查询词典 legislation

Bicameralism increases the transaction costs of enacting legislation, which can be good or bad (it is bad in national emergencies, as in the financial crisis of last September), and it also increases the cost of repeal, which on balance probably is bad, arbitrarily enhances the political power of sparsely populated states, results in many unprincipled and confusing legislative compromises, and diffuses responsibility for legislation.

两院制增加了制定颁布法律的办理成本，这可能有好有坏（在国家紧要时刻就有害，就像去年9月爆发的金融危机）；两院制也增加了撤销决议的花费，总的来说可能是不利的，这任意地提升了人口稀少的州的政治力量，导致了许多不道德的、令人疑惑的法案妥协方案；也模糊了法律的职责。

On the basis of a systematic collection and analysis of historical materials,the disserta-tion probes into the early appearance of a new mode of commercial legislative thinking in Chi-nese feudal society,the establishment of legal framework by western powers to serve fortheir economic invasion,the legal crisis in the development of Chinese national bourgeoise,the evolution of the commercial legislative thinking of Chinese national bourgeoisie,thecause,process and majar content of establishing commercial legislation by the Qing Dynasty,the Northern warlord and the ruling clique of Kuomingdang,as well as the ideological reasonwhy the Chinese commercial legislation between 1840 and 1930 failed to provide a effectivelegal framework for the modernization of Chinese economy.

本文在系统收集和整理史料的基础上，对中国封建社会内部出现的新型商事立法思想的萌芽，西方列强在华建立服务于其经济侵略的法律框架的活动，民族资产阶级在发展中所遇到的法律危机，民族资产阶级商事立法思想的发展过程（特别是其在清末、民初的发展），清政府、北洋军阀和国民党统治集团制定商法的原因、过程、主要内容，中国1840—1949年间商事立法不能为中国经济现代化提供完备、成熟、有效的制度基础的思想方面的原因等问题进行了尝试性的探索。

To attain this target, we must thoroughly carry into effect the spirits of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th Plenary Sessions of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, adhere to the Deng Xiaoping theory and the important "three represents" ideology for guidance, fully implement the scientific development view, continuously insist on the improvement of legislative quality as the key, give priority to improving legislation on the socialist market economic system, accelerate legislation on building a harmonious socialist society, and muster strengths to well make and amend those laws serving as the backbone of the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, so as to provide strong legal safeguards for the building of a socialist economy, politics, culture and society.

为实现这一目标，必须深入贯彻党的十六大和十六届三中、四中、五中、六中全会精神，坚持以邓小平理论和"三个代表"重要思想为指导，全面落实科学发展观，继续坚持以提高立法质量为重点，着力完善社会主义市场经济体制方面的立法，加快构建社会主义和谐社会方面的立法，集中力量把在中国特色社会主义法律体系中起支架作用的法律制定好、修改好，为社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设和社会建设提供有力的法律保障。2007年的立法计划及相关工作，拟作如下安排。一、集中力量，确保提请审议或通过的法律案22件

With the continuous development of modern society, awareness rising of civic democracy and rights, democratic participation in the legislative process is an urgent requirement to improve the quality of environmental legislation, so that environmental legislation more in line with the concept of sustainable dev ...

现代社会的不断发展，公民民主、权利意识的不断提高，民主的参与的立法程序，是提高环境立法质量，使环境立法更加符合可持续发展观的迫切要求。

Local legislation is an imprtant component of our legislation system. It not only reflects the awaking of civic rights and enthuiasm of public participation in pursuing The Rule of Law, but aslo is the basis for building a harmonious society.

