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This article proposed: First, the political philosophy and latter modernism are to the initiation inheritance profound resonsideration, but their standpoint is different; Second, the political philosophy's subject is just, but regarding anything is just, the new liberalism interior is debated, between it and the social group principle's argument is more intense; Third, the initiation is a not enterprise unexpectedly, the new liberalism and latter modernism are impossible to end the initiation.

本文提出：第一，政治哲学和后现代主义是对启蒙遗产的深刻反思，但它们立场是不同的；第二，政治哲学的主题是正义，但对于什么是正义，新自由主义内部是充满争论的，它与社群主义之间的争论则更为激烈；第三，启蒙是一项未竟的事业，新自由主义和后现代主义都不可能终结启蒙。

That is to say, we could draw a conclusion through the comparison of different editions of drum words of Two Degrees Plum in Qing Dynasty Republic of China with the form, content and thought of novel, and the comparison of the form, content and thought with different editions of drum words. Our conclusion is that different type of edition of the drum words in latter Qing Dynasty times, which basically followed the traditional modes of past drum words from the formality, but the ideological content could directly reflect the vicissitudes of society and idea at that time with the times changed. The different types of texts of drum words had directly reflected the traditional entertainment involving talking and singing entertainer's thoughts (they represented the first floor people's thoughts at that time), and also had directly reflected the common and popular writers'thoughts from their adaptions(they represented at that time one kind of residential social stratum thought which increased sharply along with city expanded and resident social stratum population produced, and this thought also referred to one kind of thought after the chromolithography had entered into China in latter Qing dynasty, cultural printing propagation velocity sped up and drum words gradually became the ordinary resident's table-top reading material).This kind of thought produced along with the social vicissitudes, also impelled the entire society's forward development and the progress from the science and technology and the cultural domain.

本文即是对《二度梅》小说故事被改编为鼓词的文本进行研究的一篇论文，即通过对现存的清代民国《二度梅》鼓词的不同类型的版本与小说形式、内容、思想之间的比较，鼓词与鼓词不同类型版本之间的形式、内容、思想之间的比较，来阐述出一个结论，就是晚清时期的不同类型的鼓词版本，从形式上基本仍然沿袭了过去鼓词的传统模式，但内容思想上则随着时代变化而能够更直接地反映着当时的社会思想变迁，鼓词不同类型的版本文本直接反映了说唱艺人的思想(他们代表的是当时底层民众的思想)，也直接反映了文人改编鼓词的普通俗文人思想(他们代表了当时随着城市的扩大市民阶层人数的激增而产生的一种市民阶层的思想，当然这种思想也是指晚清石印术进入中国后文化印刷传播速度加快，鼓词逐渐成为普通市民的案头读物后而产生的一种思想来说的)，正是这种随着社会变迁产生的思想，又从科技和文化领域推动了整个社会的向前发展和进步。

They both are one of abstract expressions to geographic space and time. By comparison, the latter is the target of GIS development. Feature classification, which must be based on cognitive classificatory theory, is the key to the latter.

二者都是对地理时空的一种抽象表达，对比分析后认为，基于特征的数据组织更符合人们的思维认知习惯，是GIS数据组织追求的目标；基于特征的数据组织方法的关键是特征分类，特征分类必须以认知分类理论为基础。

Generally, they may be arranged into male and female spirits, the former under their king Ashmedai, the latter under their queen Lilispirits, the former under their king Ashmedai, the latter under their queen Lilith, probably the same as Agrath bath Machlath, only that the latter may nore fully present hurtful aspect of the demoness.

一般来说，他们可能会安排到男性和女性的精神，前国王根据其Ashmedai ，后者根据其女王Lilispirits ，前国王根据其Ashmedai ，后者根据其女王莉莉丝，这可能是一样的Agrath浴Machlath ，只是后者可能诺尔完全本伤害方面的

Donor bacteria, through its pilus bacteria with receptors contact, the former transmission of different length single strand of DNA to the latter, and in the latter cells for double-stranded or further nuclear chromosome in exchange, integration, so that the latter was the donor of the genetic traits phenomenon.

