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Study on the rapid Propagation Technique of Lycoris. Herb and get follow results: In the period found of axenic clone 0.1%HgCl2 is the best disinfector to deal with the Lycoris" bulb ,as to neat part, such as root, leave, and bulbil, is fit to use 0.1%HgCl2 antisepsis 7min. And found the best effect is the bulb scale with base. Root, leaf and bulb scale without base all were not inducement adventitious buds. Different position of bulb had different culture effect. 3-15 of middle part of bulb can be induced most adventitious buds but inner and outer of least it. Incised the bulb with three types (pieces of eight, pieces of six, piece of four), and found the type of pieces of six is best to Lycoris mass production. L.sprengeri is fit MS+BA5mg/l+NAA0.1mg/l and L.squamigera is fit MS+BA5mg/l+NAA0.5mg/l, but the medium fit to culture L.longituba haven"t be found.In the period of Subculture-Found of mass production, the most multiplication of adventitious buds in MS+BA5mg/l+NAA0.5mg/l during subculture of L.sprengeri, L.squamigera.

石蒜属植物快速繁殖技术研究中，在无菌无性系建立阶段：鳞茎以0.1％HgCl_2消毒10-12分钟效果最好，而叶、根尖、鳞芽等较干净部位选用0.1％HgCl_2消毒7分钟；用三种石蒜属植物的叶片、根尖、鳞芽及带基盘与不带基盘鳞片进行培养，以带基盘鳞片诱导分化效果最理想，鳞芽易培养出芽，但数量有限，而叶片、根尖与不带基盘鳞片均未诱导分化；带基盘鳞片为石蒜属植物快速繁殖最佳外植体，以鳞茎中部3-15层芽诱导率高，较外层稍次之，内部鳞片诱导率最低；选用八等分法、六等分法、四等分法切割鳞茎，六等分法综合效果最好；每外植体带三鳞片培养最为适宜；三种石蒜属植物各自适合的培养基成分不同，换锦花在MS+BA5mg／l+NAA0.1mg／l中培养效果最好，夏水仙为MS+BA5mg／l+NAA0.5mg／l，而白花长筒石蒜在各培养基组合中培养效果均不理想，其适合的培养条件有待于进一步研究。

Two specieses, Lycoris radiate and Lycoris aurea, were selected for the studying of artificial propagation in vitro. A few specieses of Lycoris, from the southeast area of China and part of locations in Japan, were chosen to research their karyotype differentiation and to measure their genetic diversity by ISSR analysis. The results could be summarized as follows.1. The vegetative propagation conditions of Lycoris aurea and L. radiate in vitro was studied by two-scaling. Different illuminate condition had an effect on the bulblet formation rate. To the species of L. radiate, the rate was higher in the state of 16h 800-12001x illumination than in the darkness. The medium also affected the new bulblet formating rate. When the culture was MS medium 0.2 mg/L NAA 4 mg/L 6-BA, the bulblet formationg rate of L. aurea was 220%;at the same time, when the medium was MS 0.2 mg/L NAA 2 mg/L 6-BA, the rate of L.

本研究选择西南部分地区及日本的几个石蒜品种，从细胞学和DNA分子角度，分析了它们的遗传多样性水平和遗传结构状况，对红花石蒜和忽地笑的离体繁殖技术进行了初步研究，得出如下结论： 1 进行了红花石蒜和黄花石蒜双鳞片快速繁殖条件的研究，结果表明：红花石蒜在16小时800-1200 lx光照下比黑暗条件下出芽率要高；黄花石蒜在MS NAA0.2mg／L 6-BA4mg／L下出芽率为220％，红花石蒜在MS NAA0.2mg／L 6-BA2mg／L下出芽率为108％；NAA比IBA有利于石蒜生根；硅藻土显著提高黄花石蒜双鳞片出芽率，活性炭起抑制作用；6％蔗糖浓度有利于红花石蒜小鳞茎增重，MS 6-BA4mg／L NAA0.5mg／L培养基有利于小鳞茎增殖，切割一刀比两刀有利于小鳞茎增殖。

