验分布与理论分布曲线基本相吻合。

Nurses' work environment lability is closely related to somatization discomfort; likelihood of job unhealthy change and significance of unemployment are important factors influencing nurses' somatization discomfort.

护士工作环境的不稳定性与躯体化不适密切相关；工作不良改变的可能性和失去某一工作特性的重要性等因素是影响护士躯体化不适的重要因素。

Maximum likelihood estimation of spatial lag and spatial error regression modes, some specification tests for spatial autocorrelation and optimization methods for ML are also set forth in this section.

在标准回归模型中可以以两种截然不同的方式来合并空间相关：一是将空间相关表示为因变量的一个空间滞后，二是将空间相关表示为一个误差项的空间自回归结构。

Through this model, which could make full use of the given prior information as the constraints of maximum likelihood estimation and based on Lagrange function, the calculation problem of fault prior probabilities was transformed to non-constrained optimization problem.

该模型以相关的先验信息作为最大概率估计的约束条件，并通过拉格朗日函数，将故障先验概率估算问题转化成无约束优化问题。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。