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Secondly, relations between the structuralism and physics teaching illustrate that the physics history can play the role of "advanced organizer" in improving the transfer ability. Moreover, the theory of recapitulation of physics announces the inherent similarity between the process of physics research and the process of physics conception learning. According to constructivist learning theories, the dissertation explains the process of students' learning the scientific concepts.

首先论文通过分析比较皮亚杰认知发展论和库恩科学发展论得出教育实践应与科学发展规律保持一致，应重视物理学史在物理教学中的应用，对于不同认知水平的学生和不同类型的知识应采用不同的教学方法：其次从结构主义与物理教学的关系说明物理学史在提高迁移能力上可以扮演"先行组织者"的角色；再次，通过物理文化重演理论揭示人类研究物理学的过程与学生学习物理概念的过程的内在相似性，并根据建构主义学习理论解释学生学习科学概念的过程。

To the problem that large-scale labeled samples isn't easy to acquire in the course of SVM training, the active learning strategy is used in the SVM training and an incremental training algorithm of active SVM based on the uncertainty based sampling of distance ratio is proposed in the paper. The experimental results show that the active SVM learning strategy can considerably reduce the labeled samples and costs compared to the passive learning method, and at the same time it can ensure the accurate classification performance is kept as the passive SVM and also expedite the SVM training.

针对 SVM训练学习过程中难以获得大量带有类标注样本的问题，本文将主动学习策略应用于SVM增量训练中，提出了一种基于距离比值不确定性抽样的主动SVM增量训练算法，实验结果表明在保证不影响分类精度的情况下，应用主动学习策略的SVM选择的标记样本数量大大低于随机选择的标记样本数量，大大降低了标记的工作量或代价，而且训练速度同样有所提高。

This new platform, considering the relationship among teaching, learning and managing, solving the conflict of resources share and intelligence prosperity, adopting latest theory on learning and mature technology, has more advantages than the existing platform. Firstly, it integrates the advantages of Internet and Satellite communication system and achieves the seamless connection. Secondly, it adopts the coding technology of streaming media with MEPG-4, which makes it possible that the on-line instruction, the schedular broadcast instruction and the distributed course ware on demand can be broadcast on the two networks. Thirdly, it considers the problems of security, user certification and the protection of intelligence property. Fourthly, it is possible to link education resources from all united university, and is able to share resources for lifelong learning individuals or group.

此次清华大学远程教育播出平台的改造，本着现有平台与未来需求相结合；最新的学习理论与成熟的信息技术相结合；资源传输与对学生的学习支持相结合；教育资源开放与知识产权保护相结合的设计理念，综合考虑了远程教育环境中教、学、管三方面的需求和关系，因而具有多方面的优势：新平台整合了互联网和卫星网各自的优势，在技术上实现了天网与地网的无缝连接；新平台对传输的教育节目采用 MPEG-4编码方式进行流媒体播出，在传输上实现了基于两种网络的实时课堂直播、录播和基于互联网的分布式课件点播的多种需求；新平台集资源加密、用户认证和授权等功能于一体，可有效地保护远程教育中的知识产权；新平台将各联盟学校的教育资源进行整合后重新提供给学习的个体或团体，较好地实现了资源共享。

So self-determination learning will be one of the most effective way of learning to adapt this learning-type society.

本文着重探讨在教学中指导学生进行自主学习的方法和途径。

The teaching of reflection approach stresses the importance of cultivating the students'ability of self-thinking and self-learning. Teachers need to modify the traditional teaching style and direct the students to grasp the scientific learning approaches and eventually grasp a kind of ability of lifelong learning.

反思性教学非常注重培养学生独立思考和自主学习的能力，要求教师变革传统的教学方式，指导学生掌握科学的学习方法，学会自主学习，使学生逐步形成终身学习的愿望和能力。

"Self-regulated learning abilities", one of the important issues in the current educational researches, is not only good for students to improve their learning efficiencies, but also provides a solid foundation for their life-long learning and development.

自主学习能力的培养是当今教育研究的重要主题之一。它不仅有利于学生提高学习效果，而且还为学生的终身学习和发展打下坚实的基础。

Lastly, we put forward three recommendations on improving teachers" learning ability from the perspective of organizational culture"s three contents: the material culture, the policy culture and the spirit culture. The three countermeasures are building up atmosphere and mechanisms, which are in support of teachers learning, and sparking plug the concept of life-long learning.

最后，本文以提升高校教师个体学习力为落脚点，从高校组织文化所包含的内容：物质文化、制度文化、精神文化，分别提出了提升教师个体学习力的对策：一是营造支持学习的氛围，二是建立促进学习的机制，三是树立终身学习的理念。

We study the attractive manifold method of the iterative learning control for a class of degenerate systems in the chapter Ⅲ. When the learning control systems don't satisfy the convergence condition, we present the learning control method satisfying the condition by constructing a stable and attractive manifold corresponding system. This method makes the system with better robustness.

第三章主要研究了一类退化系统目标跟踪的迭代学习控制的吸引流形方法，在系统不满足一般收敛条件的情况下，我们通过构造一个相应于所给系统稳定而吸引的流形，导出所满足要求的迭代学习控制，该方法对系统有较好的鲁棒性。

This article is for the joint synesthesia through the analysis, to more systematically applied to vocal teaching, interest in learning, accelerated learning process; In its modest way as vocal psychology at the same time, another way Vocal enabled synesthesia to improve the learning process as an effective way to enrich vocal teaching

更多将其更系统地应用于声乐教学，提高学习兴趣，加速学习进程；在为声乐心理学略尽绵薄之力的同时，另辟蹊径，使联觉成为提高声乐学习进程行之有效的方法，更好地丰富声乐教学手段。

By the method of empirical research, the relationship was analyzed among the leadership behavior, organizational learning capability, and organizational performance. The conclusions could be drawn as followed:(1)The three kinds of leadership behavior of TRC model have significant effect on the organizational learning capability, in which the most important is change-oriented, the second is relation-oriented, and the third is task-oriented according to the significant.(2) Organizational learning capability has a complete mediate effect on the relationship between relation-oriented, change-oriented leadership behavior and organizational performance.

本文通过对领导行为、组织学习能力与组织绩效三个不同层面的变量之间关系进行实证研究，得出如下主要结论：(1)企业家的TRC三种导向领导行为均对组织学习能力有显著影响，其中变革导向第一，关系导向行为第二，工作导向行为第三；(2)组织学习能力在关系导向、变革导向领导行为与组织绩效的关系起完全中介作用。

More direct, directer ; most direct, directest

径直的，笔直的

Do you know how to use a chain saw?

你知道如何使用链锯吗？