The first part consists of three experiments:(1) The rings were incubated in KH, 20, 50 mmol/L 〓 for 1 house, relaxation in response to the EDHF stimuli A23187 in 30nmol/L U46619-induced preconrtaction in the presence of 7 μ mol/L indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, 300μmol/L LNNA, a nitric oxide biosyhnthesis inhibitor, and 1mmol/L tetraethylammonium , a 〓 blocker, or 3 μmol/L glibenclamide , a 〓 blocker, was compared with the control;(2) After the arteries were incubated in KH, UW solution or HTK solution at 4℃ for 4 hours, endothelium-derived relaxation (percentage of 30nmol/L U46619 precontraction) was induced by A23187 in the present of 7 μmol/L indomethacir and 300μmol/L LNNA;(3) After incubation with KH, UW solution and STH (either at 37℃ in oxygenated organ chamber or at 4℃ in a refrigerator for 4 hours), endothelium-derived relaxation (percentage of 30nmol/L U46619 precontraction) was induced by A23187 in the present of 7 μ mol/L indomethacin and 300 μmol/L LNNA.

第一部分研究结果：（1）单纯浸泡于KH的冠状动脉A23187能引发66.67％的血管舒张反应，经TEA及20mmol／L、50mmol／L钾离子作用后，血管舒张反应程度显著降低，但经GBM作用后改变不明显；（2）与保存于KH的冠状动脉相比，A23187引发的血管舒张反应程度，保存于UW液的明显下降，保存于HTK液的无明显变化；（3）在37℃条件下，血管环浸泡于STH出现缓慢轻微的舒张反应，浸泡于UW液初期出现短暂收缩反应，但此后主要以舒张为主：在37℃条件下，血管经UW液保存后，U46619引发的收缩反应程度降低；不论在37℃或4℃条件下，A23187引发的血管舒张反应，经UW液保存后明显下降，但用STH保存后变化不明显。

These uncontaminated explants showed that morphogenetic potential were 70%-75% and each responding explant had 1.2-1.4 shoots formation on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L NAA and 16 mg/L BA. Moreover, adding antibiotics (100 mg/L Rifampicin and 100 mg/L Gentamycin) to solidify MS contained 3% galactose were tested, results showed the lowest contamination rates were 20% and 1.0-1.2 shoots were regenerated per responding explant. The antibiotic treatments with 100 mg/L Rifampicin and 100 mg/L Gentamycin could reduce internal contaminants, while the addition of antibiotics into medium in vitro culture led to phototoxic phenomena of axillary explants, morphogenetic potential lost and the growth of regenerant was also inhibited.

以100 mg/L Rifampicin+100 mg/L Gentamycin或100 mg/L Rifampicin+100 mg/L Gentamycin+150 mg/L Streptomycin组合浓度处理者，具有显著降低污染率的效果分别为60%及50%；克服内生菌污染而建立初代无菌培养之腋芽培植体，则以100 mg/L Rifampicin或以100 mg/L Rifampicin+100 mg/L Gentamycin处理者，芽体再生率最高70%-75%，惟平均每一腋芽培植体芽体增殖数仅1.2-1.4个；另在醣种类及浓度与抗生素试验，显示100 mg/L Rifampicin+100 mg/L Gentamycin之抗生素浓度组合添加至含3g/L半乳糖的培养基，显著降低污染率至20%；但未污染之培植体，形态发生潜能低至40%以内，可反应生长之培植体芽体形成数也仅达1-1.2个之间，再生芽体之生长也显现抑制现象。

Results MRS medium was more suitable for producing bacteriocin than other media. The maximum plantaricin production was obtained in modified MRS medium containing 10 g/L maltose and 10 g/L glucose, 10 g/L yeast extract, 10 g/L tryptone and 2g/L tri-ammonium citrate, 1 mL/L Tween80, 6 g/L K2HPO4 ?

最佳培养基为MRS培养基；优化后的培养基配方为葡萄糖10 g/L，麦芽糖10 g/L，酵母提取物10 g/L，蛋白胨10 g/L，柠檬酸三铵2 g/L，吐温80为1 mL/L，K2HPO4·3H2O 6 g/L，乙酸钠5 g/L，硫酸镁0.2 g/L，硫酸锰

The results showed that the optimal auto-induction medium is: tryptone 19.17 g/L, yeast extract 9.59 g/L, Na2HPO4 5.72 g/L, KH2PO4 5.48 g/L,(NH4)2SO4 2.66 g/L, NaCl 3.33 g/L, glycerol 2%, glucose 0.68 g/L, lactose 6.33 g/L, MgSO4

