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Based on the historical experiences, comparison and practice for moral education in universities, a complete study of moral education mode for postgraduate is carried out to contain the assumptive theories, structural process of knowledge and complete operational system. Thus, a new mode of the moral education for postgraduates in the new era is suggested on the idea level, structural level and operational level.

经过历史经验、比较借鉴和理论原则等方面的准备，论文提出了研究生德育模式研究必须具备提供理论的假设性、促进知识的结构化过程和形成完整的操作系统等3个基本特征，并以当前的工作实践为背景，从理念层次、结构化层次和操作层次上，总结出符合新时期特点的研究生德育模式。

Aim at the defect of commonly technique,a new technique of alarm in advance of boiler water level is put forward.this technique adopt the idea of signal catenation and blur control.alarm in advance and seek out the coming fault.the fault can be repaired before water level beyond the limit.avoiding water level beyond the limit.

针对一般方法的弊端，提出一种新颖的汽包水位预警的方法。该预警系统采用信号间的连锁和模糊控制的思想，在故障发生以前提出预警，并且找出可能发生的故障。从而达到在水位越限以前进行故障检修，避免水位越限。

He proved that the left ward turning of Yangtze river diluted water is mainly resulted from the interaction between the bottom declining and the lag of the transversal pressure gradient, made the numerical simulation and preliminary study on the thermohaline staircase structure formation mechanism, improved American Academician Wunsch's inverse method of ocean circulation, jointed the discover of " Mindanao Under Current", which is the first ocean current found and named by Chinese scientists and widely accepted over the world, simulated the horizontal and vertical carbon fluxes in East China Sea by a simple ecosystem model, estimated the photosynthesis efficiency less than 8% in Jiaozhou Bay, applied statistical downscaling technology to Chinese coast and Japanese islands realizing the simulation and forecast of sea level low frequency variations, pointed out that the quasi-periodicity of El Nino events should be resulted from the interaction between the 3~4 year oscillation in tropical Pacific and decadal oscillation in the northern Pacific of middle latitudes of the air-sea coupled climate system and at decadal time scale the precipitation influence on sea level variation along Chinese coast and Japanese islands becomes more important, which is closely related to the decadal oscillation of air-sea coupled climate system, therefore precipitation most likely play a major role for the decadal oscillation formation;; proposed Extended Associate Pattern Analysis to analyse combined observed datasets of sea surface temperature and sea level pressure or geopotential hight at 1000 hPa (GH1000) over the Pacific and related seas.

论证了长江冲淡水向左转向主要由于底形下倾与横向压力梯度滞后相互作用的结果。对温盐阶梯结构的形成过程及物理机制进行了数值模拟与初步探讨。改进了美国科学院院士Wunsch的大洋环流反演法。与胡敦欣院士共同发现了"棉兰老潜流"，这是第一支由中国科学家发现、命名并得到普遍承认的洋流。借助较为简单的生态模式数值模拟了东海的水平与垂直碳通量；胶州湾浮游植物的屏蔽效应可以使底层海水温度在升温季节降低2度，由此推算出其光合作用的效率应小于8%；浮游植物春季水华的生物过程实际上强化了海水层化的物理过程。将统计学降尺度技术应用于日本列岛和我国沿海，实现了海平面长周期变化的模拟与预报。

