查询词典 legal system

The purpose of this dissertation lies in perfecting relative laws of administration of medical waste,according to the lawmaking and law system of foreign countries.meanwhile,the notion is provided to consummate relative law system and achieve the purpose of holding in the administration of medical waste,environment protect and human health.this dissertation puts forward first-step conceivableness of perfecting lawmaking and law system concerning the administration to disposal of medical waste.because our country's law system concerning medical waste is too immovable and abstract,this research will make our country's law system of the medical waste more concrete and more definite,which will strengthen the operability in the fulfillment and make the lawmaking spirit embodied.simultaneously it provides legal basis and policy support for the administration to disposal of medical waste.the problem of the administration of medical waste enlarges the difficulties of disposal process.to perfect lawmaking,law-executing,law-supervising.is advantageous to strengthen the administration to disposal of medical waste of our country.meanwhile it has theoretic meaning and application value for environment safety and human health.this dissertation is totally divided into four parts.the first part explains the current condition of the administration to disposal of medical waste of our country,which introduces the concept of medical waste,the harm of medical waste,the necessity of administration, current lawmaking condition and present law system of the medical waste.the second part introduces the general situation of lawmaking concerning the administration to disposal of medical waste of the united states,eu,japan and korea.simultaneously it explains the apocalypse of administration to disposal of medical waste of our country.the third part points out the existent law problem of the administration to disposal of medical waste,including lawmaking problem,law enforcement problem and law system problem.the fourth part aims at the relative suggestions to the existent law problems of the administration to disposal of medical waste of our country.the suggestions want to raise lawmaking layer,perfect lawmaking contents,strengthens law enforcement,practice the law system of the manufacturer to be responsible for the medical waste.meanwhile,it gives the advice on the punishment-compensation system,the conduct permit system and the risk fund system.

本论文研究的目的在于借鉴国外有关医疗废物在立法、执法、法律制度等方面的经验，完善适合我国医疗废物管理的相关法律，提出我国有关医疗废物管理的立法构想，完善各项相关的法律制度，以达到规范医疗废物管理、保护环境、保护人类健康的目的。本论文为完善我国医疗废物管理的立法、执法和法律制度提出初步设想，由于我国有关医疗废物的法律制度规定得太原则、太抽象，通过本论文研究，使得我国医疗废物法律制度更具体、更明确，增强在实践中的操作性，使立法精神充分得到体现。同时可以为我国医疗废物管理工作提供法理依据和决策支持。我国医疗废物管理体制的问题加大了医疗废物治理的难度，立法、执法、监督等方面的完善有利于加强对我国医疗废物的管理；在保障可持续发展的环境安全和人类健康领域也具有理论意义和应用价值。本文共分为四个部分，第一部分说明了我国目前医疗废物管理的现状，介绍了医疗废物的概念、危害、进行管理的必要性、当前我国医疗废物的立法现状和法律制度现状。第二部分介绍了美国、欧盟、日本、韩国关于医疗废物管理的立法概况及对我国医疗废物管理的启示。第三部分指出了我国医疗废物管理存在的法律问题，包括立法问题、执法问题和法律制度问题。第四部分针对我国医疗废物管理存在的法律问题提出了相应的建议。建议要提高立法层次、完善立法内容、加强执法力度、实行生产者负责分类回收的法律制度、集中处置法律制度、惩罚性赔偿制度、经营许可证制度、环境责任保险制度和风险基金制度。

My paper is divided into three parts, firstly, introduces one — Person company in basic theory, including its conception, characteristics, dividends and relevant terms in other countries; Secondly, illustrates China should establish one — Person company system, discusses rationality to admit one-Person comPany from theoretical and practical sides, Points out group is not the essence of legal Person, mass organization as Legal Person is a legal Person based on Person; capital credit is the essence of a company, and one-Person company can also have it; limited liability of shareholders does not depend on detachedness of ownership and management, admitting one investor enjoy limited liability will not damage creditors' profits that much.

本文分为三部分，第一部分是一人公司理论与立法概要，主要介绍一人公司的概念、特征、类别及各国的立法例；第二部分全面论述我国应建立一人公司制度，首先，论述全面建立一人公司的理论依据，提出了团体性不是法人的本质特征，社团法人是以人为基础的法人；资本信用是公司的本质特征，一人公司可以具备资本信用；有限责任的基础不是所有权与经营权的分离，允许一人投资者享有有限责任并非对公司债权人极为不利的观点；接着论述全面建立一人公司的实践依据；最后进一步分析我国全面建立一人公司制度的必要性。

The testimony in privilege in the countries of Anglo-American law system must be adverse or secret,while the privileged kinfolk\'s testimony in the countries of continental law system is free from legal limits.All the legal kinfolks of the suspect or the accused can refuse to testify.

