查询词典 lemma

Spikelets green, ovate to obovate, plumply plano-convex, 2.5–3.5 mm, smooth, shining, obtuse; upper glume cartilaginous, 3-veined, glabrous; lower lemma resembling upper glume but slightly shorter; upper lemma pale green, slightly shorter than spikelet, finely striate, obtuse.

绿色的小穗，卵形到倒卵形，平凸的plumply，2.5-3.5毫米，平滑，发亮，钝；上面颖片软骨质，3脉，无毛；除了稍短，象上面颖片的更低的外稃；上面外稃苍绿色，稍短于小穗，细条纹，钝。

Culms forming large clumps, erect, 10–50(–120) cm tall, 3–35 mm in diam. Leaf sheaths mostly longer than internodes, smooth; leaf blades linear, flat or inrolled upward, 10–45 × 0.7–1.5 cm, smooth, apex fine, hard, upper blades usually patent; ligule 2–3 mm. Racemes racemosely arranged, 2–6(–12), 7–23 cm, stiff, erect or slightly spreading; spikelets closely overlapping; rachis terminating in a hard bristle up to 5 cm. Spikelets 12–21 mm, pubescent; lower glume 2/3–4/5 as long as spikelet, acute; upper glume lanceolate-oblong, as long as spikelet, acute; lemma lanceolate-oblong, ca. 1 cm, keel scaberulous, pubescent, entirely or in upper half; palea slightly longer than lemma.

形成的秆大丛生，直立，(-120)厘米高，多数叶鞘3-35毫米直径长于，平滑；叶片线形，公寓或向上， 10-45 * 0.7-1.5 厘米，平滑，先端细，硬，上面的叶片通常开展；安排的2-3毫米外消旋体总状分枝的叶舌，2-6(-12)，7-23厘米，硬，直立或者稍开展；小穗接近重叠；轴终止在一难的硬毛可达5 厘米小穗12-21毫米，青春期；更低的颖片2/3-4/5倍于小穗，锐尖；上面颖片披针形长圆形，倍于小穗，锐尖；外稃披针形长圆形，约1厘米，微糙，青春期的龙骨，完全或者在上半部；稍微的内稃长于外稃。

Spikelets with 1 floret, mostly laterally compressed, rachilla extension absent, falling entire; glumes absent or reduced to small scales at base of floret; lemma membranous to leathery, keeled, 5–10-veined, entire, with or without a straight awn from the apex; palea resembling lemma but narrower, 3–7-veined with central keel.

小穗具1小花，多数侧面压扁，小穗轴扩展无，变为全缘；颖片小花的无的或退化至小鳞片在基部；外稃膜的到革质，翻转，5-10脉，整个，有或没有来自顶的一直的芒；内稃象外稃但是狭窄，3-7脉与中心的龙骨一起。

Spikelets 3–6, 4–7 cm, glaucous, pedicels hairy; florets 8–13; rachilla internodes 4–5 mm. Glumes 3–5, enlarged upward; lemma ovate-lanceolate; palea longer than lemma, rarely equal in length, ciliate, glaucous and slightly hairy between keels, apex acute.

小穗3-6，4-7厘米，有白霜，花梗有毛；小花8-13；小穗轴节间的4-5毫米颖片3-5，向上扩大；外稃卵状披针形；内稃长于外稃，很少等长，纤毛，有白霜和在龙骨之间的稍有毛，先端锐尖。

Spikelets 3.8–4.5 mm, usually purple tinged; glumes glabrous, veins scaberulous; lower glume 2.5–3 mm, 3–5-veined; upper glume as long as spikelet, 5-veined; lower floret staminate, as long as lower glume; upper floret 2.2–3 mm, lemma apex subentire, awned; awn geniculate with brown twisted column, 2.7–5 mm; callus hairs ca. 1/2 length of lemma.

小穗3.8-4.5毫米，通常，紫色微染；颖片无毛，脉；更低的颖片2.5-3毫米，3-5脉；上面颖片倍于小穗，5脉；雄蕊花的下部的小花，倍于更低的颖片；上面小花2.2-3毫米，外稃先端，具芒；用棕色的盘旋的柱子，2.7-5毫米膝曲的芒；约的胼胝体毛1/2段外稃。

Racemes (4–)10–40(–100),(8–)10–30 cm; rachis internodes glabrous, scaberulous or smooth, nodes glabrous; lower pedicel 0.5–1.5 mm, upper pedicel 1.5–4 mm. Spikelets 4–6.5 mm, pilose or glabrous, awned; callus hairs 5–8 mm, exceeding the spikelet; glumes subequal, membranous, 4–6.5 mm, 5-veined, back glabrous or pilose, puberulous at apex and along upper margins, apex acuminate; lower lemma lanceolate, hyaline, 3.5–4 mm, veinless, apex and margins puberulous, otherwise glabrous; upper lemma similar to lower, 2.5–3.5 mm; awn geniculate, 4–12 mm; upper palea a 1–2 mm scale.