供体菌通过其性菌毛与受体菌相接触，前者传递不同长度的单链DNA给后者，并在后者细胞中进行双链化或进一步与核染色体发生交换、整合，从而使后者获得供体菌的遗传性状的现象。

From the point of education notion, the former puts more emphasis on the mastery of basic skills while the latter encourage scientific innovation spirit. As for the subjects, the former is oriented to all students, devoting to students' comprehensive development and their education for life. On the contract, the latter prepares students to be qualified university applicants. Regarding assessment, both believe that fairness and comprehensiveness are important. Additionally, assessment reacts on teaching and multi-assessment is preferred. Contrastingly, the former lays more stress on result-oriented paper exams while the latter also takes daily teaching process into consideration when it comes to assessment.

从理念上看，二者均注重学生能力的培养，前者更强调基本技能的掌握，后者更鼓励科学创新精神；从对象上看，前者面向全体学生，着眼于学生全面发展和终身发展需要的大众教育，后者的定位则是精英教育，使学生成为最有资格的大学申请者；从评价上看，二者均强调客观公正全面的评价、通过评价对教学过程做出指导，在提倡多元化评价的同时，前者更注重充分利用好传统的纸笔测验的评价方式的终结性评价，后者除终结性评价外也注重贯穿在日常课堂教学中的内部评价。

Human rights are divided into generations:civil and political rights as the first generation and economic and social rights as the second.The former is negative,the latter is positive;states have obligation to the result immediately to the former and only to realize gradually to the latter;the former is judiciable and the latter is not.

在对人权的认识中，公民权利和政治权利与经济、社会权利被人为地做了前后代际分野：前代是消极权利，后代是积极权利；前代是&立即实现&义务或结果义务，后代是&逐渐实现&义务或行动义务；前代是可裁决的，后代是不可裁决的。

This thesis holds that all of Chao Yu's dramas should be divided into former period and latter period; the deep structure of former Chao Yu's dramas is the contrast and opposition of an ideal world to a prisonlike world, and the deep structure of latter Chao Yu's dramas is the"clear sky"; the transformation of former Chao Yu's drama to the latter is a transformation of its deep structure.

本文认为曹禺戏剧存在着前期和后期之分；前期曹禺戏剧的深层结构是闭锁的世界与理想国的对照与对立，后期曹禺戏剧的深层结构则是&明朗的天&；从前期戏剧到后期戏剧的转换是深层结构的转换。

Their different aspects are: different philosophical basis; the former is evolutionary epistemology, the latter is mainly pragmatism, different scientific basis, the former is sociobiology, the latter is mainly Darwin's evolutionism, different psychological basis, the former is cognitive psychology, the latter is animal psychology, different research field, the former is evolutionary cognitive psychology, evolutionary social psychology, evolutionary personality psychology, etc.

它们的相同点是：①坚持生物进化的原则；②坚持适应性的原则；③坚持性别差异性原则。

Different point basically is reflected in:(1) is on philosophical foundation, former it is guidance with Marxism philosophy, latter is directive;(2) to be on the purpose of research and jumping-off place with subjective idealism and metaphysics, former it is to be surplus value theory to lay a foundation, supply thought weapon for proletarian revolution, latter is to be bourgeois to serve;(3) to be on value source, former position works alive is the only fountainhead of value, latter thinks effectiveness or the fountainhead;(4) that effectiveness rate is value finally are on value Standard Dimension however, former consider as socially necessary labor time, latter considers as limit effectiveness to wait a moment.

不同之处主要体现在：(1)在哲学基础上，前者以马克思主义哲学为指导，后者以主观唯心主义和形而上学为指导；(2)在研究的目的和出发点上，前者是为剩余价值理论奠定基础，为无产阶级革命提供思想武器，后者则是为资产阶级服务；(3)在价值源泉上，前者主张活劳动是价值的惟一源泉，后者却认为效用或最后效用程度是价值的源泉；(4)在价值度量标准上，前者认为是社会必要劳动时间，后者认为是边际效用等等。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。