查询词典 ligaments

Cases were observed injury of knee joint cruciate ligaments merely.1 case with rupture of knee joint cruciate ligaments was not observed in CT images. The accuracy was 93.33%. The injury of tendon and ligament such as the rupture, thickening, hydropsia and circuity also were showed by 16-slice spiral CT image.

在15例膝关节交叉韧带损伤病例中，8例交叉韧带损伤伴撕脱骨折诊断明确，6例单纯交叉韧带断裂诊断明确， 1例韧带断裂未显示，诊断准确率为93.33%。16层螺旋CT可显示肌腱的断裂、增粗、水肿和迂曲等。

Methods: 1. Experimental laparoscopic liver resection: We selected pigs as experimental models aiming to approach human beings physiological and anatomical condition. After CO2 pneumoperitoneum was established, the ligaments around liver were dissociated. Livers were cut off by the methods such as clamp dissection, microwave tissue coagulator, ultrasound dissector, Ligsure dissection, hand-assisted, short abdominal incision laparoscopy-assisted, and Endo-GIA switcher. The operation time and bleeding volume were compared between different methods of laparoscopic liver resection. The advantages and limitations of different methods were summarized. 2. Clinical laparoscopic liver resection: 15 cases with tumors in segment V of anterior right lobe or segments II, III of left lateral lobe or segment IV of left internal lobe were selected in this study. The liver diseases included hepatocellular cancer, hepatic cavernous hemangioma and hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia. The ligaments around liver were dissociated after CO2 pneumoperitoneum established. Laparoscopic liver resection were carried out by some of the methods combined such as clamp dissection, microwave tissue coagulator, hand-assisted, short abdominal incision laparoscopy-assisted, ultrasound dissector, rotation and suction dissector.

1、实验性腹腔镜肝切除：以猪为实验动物，旨在接近人体的生理、解剖环境下进行实验，建立操作空间后游离肝脏周围韧带，采用钳夹分离切肝法、微波刀切肝法、超声刀切肝法、Ligsure切肝法、手辅助腹腔镜肝切除法、小切口腹腔镜辅助切肝法、Endo-GIA切肝法等方法实施腹腔镜下肝切除，比较不同切肝方法的手术时间、出血量，总结各种方法的优越性及其局限性。2、临床腹腔镜肝切除：选择肿瘤位于肝右前叶第Ⅴ段、肝左外叶第Ⅱ、Ⅲ段及左内叶第Ⅳ段的15例患者，病种包括原发性肝癌、肝海绵状血管瘤、肝脏局灶性增生，建立气腹后游离肝脏周围韧带，采用钳夹分离断肝、微波刀固化后断肝、手辅助腹腔镜肝切除、小切口腹腔镜辅助肝切除、超声刀断肝、旋吸断肝等多种方法分离切线肝组织，暴露管道结构，再采用高频电凝、钛夹夹闭、缝扎止血、止血纱布覆盖、氩气刀止血、生物胶止血、Endo-GIA处理等多种方法相结合处理肝断面，统计手术完成情况、手术时间、手术出血量、术后并发症及术后住院时间等，评价腹腔镜肝切除的可行性及安全性。

Ligaments were very important to provide stability of knee joints, but some dancing motions take shearing force to knee joints and caused ligaments overstretch.

同时，闭锁运动链的运动型态也促进了踝关节及足部的本体知觉。膝关节的韧带在支持膝盖的稳定度上扮演了非常重要的角色，但是有些舞蹈动作会在膝关节形成一个剪力进而造成了韧带的过度牵张。

Anatomic classificationof ankle sprains is based on the number of affected ligaments.First-degree sprain is characterized by a partial or completetear of the anterior talofibular ligament. In second-degreesprain, both the anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligamentsare either partially or completely torn. Third-degree sprainconsists of injuries to the anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular,and posterior talofibular ligaments.

踝扭伤的解剖分型是根据受累的韧带进行的。1度扭伤的特点是前距腓韧带的部分或完全撕裂。2度扭伤是前距腓韧带和跟腓韧带同时部分或完全撕裂。3度扭伤是前后距腓韧带和跟腓韧带同时损伤。

2Anatomic reductoin should be done in operation as possible as we can,cample bone should be transplanted for bone defeats,suitable and rigid internal fixation should be used,cross ligaments,collateral ligaments and meniscus injury should be effectively repaired.

术中尽可能解剖复位，关节面塌陷患者植骨量要足够，并给予合理而坚强的固定，术中尽量修复半月板、韧带等合并伤。

Joint effusion were in 5,the tibial ligament sprains in 2 and tears in 1,the fibular collateral ligaments sprains in 1,MR appeared contusive ligaments as irregular hyperitensity in swollen ligament,and teared ligament present as diffusive hyperintensity and total or partial interruption in the injuried ligaments.