To accelerate the widespread of Synchronous Chip Seal and improve the operation quality of Synchronous Chipsealer, key techniques which influence the operation quality is studied detailedly, including the control of distributing quality, the dynamics characteristics of hydraulic system and the spray characteristics of asphalt nozzle of Synchronous Chipsealer.1 The factors which influence Synchronous Chip Seal quality are studied. Fiducial probability of simultaneous distribution density is advised to be used in evaluating the distribution bias and standard deviation of asphalt and aggregates simultaneously, which is more advanced than the single index evaluation method used before.2 The volume efficiency formula of asphalt pump is revised after analyzing the data of volume efficiency with mathematical statistics, which is helpful to match the asphalt spray system and control the flow out of asphalt pump accurately. With equation deduction and experiment, dynamic of hydraulic system used in Synchronous Chipsealer is studied, which lay the theory foundation on improving the stability and efficiency from design and controlling.4 Simulation on hydraulic system used in Synchronous Chipsealer is done with AMESim; the results indicate that multi-circle parallel connected hydraulic system with constant pressure power is better than that with load-sensing pressure power at present, because the latter will oscillate when the multi circles work at the same time. This conclusion has been proved during the debug of Synchronous Chipsealer.5 Asphalt nozzle characteristics, such as flat jet shape, flow distribution, are studied with experiment, the results indicate that cross quality of asphalt distributing is not increased linearly follow the increase of fan overlap level, the best point usually exists between two whole overlap level, asphalt distributing quality is better than±4% at the 2.5 overlap level, meets the superior specified in standard; The distribution quality of Synchronous Chipsealer can be increased by spray asphalt of different flow rang with nozzle of different diameter

为了加快同步碎石封层技术的推广，提高同步碎石封层设备的作业质量，本文对同步碎石封层设备作业质量的影响因素与控制方法、液压系统的动力学特性和沥青喷嘴的喷洒特性等关键技术进行了深入细致的研究：1研究了影响同步碎石封层作业质量的因素，提出了采用联合密度分布置信概率对同步碎石封层中沥青洒布量和碎石撒布量的系统偏差和标准差指标进行综合评价的方法，克服了传统评价方法只能对单一指标进行评价的缺陷；2采用数理统计的方法，研究了沥青泵的容积效率特性，修正了沥青泵容积效率公式，为沥青喷洒系统的匹配和沥青泵出口流量的精确控制提供了依据；采用数理方程推导与试验相结合的方法，研究了同步碎石封层设备液压系统的动力学特性，为从设计和控制的角度提高同步碎石封层设备液压系统的稳定性和效率奠定了理论基础；3运用AMESim软件对采用负载敏感控制和恒压控制的两种同步碎石封层设备液压系统进行仿真，结果表明：负载敏感控制的并联液压系统在多回路同时工作时，由于液压泵排量控制参考压力不稳定，容易引发液压系统振荡，恒压控制的并联液压系统是目前技术条件下比较理想的同步碎石封层设备工作装置驱动方案；该结论亦通过同步碎石封层设备装机试验得到了验证。4采用试验的方法对沥青喷嘴的喷洒特性进行了研究，结果表明：沥青洒布的横向精度并不是随着喷洒扇面重叠度的增加线性增加，其最高点通常出现在二个重叠度之间的"半重叠位置"，"2.5重叠"洒布时，沥青的横向洒布精度≤±4%，可以达到国家相关标准中的优级标准；同步碎石封层设备还可以根据不同洒布量情况下的流量需求，采用不同通径的喷嘴进行喷洒，提高沥青洒布精度。

First, UWPBL model(The University of Washington Planetary Boundary Layer Model) is used to retrieve typhoon's sea level pressure from sea surface winds data of SeaWinds which aboard on QuikSCAT and these strength results are analyzed. Then the variational method is applied to decompose the sea surface winds field into two parts: the vortex and irrotational environmental flow field, the UWPBL model is used again to retrieve ShanShan and YaGi typhoons' sea level pressure from the vortex flow field, the results of typhoon's central positions are analyzed by comparing the results with the results of direct retrieving, NCEP's data and typhoon annual reports. It turns out that the accuracy of the typhoon's sea level pressure central position has been obviously improved, This method offers a new idea for the study of typhoon from microwave scatterometer data.