总状花序(4-)10-40(-100)，(8-)10-30厘米；轴节间的无毛，微糙的或平滑，节点无毛；更低的花梗0.5-1.5毫米，上面花梗1.5-4毫米小穗4-6.5毫米，具柔毛或无毛，具芒；胼胝体毛5-8毫米，超过小穗；颖片近等长，膜质，毫米，5－脉，背无毛或具柔毛，被微柔毛在先端和沿着上面边缘，先端渐尖；披针形，透明的下部外稃，3.5-4毫米，无脉，被微柔毛的先端和边缘，或无毛；类似于上面外稃降低，2.5-3.5毫米；膝曲的芒，4-12毫米；上面内稃一1-2毫米鳞片。

Spikelets 5–6.5 mm, green tinged purple; glumes glabrous or rarely setose, scaberulous along veins; lower glume 4.5–5.5 mm, 3 (–5)-veined; upper glume 5-veined; lower floret staminate or barren, shorter than glumes or equaling lower glume; upper floret 2.5–3 mm, lemma apex awned, awn flanked by 2 slender erect bristles; bristles mostly 1–2.5 mm; awn geniculate with brown twisted column, 6–10 mm; callus hairs 1/4–1/3 length of lemma.

微染的小穗5-6.5毫米，绿色紫色；颖片无毛的或很少具刚毛，微糙的沿脉；更低的颖片4.5-5.5毫米，3(-5)脉；上面颖片5脉；无意义的下部小花雄蕊花或，短于颖片或等长下部的颖片； 2纤细的直立刚毛从侧面包围的上面小花2.5-3毫米，外稃先端具芒，芒；多数的刚毛1-2.5毫米；用棕色的盘旋的柱子，6-10毫米膝曲的芒；胼胝体毛1/4-1/3段外稃。

Sessile spikelet dorsally compressed; callus very short, obtuse, shortly bearded; lower glume cartilaginous, broadly convex to slightly concave, flanks rounded, keeled toward apex, apex acute to obtuse; upper glume boat-shaped, dorsally keeled; lower floret reduced to a small empty hyaline lemma; upper lemma stipitiform, entire, awned from apex; awn geniculate, glabrous or puberulous.

背的无梗小穗压扁；胼胝体非常短，钝，短具髯毛；更低的颖片软骨质，对稍凹，侧面圆形，龙骨状的向先端，先端锐尖到钝宽凸；上面颖片舟状，背龙骨状；更低的小花退化至一小的空的透明的外稃；上面外稃柄状，全缘，从那里先端；膝曲的芒，无毛或被微柔毛。

Sessile spikelet subterete; callus long, pungent, bearded; lower glume leathery, obtuse; upper glume awnless; lower floret reduced to a hyaline lemma; upper lemma stipitiform, entire, passing into a stout geniculate awn with hairy column.

无梗小穗近圆柱状；胼胝体长，锐尖，具髯毛；更低的颖片革质，钝；上面颖片awnless；更低的小花退化至一透明的外稃；膝曲的柄状，全缘，度过的上面外稃成为一粗壮具有毛柱状。

Spikelets lanceolate to narrowly oblong, dorsally compressed; callus short, bearded, hairs usually less than 1/2 spikelet length; glumes cartilaginous to leathery; lower glume flat or slightly concave, hairy, back veinless or inconspicuously veined, flanks rounded in lower half, keeled toward apex, acute to truncate; upper glume boat-shaped, 1-keeled down midline; lower floret reduced to an empty hyaline lemma, rarely absent; upper lemma linear to oblong, occasionally broader, shortly 2-toothed or 2-lobed to middle, awned E.

小穗披针形的到狭长圆形，背压扁；胼胝体短，具髯毛，不到1/2的小穗长度的通常毛；颖片软骨质的到革质；更下部的颖片平或稍凹，有毛，背无脉或不明显，侧面圆形在下半部，龙骨状向先端，锐尖到截形；舟状的上面颖片，沿着midline龙骨状的1；更低的小花退化至一空的透明的外稃，很少无；上面外稃线形到长圆形，偶有宽，2齿或2裂的至中部，具芒的E。

Liapunov—Schmidt method is one of the most important method in the bifurcation theory.

Liapunov—Schmidt方法是分叉理论的最重要方法之一。

Be courteous -- even when people are most discourteous to you .

要有礼貌──即使当別人对你最不礼貌的时候。