其中关节腔积液5例，内侧副韧带损伤2例，部分撕裂1例，外侧副韧带损伤1例，损伤韧带表现为韧带不同程度增粗，正常低信号内出现不规则高信号；撕裂表现为韧带明显增粗，呈弥漫性高信号，韧带的连续性部分或完全中断。

MR of contusive ligaments appeared as irregular hyperitensity in swoilen ligament but their continuity was not disturbed and teared ligament presented as diffusive hyperintensity and total or partial interruption in the injuried ligaments.

损伤韧带表现为韧带不同程度增粗，但韧带连续性存在，正常低信号内出现不规则高信号；撕裂表现为韧带明显增粗，呈弥漫性高信号，韧带的连续性部分或完全中断。

Background: Numerous techniques for reconstruction of the coracoclavicular ligaments have been developed to treat acromioclavicular joint separations. A new, stronger method to reconstruct the coracoclavicular ligaments using semitendinosus tendon allografts has been previously described. No outcome studies have been published on this new procedure.

背景：目前重建喙锁韧带治疗肩锁关节分离的技术层出不穷，一种新的，坚固的通过同种异体半腱肌移植重建喙锁韧带技术曾经被描述过，然而对这一新技术的临床效果却没有文献公开报道。

First 27 rabbits of the experimental group were destabilizated by operated on L6、7.Inj Diazepam 0.25 mg/kg,Inj Ketamine 0.02 g/kg and Inj Atropine 0.125 mg/kg was one by one injected into the rabbit through the auris vein,shearing the rabbit hair of backside waist,fixing the rabbit on operation table in face lying,using 1% Povidone Ioding to degerm the operation area.Every rabbit was incised at the backside of its waist,that incisal opening is located in the center of the intervertebral space (L6、7 space) that both side iliac crest line correspond ,from the meso-ordinate direction cut about 4 cm incision,cutting open skin and subcutaneous tissue,thoroughly ,exposing the spinous processes the vertebral plates and the upper-inferior articular processes,entirely segregating the muscles that cohere the spinous processes the vertebral plates and the articluar process,then excising the supraspinal ligaments and interspinal ligaments,biting off two sides the inferior articular processes of L6,in order that resulting in intervertebral destabilization,using 0.9% Inj.Sodium Chloride to washout the incisal opening,in order sewing up each layer tissues.

方法］ 取48只6个月龄日本大耳白兔，雌雄不限，体重为（2.5±0.2） kg，随机进行分组，分为对照组和实验组，对照组为21只；实验组为27只；先将实验组兔腰背部皮毛剪除，用安定注射液1.25 mg/kg、氯胺酮0.02 g/kg、阿托品0.125 mg/kg顺次耳缘静脉注射麻醉后，俯卧固定于手术台上，用1%碘伏消毒手术区域，以髂嵴平对椎间隙（即L6、7）为中心，从正中取一长约4 cm纵行切口，切开皮肤及皮下组织，锐性分离，暴露棘突、椎板及上下关节突，将附着于棘突、椎板及小关节的肌肉全部分离开，然后依次切除L6、7棘上及棘间韧带，咬除第6腰椎两侧下关节突，造成椎间失稳，用无菌生理盐水冲洗切口，依次缝合各层组织；术后动物在笼中自由活动。

Inj Diazepam 0.25 mg/kg,Inj Ketamine 0.02 g/kg and Inj Atropine 0.125 mg/kg was one by one injected into the rabbit through the auris vein,shearing the rabbit hair of backside waist,fixing the rabbit on operation table in face lying,using 1% Povidone Ioding to degerm the operation area.Every rabbit was incised at the backside of its waist,that incisal opening is located in the center of the intervertebral space (L6、7 space) that both side iliac crest line correspond ,from the meso-ordinate direction cut about 4 cm incision,cutting open skin and subcutaneous tissue,thoroughly ,exposing the spinous processes the vertebral plates and the upper-inferior articular processes,entirely segregating the muscles that cohere the spinous processes the vertebral plates and the articluar process,then excising the supraspinal ligaments and interspinal ligaments,biting off two sides the inferior articular processes of L6,in order that resulting in intervertebral destabilization,using 0.9% Inj.Sodium Chloride to washout the incisal opening,in order sewing up each layer tissues.

方法］ 取48只6个月龄日本大耳白兔，雌雄不限，体重为（2.5±0.2） kg，随机进行分组，分为对照组和实验组，对照组为21只；实验组为27只；先将实验组兔腰背部皮毛剪除，用安定注射液1.25 mg/kg、氯胺酮0.02 g/kg、阿托品0.125 mg/kg顺次耳缘静脉注射####后，俯卧固定于手术台上，用1%碘伏消毒手术区域，以髂嵴平对椎间隙（即L6、7）为中心，从正中取一长约4 cm纵行切口，切开皮肤及皮下组织，锐性分离，暴露棘突、椎板及上下关节突，将附着于棘突、椎板及小关节的肌肉全部分离开，然后依次切除L6、7棘上及棘间韧带，咬除第6腰椎两侧下关节突，造成椎间失稳，用无菌生理盐水冲洗切口，依次缝合各层组织；术后动物在笼中自由活动。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。