本文首先利用QuikSCAT散射计获取的海面风场资料，利用华盛顿大学行星边界层模式对台风海平面气压场进行反演，并对其强度进行了分析；然后对获取的海面风场，采用变分方法对风场进行分解，分解出无旋和有旋风场，对分解出的有旋风场，再利用UWPBL模式对珊珊和魔羯台风的海平面气压场进行了反演，对所得结果与通常直接反演、NCEP海平面气压场及台风报文资料进行一一对比，结果表明：新的反演定位的方法对台风海平面气压场中心气压的定位精度有了大幅度的提高，此种定位的方法为散射计资料在台风中的实际应用开辟了一条新的思路。

Internal bus is a computer chip inside the external bus between the processor for use in chip-level interconnection; and system bus is the plug-in PC board and the bus between the system board for the interpolation pieces of board-level interconnection; external bus is between the computer and external equipment bus, microcomputer as a device through the bus and other equipment to carry out information and data exchange, and it is used equipment interoperability level even.

内部总线是微机内部各外围芯片与处理器之间的总线，用于芯片一级的互连；而系统总线是微机中各插件板与系统板之间的总线，用于插件板一级的互连；外部总线则是微机和外部设备之间的总线，微机作为一种设备，通过该总线和其他设备进行信息与数据交换，它用于设备一级的互连。

Mao Wei of researcher of Chinese Academy of Sciences thinks, the strategy that our country IPv4 transfers to IPv6 still is faced with number to weigh a challenge: The sequential estimation of the pressing sex of extinct to IPv4 address problem and generation is not worth whole society badly; Compare with IPv4 network photograph, at present IPv6 network still is in inchoate phase in the development of our country, had not entered extensive deploy to carry out level; IPv6 industry catenary is not perfect still, still be in what the industry grows to form level; Did not form centralized national address management to allocate a mechanism; In national level lack answers IPv4 address extinct and transfer to IPv6 the constituent mechanism with significant aspect, relevant system and measure, also do not have clear schedule.

中科院研究员毛伟认为，我国IPv4向IPv6过渡的战略还面临数重挑战：整个社会对IPv4地址耗尽问题的迫切性和产生的后果估计严重不足；与IPv4网络相比，现在IPv6网络在我国的发展仍处于早期阶段，还没有进入到广泛部署实施阶段；IPv6产业链还不完善，还处于产业发展的形成阶段；没有形成统一的全国性地址治理分配机制；在国家层面缺乏应对IPv4地址耗尽和向IPv6过渡方面有效的组织机制、相关制度与措施，也没有清楚的时间表。

In fact, when the time comes for the funding for the 08-11 triennium to be worked out, the Government will base its calculations on the funding level in 07-08 (i.e. HK$422 million), which will be 33% lower than the current level, not on a figure that is only 23% lower than the current level.

因为将来在计算08-11学年三年期的拨款时，政府将会以被削33%后的07-08学年的拨款数目，即四亿二千二佰万作基数，而绝不是以削减23%后的数字作基数。

Four nitrogen addition treatments i.e, null nitrogen level, low nitrogen level (LN, 50 kg N hm-2 a-1), moderate nitrogen level (MN,100 kg N hm-2 a-1) and high nitrogen level (HN, 150 kg N hm-2 a-1), were established in the forest. All nitrogen treatments were carried out in triplicates.

通过原位进行低氮(LN， 50 kg N· hm-2· a-1)、中氮(MN， 100 kg N· hm-2· a-1)和高氮(HN， 150 kg N· hm-2· a-1)处理，研究了川南天然常绿阔叶林土壤酶活性特征及其对模拟N沉降的响应。

Having analyzed a series of basic concepts, the paper points out that agricultural competitiveness can be understood both at the agricultural industry level and at agricultural commodity level. The paper analyzes the factors that might affect agricultural competitiveness, and then points out that proper market structure of agricultural industry is the precondition to ...

构建合理的农业产业市场结构是提高农业竞争力的前提条件，农业企业和农户的农产品成本、农产品差别化和农业生产项目的选择策略是影响农业竞争力的主要因素，农业竞争力的提升须从这些影响因素入手。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。