地方立法是我国立法体系的重要组成部分，公众参与地方立法反映出公民权利意识的觉醒和地方法制建设的热情，也是构建和谐社会的基础和表征。

On the basis of formal chapters' analysis, learning from foreign countries' successful experience in circular economy's legislation, considering our own legislation practice in developing circular economy, the main framework of our country's circular economy's legal institutions' construction is put forward as follows, the guidance thought of the circular economy's legal institutions' construction is the concept of scientific development and the thought of sustainable development; the 3R principle, the principle of following the ecological rules, the principle of giving priority to precautions, the principle of the contaminator paying are the basic principles of the circular economy's legal institutions' construction; the field of the natural resources' exploitation and utilization, the field of manufacturing industry and service trades, the field of disposing waste and changing waste into resources, the field of the exploiting and utilizing energy, and the field of social consumption are the key fields of the circular economy's legal institution's construction; the circular economy's legal system is constructed from four levels, the basic laws, the principle laws, the comprehensive laws and the special laws; The following circular economy's legal institutions are made, the institution of circular economy's planning, the institution of green economy's accounting, the institution of scientific and technological information's titles, the institution of economic encouragement, the institution of market allowance, the institution of listing the names' who set good example in developing circular economy, the institution of forcing those enterprises with heavy pollution into developing circular economy, the institution of green consumption, the institution of the public's participation, the institution of sharing the responsibility, and the institution of evaluating the circular economy's results.

该部分以前面几章分析的循环经济立法理念为基础，借鉴国外循环经济立法的成功经验，结合我国的循环经济立法实际，提出了我国循环经济法制建设的基本框架是：以科学发展观和可持续发展思想为循环经济法制建设的指导思想；以"3R"原则、遵循生态规律原则、预防优先原则和污染者付费原则为循环经济法制建设的基本原则；以自然资源开发利用领域、加工制造产业与服务产业领域、废弃物处理与资源化领域、能源开发利用领域和社会消费领域为循环经济法制建设的重点领域；从根本法层面、基本法层面、综合法层面和专门法层面来构建循环经济法律体系；构建包括循环经济规划制度、绿色经济核算制度、科技信息支持制度、经济激励制度、市场准入制度、循环名录与循环示范制度、重点污染企业强制实施循环经济制度、绿色消费制度、公众参与制度、责任分担制度和循环经济绩效评价制度在内的循环经济法律制度。

Chapter II is through the analysis of the elements that constitute a crime of bribery to bribery legislation in China revealed the inadequacies and the resulting defects, the third chapter with the "United Nations Convention against Corruption" to conduct a comparative analysis of the relevant provisions of the fourth chapter In the second, on the basis of three chapters, from the actual conditions of China's proposed legislation on bribery sound recommendations to develop a special "anti-corruption law," the "national staff" to "national public official" to remove "To seek the interests of others" requirement, and an additional qualification crimination.

第二章是通过对受贿犯罪构成要件的分析来揭示我国受贿罪立法的不足之处和由此产生的弊端，第三章是与《联合国反腐败公约》的有关规定进行比较分析，第四章是在第二、三章的基础上，从我国实际情况出发，提出对受贿罪进行立法完善的相关建议，制定专门的《反腐败法》，将"国家工作人员"改为"国家公职人员"，取消"为他人谋取利益"的规定，并增设资格刑。

Face situation of this kind of market, build to coordinate what Europe integrates big market, europe in all committee of physical ability source promulgated a new natural gas legislation, but because each 100 crosscurrent are very much, this legislation is forced to defer carry out.

面对这种市场形势，为协调欧洲统一大市场的建立，欧共体能源委员会颁布了一项新的天然气立法，但由于各方百反对意见很多，此立法被迫推迟实施。

The 2007 Council made a number of changes to the legislative process for the 2010 Council, including changing the deadline to receive legislation, the deadline for amendments, the definition of defective legislation, and the number of recommended legislative items per district.

2007立法会议对於2010立法会议作了一些立法程序的变更，包括更改接受立法案的截止日期、修正案的截止日期、瑕疵立法的定义、以及每个地区的建议立法案数目。

The article thinks that moral legislation has important meaning for the socialism law building and the socialism moral building, but, in fact, moral legislation has some defectiveness,too.

笔者认为推行道德法律化对社会主义法制建设与道德建设具有重要的指导意义，但不可否认的是道德法律化的实施也有一定的局限性。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。