其二是受拒证特权保护的证言范围有所不同，英美法系国家受拒证特权保护的证言仅包括涉及婚内秘密交流的证言以及不利于被告的证言，而大陆法系国家则对受保护证言的性质未加以限制，只要证人为法定亲等的亲属即有权拒绝提供任何证言。

Chapter one is a general introduction to financial leasing, in which the author discusses the definition, legal nature and features of financial leasing. Moreover, the author defines the nature of "international" in "international financial leasing" as different business sites of both the leasor and leasee in different countries. In Chapter two the author probes into the various manifestations of breaches of contract by both the leasor and the leasee in financial leasing on the basis of a careful analysis of the regulations in both Anglo-American law system and the civil law system, CISG and Unidroit Principles of International Commercial contracts as well as our country"s law. In Chapter three the author studies the respective legal problems concerning bankruptcy of both the leasor and the leasee, including the leaser"s right to take back the leased assets. The last chapter is the conclusion of this dissertation , in which the author , on the basis of the first three chapters, puts forward his suggestions on the perfection of our country"s financial leasing law and thinks that a financial leasing law be passed to regulate both parties" conducts in the transaction and the whole transaction of the leasor should be supervised by a uniform government organism.

第一章为国际融资租赁的概述，对融资租赁的概念、法律性质、特征及其国际性进行了探讨；第二章通过对英美法系和大陆法系国家法律及CISG和国际商事合同通则中关于违约及其救济的分析研究，并结合我国《合同法》的规定，主要探讨了国际融资租赁交易中各方当事人的具体违约形态及其救济措施；第三章探讨了国际融资租赁交易中出租人和承租人破产情形下的相关法律问题，主要分析了破产财产、破产债权及在承租人破产情形下出租人对租赁物的取回权等法律问题；第四章为本文的结论部分，在前三章的基础上，从私法和公法的角度对我国融资租赁法律体系的完善提出了建议，认为我国应制定专门的融资租赁法来规范该交易中可能出现的各种法律问题，并应统一对融资租赁业加以监管。

As the negation of the hemi-rational and arbitrary judicial system, legal reasoning is the way to justice and the rule of law. In contrast, the logical method of legal reasoning is the noetic beyond the social system.

作为半理性和专断审判制度之否定形式的法律推理，是通向法治和正义的必由之路，而法律推理的逻辑方法作为一种认识工具则具有超社会形态的纯粹理性形式。

Firstly, the character of labor education and rehabilitation. Concerning this problem, there isn"t an unified viewpoint in the law circle at present, thus the existence of the system is disputative and suspicious. Secondly, the legal status of labor and education and rehabilitation. What the system founds on is only the "quasi-law", it"s legal status is not clear and definite.

目前对其性质的认识尚不统一，在性质尚未有定论的情况下，这一制度存在的必要性令人怀疑：其次，劳动教养的法律地位问题，劳动教养的一系列规范性文件，仅仅是一个&准法律&、&准法规&，其法律地位是不明确的，不具有正当性，合法性。

But for a long time , there exist many abuses such as insufficient of legal norms ,disorder in administrative system, absent of supervision and administration ,uncertain of legal obligation. They have damaged the scientific ,objective ,authoritative nature of forensic science, brought about the public oppugning for forensic science , debased the public credits to forensic science .Furthermore , these abuses have prevented the litigious activities fromprocessing smoothly and the aim of forensic science system-servelitigation ,promote judicial justice-from being achieved.

但是，长期以来我国司法鉴定体制存在法律规范不足、管理体制混乱、技术标准不统一、监督管理缺失、法律责任不清等诸多制度弊端，损害了司法鉴定的科学性、客观性和权威性，引起社会公众对司法鉴定工作的质疑，降低了司法鉴定的社会公信力，并进而影响了诉讼活动的顺利进行，影响了司法鉴定服务于诉讼、促进司法公正目的的实现。

According to the energy waste questions maybe encountered in household heat metering and charging system analysis is made from legal aspect;at the same time practical measures are proposed in order to perfect charging system through legal measures to realize maximum energy-saving in heating.

针对分户计量收费制度中可能出现的能源浪费问题，从法律层面进行了分析，同时提出了通过立法途径对之进行解决的具体措施，旨在通过法律手段完善计量收费制度，达到采暖节能的最大化。

Based on these two central claims, I will show, technically, that if it was legal for dualists to use " the explanatory argument" to prove that there is an explanatory gap between the empirical science and the mental system, it would also be legal to use a similar argument to prove that there is an explanatory gap between the empirical science and the physical system.

基于上述两个论断，我将技术性地指出，如果二元论者合法地使用&解释论证&以证明在经验科学和心理系统之间存在解释鸿沟，那么它也会合法地使用相似的论证以证明在经验科学和物理系统间存在解释鸿沟。

To protect the corporation assets effectively,some legal remedies Can be taken to prevent the frauds on using corporation opinion absorption mala fide:restricting the vote amount of the decision—— making shareholders by existing legal resources;stockholders'veto power on specified affairs of the limited company;establishing the market value safeguard system for the dissenting stockholders;expanding the mechanism of cumulative votes to melon——cutting vote;setting up the stock purchase system for the dissenting holders;and perfecting the mechanism of stockholders'secession.

为了有效保护公司财产安全，对曲意运用公司表意吸收方法进行欺诈的法律救济措施是：运用现有法律资源限制决策层股东的表决额；建立有限公司股东对特定事项的否决权；建立异议股东的市值保全制度；将累积投票方式扩大至公司分红表决；建立异议股东的股份收购制度和完善股东的退出机制。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。