实验结果表明，最优培养基成分为蛋白胨19.17 g/L，酵母膏9.59 g/L， Na2HPO4 5.72 g/L， KH2PO4 5.48 g/L，(NH4)2SO4 2.66 g/L， NaCl 3.33 g/L，甘油2%，葡萄糖0.68 g/L，乳糖6.33 g/L， MgSO4

At the same time ,the cap of filter paper was used for improving transformation ratio. Leaf discs were transferred onto the media MS+ NAA(1mg/L)+6-BA(3mg/L)+Km(30mg/L)for regeneration resistant selction. Shoots from selection medium were cultured on medium MS +NAA(1mg/L)+6-BA(3mg/L)+Km(50mg/L) for selection again,and then on the media 1/2MS+NAA(0.2mg/L)+IBA(0.2mg/L)+Km(25mg/L)for rooting selectin.

共培养后把叶盘转入MS+ NAA(1mg/L)+6-BA(3mg/L)+Km(30mg/L)培养基上进行分化筛选培养。30天后可分化出不定芽，把不定芽转到MS +NAA(1mg/L)+6-BA(3mg/L)+Km(50mg/L)培养基上进行抗性芽的筛选，转到1/2MS+NAA(0.2mg/L)+IBA(0.2mg/L)+Km(25mg/L)培养基上进行生根筛选。

L~(-1) each, 2μL of upstream primer10nmol ? L~(-1, 3.5μL of Mg~(2+)25 mmol ? L~(-1,10μL of double-distilled water.

包括RT-Mixmre 20μL，10×PCRbuffer 5μL，Taq5U·μL~(-11μL，dNTPs混合物2.5mmol·L~(-1each5μL，上游引物10μmol·L~(-12μL，Mg~(2+)25mmol·L~(-17μL，水10μL。

Nine different aphid-resistant alfalfas and four cross bred F1 were used in this experiment to investigate better dosage in SSR technique system and to seek the best combination among factors.At last,the best SSR technique system was established. The Taq DNA polymerase was 0.2μL(5U/μL),the 10×Buffer(Mg2+Plus)was 2.5μL , the dNTP Mixture was 2μL ( 2.5mmol/L), the primer was 1.5μL (10μmol/L),the template DNA was 1μL,the ddH2O was 16.3μL ,and the whole system was 25μL.

以九个不同抗蚜级别的苜蓿品种及四个杂交F1代为试材，摸索SSR反应体系中各个影响因素的浓度和用量，确定适合苜蓿抗蚜虫基因定位的SSR反应体系：其中Taq DNA聚合酶0.2μL(5U/μL)，10×Buffer(Mg2+Plus) 2.5μL，dNTP Mixture 2μL (各2.5mM)，引物各1.5μL (10μM)，模板DNA1μL，ddH2O 16.3μL补足25μL。

After the coagulation and sedimentation in the jar test with ferric chloride, the residual COD in the supernatant was 9000 mg/L which was further oxidized by chloric acid or with Fenton method. The COD removal efficient increased with the increasing of the dosage of chloric acid from 0.5 ~ 100 g/L or the H2O2/Fe2+ from 5/2.5 ~ 50/25 g/L, and the economical dosage were suggested as chloric acid 50 g/L or the H2O2/Fe2+ 50/25 g/L which resulted in the residual COD of 400 and 3300 mg/L individually for 95 and 63 % COD removal percentages. Oxidation test showed that only 5 minutes was needed for 92 % COD removal in the case of chloric acid dosage 50 g/L.

废液A经氯化铁混凝沉淀后，COD浓度可降低至9，000mg/L，仍未符合符合工业区污水厂进厂限值(＜650mg/L)，进而使用氯酸钠直接氧化法及Fenton法以去除剩余之COD，其操作条件范围分别为氯酸钠加药量0.5g ~ 100g/L ，而最适加药量为50g/L，及Fenton法H2O2/Fe2+加药量范围为5/2.5g/L~50/25g/L，其最适H2O2/Fe2+加药量为50/25g/L，两种方法处理后残余COD浓度分别为400mg/L及3300mg/L，去除率约为95%及63%，而依此判断氯酸钠氧化处理残余COD有较好之效果，且利用氯酸钠氧化速率快，5分钟就能有92%去除率，所需水力停留时间较短，由此实验建议利用氯酸钠直接氧化处理，最适加药量为50g/L。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。